15 research outputs found
Multi-IP-Based SoC Design Including CCM Security Mode of Operation By
No full textI hereby declare that I am the sole author of this thesis. I authorize the University of Waterloo and KTH University to lend this thesis to other institutions or individuals for the purpose of scholarly research. I further authorize the University of Waterloo and KTH University to reproduce this thesis by photocopying or by other means, in total or in print, at the request of other institutions is individuals for the purpose of scholarly research. ii Embedding security in many mobile electronic devices is of great importance. With the emergence of powerful self-contained FPGAs which include microprocessors, memory etc. for SoC designs, it has shifted focus to these programmable platforms. A co-design approach can be used to optimize speed, area and power consumption by partitioning function onto the on-chip microprocessor and programmable logic blocks. FPGAs typically provide higher efficiency compared to software. On the other hand they offer more flexibility and much lower design and debug costs compared to specifically-built hardware. This thesis mainly implements CCM security mode of operation on a FPGA platform by using the AES encryption algorithm, it then builds a complete SoC that is based on multi IP cores including CCM. Except for the hard on-chip IP cores (i.e. microprocessors and memory), the device controllers, the PLB and OPB buses and CCM are all soft IP peripherals to build a complex system. The idea of building the elements as soft IP cores makes it very easy for further on-chip developments or modifications. The CCM core that sits on the same PLB bus at 80 MHz, can easily communicate with PowerPC or DDR SDRAM or BRAM controllers which are on the same bus. The implementation exploits iterative structure of AES to save the hardware resources; it implements the key expansion core as well. It also reports on the challenges and problems throughout the implementation. ii
Soft Error Resistant Design of the AES Cipher Using SRAM-based FPGA
No full textThis thesis presents a new architecture for the reliable implementation of the symmetric-key algorithm Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) in Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs). Since FPGAs are prone to soft errors caused by radiation, and AES is highly sensitive to errors, reliable architectures are of significant concern. Energetic particles hitting a device can flip bits in FPGA SRAM cells controlling all aspects of the implementation. Unlike previous research, heterogeneous error detection techniques based on properties of the circuit and functionality are used to provide adequate reliability at the lowest possible cost. The use of dual ported block memory for SubBytes, duplication for the control circuitry, and a new enhanced parity technique for MixColumns is proposed. Previous parity techniques cover single errors in datapath registers, however, soft errors can occur in the control circuitry as well as in SRAM cells forming the combinational logic and routing. In this research, propagation of single errors is investigated in the routed netlist. Weaknesses of the previous parity techniques are identified. Architectural redesign at the register-transfer level is introduced to resolve undetected single errors in both the routing and the combinational logic.
Reliability of the AES implementation is not only a critical issue in large scale FPGA-based systems but also at both higher altitudes and in space applications where there are a larger number of energetic particles. Thus, this research is important for providing efficient soft error resistant design in many current and future secure applications
A SEU-resistant, FPGA-based implementation of the substitution transformation in AES for security on satellites
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Diagnostic Accuracy of Digitized Images Using Different Resolution Settings of Digital Camera in Detection of Proximal Caries
No full textObjective: When none of digital systems and scanners is accessible and it is essential to have digitized images of conventional radiographs, digital cameras can be used. The Aim of this study was to investigate whether digital images obtained by different resolutions of a digital camera are matched to the original radiographs in evaluation of caries.Methods: In this diagnostic accuracy in vitro study the conventional radiographs of168 proximal surfaces of 84 teeth were produced, Then they were digitized with digital camera in three different resolutions; high (2048x1536), medium (1600x1200) and low resolution (480x460). Images were stored in Photoshop7.0 software, and were evaluated by5 observers to show the presence and depth of the caries. Cronbach’s α calculated inter-observers agreement and in order to calculate the agreement with original conventional radiographs Kappa index was used.Results: In assessing the presence of caries, the agreement between low, medium and high resolutions with original radiographs were 0.286, 0.235 and 0 respectively. Also, assessing the depth of the caries agreement was reported0.21, 0.338 and 0.412 respectively. In most instances, there was a fair agreement between the different resolutions and original radiographs. The highest inter- observer’s agreement was reported in diagnosis of the presence of the caries with using high resolution (α=0.837) and the lowest inter-observer’s agreement was reported in diagnosis of the depth of the caries with medium resolution (α=0.762).There was no significant difference reported in observations of different resolutions and original images.Conclusion: Using of high-resolution cameras did not show a significant difference with medium and low resolutions in caries evaluations. Therefore, considering the increase in the file size and difficulties in cameras selection, using of high-resolution digital cameras is not necessary in order to increase the diagnostic accuracy of digitized images
Introducing Kholasat ol-Maqamat and its stylistic and lingual characteristics
No full textAbstract
Kholasat ol-Maqamat is a manuscript on spiritual stations of famous mystic and Sofi, Sheikh Ahmad Jam. This manuscript has been written by Ab ol-Makarem Ibn Alaâ ol-Molk Jami, one of Sheikh Ahmad's descendants, in the time of Shahrokh Mirzaâs reign (840) to whom that manuscript was presented.
The style of this book is similar to that of Asrar ot-Towhid and as it appears from its name, it is a concise of some books on maqamat written in Sheikh Jam's time. Therefore, maqamt is a name applied generally to papers written about spiritual stations of special characters. Historically, it so happened that this work probably belongs to Sheikh Ahmad's time, because at that time or afterwards some books have been written on his spiritual stations which we will point out. We believe works of this kind which has been written afterwards, such as Asrar ot-Towhid on Abu Saeed's spiritual stations are affected by the method of maqamat-writing in the time of Ahmad Jam, and Kholasat ol-Maqamat is an anthology of early works on this subject.
To write this book, Alaâ ol-Molk, in addition to Mohammad Ghaznavi's Maqamat which is a description of the Ahmad Jam's Maqamat, has used four Maqamats: Imam razi od-Din Ilias Taybadi's Maqamat, Sheikh Ahmad Tarkhestani's Maqamat, Taj ed-Din Mahmoud buzjani's Maqamat and Darwish Ali Buzjani's Maqamat.
Moreover, he has benefited from Khaje Mohammad Heisamâs History, Jameâ ol-Osul, Some of Sihahe Sitte and Masanid Arbaâe, apparently complete works of Several poets including Sheikh Attar Neishaburi and also some works of Sheikh Jam (Ons ot-Taebin, Seraj os-Saâerin, Rawzat ol-Moznebin, Konuz ol-Hekme, Miftah on-Nijat, Bihar ol-Haqiqe and a collection of Sheikh Jamâs poems). Additionally, this book contains mystical, geographical, historical benefits and stylistic and lingual characteristics.
This manuscript is distinguishable for some reasons such as availability of some other manuscripts titled maqamat of which the author made used, all have been written in jam's time by his cohorts. Each of them has a great value, since that time is probably the beginning of writing maqamat. Because on the basis of notes remained, Alaâol-Molk has used four maqamats named Imam Razi od-Din Ilias Taibadi, Sheikh Ahmad Tarkhestani, Darvish Ali Buzjani that now there is no information about. This point increases the value of Kholasat ol-Maqamat.
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He had also some of his ancestor's works that contain more accurate and detailed subjects as well as more complete information about family and descendents of Sheikh than Mohammad Ghaznavi's Maqamat.
Three manuscripts of Kholasat ol-Maqamat are available with different mode of hand writing: Manuscript in Ganj Bakhsh library of Lahur, manuscript in theology faculty of University of Mashhad and digital library of parliament.
Finally, necessary to say, this manuscript indicates Sheikh's spiritual stations happened to and written by his cohorts at that time. Since that papers except Mohammad Ghaznavi's Maqamat have been disappeared, Kholasat ol-Maqamat which is the extract of those maqamats could be known as the most important and exquisite manuscript about Sheikh's spiritual stations and Keramat.
Actually, recognition, introduction and emendation of this manuscript will be an effective and fruitful step to know more about Sheikh Ahmad Jam and his spiritual stations and tunes and the style of writing maqamat which is of high importance for researchers in getting information about Sheikh's dignity and styles of writing maqamat. There is a hope that this book has the success of unveilin
Wound healing properties and antimicrobial activity of platelet-derived biomaterials
No full textWe analyzed the potential antibacterial effects of two different PdB against methicillin-resistant S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. The third-degree burn wound healing effects of PdB was also studied. Blood samples were obtained from 10 healthy volunteers and biological assays of the PdB were performed and the antimicrobial activity against MRSA and P. aeruginosa was determined using disk diffusion (DD), broth microdilution (BMD), and time-kill assay methods. 48 Wistar albino rats were burned and infected with MRSA. Two groups were injected PdB, the control groups were treated with plasma and received no treatment respectively. In the next step, the rats were euthanized and skin biopsies were collected and histopathologic changes were examined. The results of DD and BMD showed that both PdB performed very well on MRSA, whereas P. aeruginosa was only inhibited by F-PdB and was less susceptible than MRSA to PdBs. The time-kill assay also showed that F-PdB has an antibacterial effect at 4 hours for two strains. Histopathological studies showed that the treated groups had less inflammatory cells and necrotic tissues. Our data suggest that PdB may possess a clinical utility as a novel topical antimicrobial and wound healing agent for infected burn wounds. © 2020, The Author(s)
Alginate hydrogel co-loaded with cisplatin and gold nanoparticles for computed tomography image-guided chemotherapy
No full textThe biomedical applications of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have experienced rapid growth in recent years, due to their expected benefits in medical imaging and therapy. In this work, we report the development of a theranostic nanocomplex constructed from alginate hydrogel co-loaded with cisplatin and AuNPs (abbreviated as ACA) for simultaneous drug delivery and computed tomography imaging. CT26 cells derived from mouse colon adenocarcinoma were exposed to various concentrations of ACA nanocomplex (for 24 h) and the cytotoxicity was measured using MTT assay. Moreover, the cells treated with ACA nanocomplex were imaged in a computed tomography scanner and the contrast enhancement due to the presence of nanocomplex was assessed. The cytotoxicity results showed that ACA nanocomplex had a more potent chemotherapy efficacy than free cisplatin, so that ACA nanocomplex at the concentration of 5 µg/ml (per cisplatin) and 20 µg/ml of free cisplatin resulted in the same cytotoxicity (survival rate: 66). The computed tomography imaging study revealed that ACA nanocomplex increased the brightness of computed tomography images, the computed tomography number value, and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR). ACA nanocomplex can be presented as a computed tomography-traceable nanocarrier that allows to monitor the delivery of therapeutics by assessing their localized accumulation and in vivo biodistribution. © The Author(s) 2018
Prevalence and molecular epidemiology of ceftaroline non-susceptible methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates, first clinical report from Iran
No full textBackground: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the major pathogens in Iran with a high prevalence and a high level of antibiotic resistance. Ceftaroline is a fifth generation cephalosporin binding and inhibiting penicillin binding protein (PBP2a). Methods: In the present study, 228 clinical MRSA isolates were collected from four cities of Iran and their susceptibility to ceftaroline was evaluated by E-test and the disk diffusion method. Results: Our results showed a high susceptibility rate (97.3) to ceftaroline in MRSA strains from Iran. Six isolates were found to be ceftaroline non-susceptible (CPT-NS) with Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) �2 mg/mL. All CPT-NS isolates were isolated from blood and tracheal aspirate and belonged to SCCmec type III as well as agr type I and were all susceptible to vancomycin. Out of six isolates, three, two and one belonged to spa type t030, t4864, and t969, respectively. Vancomycin, quinupristin/dalfopristin, linezolid, chloramphenicol, and tigecycline were the most active agents against CPT-NS isolates. Conclusion: Due to the broad-spectrum activity and low toxicity of ceftaroline as well as the increased rate of vancomycin resistance among MRSA strains in recent years, ceftaroline can be considered as a novel approach to treat MRSA-induced infections. © 2020 The Author(s)
Studying the life Kisai Marvazi based on a new reading of Lamiyah poem
No full textResearching about a poet whose life is not well known is not an easy task, especially because among the small number of researches that have been conducted, differences and sometimes contradictions are found, which span his life from the Samanids to the Ghaznavids and his religious tendencies from the praise of the Abbasid caliphs to the fourteen Infallibles. Apparently, researchers such as Brown, Ethe, Ripka, Mirzeov, Nafisi, Eqbal Ashtiani, Safa, Riahi, Derakhshan and others who researched about Kisai, were all influenced by Aufi in Lubab ul-Albab and the incorrect reading of the first verse of Lamiyah poem and they have not accepted the simultaneity of him and Rudaki, but if we interpret Kisai's life with a new interpretation of this verse, many of the contradictions in his life will disappear. The simultaneity of Roudaki and Kisai, the praise of Utbi by Kisai, the writing of the poem Manqebat after the poet turned fifty, Kisai and Mahmoud Ghaznavi not meeting, the fading of the poetic correspondence between Nasser Khosrow and Kisai, and perhaps the attribution of an ode to Kisai, which was written after the famous poem of Rudaki; are all among the achievements that this reading of Kisai’s poetry gives. The position of Kisai Marvazi and his pioneering role in Persian literature and the ambiguities and contradictions that can be seen in his life determine the importance and necessity of this research, which the author seeks to highlight some uncertainties about the life and poetry of Kisai and by referring to some personalities and poems of him and his contemporaries andgive new results in this regard
