117,617 research outputs found

    Acupuncture and Neurotrophin Modulation in Neurobiology of Acupuncture

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    The Western explanation for acupuncture effectiveness is based upon more than half a century of basic and clinical research, which identified the activation of sensory system and the subsequent activity-dependent regulation of neurotransmitters, neurohormones, and several classes of neuromodulators as plausible mechanism for the acupuncture's therapeutic properties. The regulation of neurotrophins' expression and activity is one of the possible neurophysiological mechanisms underlying acupuncture's effects on neuropathic pain, nerve injury, neurodegeneration, and even in the regulation of gonadal functions. The present work will review the scientific literature produced by a decade of investigations on the relationship between acupuncture and neurotrophins. This scientific production and the current knowledge about the neural and neurohormonal activity-dependent regulation of neurotrophin expression/action suggest the existence of a link between the ability of acupuncture in regulating neural physiology and its effects on the neurotrophic milieu in different disease state

    Impacto das políticas de lazer na região do bairro Aero Rancho. Campo Grande/MS

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    Impacto das políticas de lazer na região do bairro Aero Rancho. Campo Grande/MS / Felipe Soligo Barbosa, Luciane Coelho Rabel, Joyce Priscila Samudio da Silva, Julio Arani Pinheiro Xavier. – Campo Grande: UCDB, 2009As políticas de lazer são foco de inúmeras pesquisas e publicações no País, nos dias atuais (BARBOSA, 2008; MARCELLINO, 2002a, 2003; MARIANO, 2008; MENNEH, 2002). São eixos fundamentais de uma política de lazer: o uso do espaço urbano e a construção e animação dos equipamentos de lazer (BARBUY, 1980; MARCELLINO, 2002a; SANTOS, 1982; WILHEIM, 1976). Desse modo, é imprescindível para a democratização do lazer, mais especificamente dos conteúdos físico-esportivos, a elaboração de políticas públicas. Entretanto, não se pode deixar levar pela falácia do tarefismo, ou da política de atividades que, na maioria das vezes, acabam por constituir-se em eventos isolados e não em políticas de animação como processo. Faz-se necessário também atenção aos quatro eixos de uma política de lazer: reordenação da jornada de trabalho; reordenação do solo urbano, incluindo aí os espaços e equipamentos específicos de lazer; política de formação e desenvolvimento de pessoal para que os profissionais envolvidos trabalhem de forma coerente com os conceitos atuais e uma política de animação (MARCELLINO, 2007a).rede CEDES / M

    Muscarinic receptor activation modulates neurotrophic factors production in rat Schwann-like cells derived from adipose mesenchymal stem cells.

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    Muscarinic receptor activation modulates neurotrophic factors production in rat Schwann-like cells derived from adipose mesenchymal stem cells Piovesana R1, Faroni A2, Soligo M3, Manni L3, Reid AJ2 & Tata AM1 1Dept. Biol and Biotech. C. Darwin, University of Rome “Sapienza”, Rome, Italy; 2Blond McIndoe Lab, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; 3Institute of Translational Pharmacology-CNR, Rome, Italy Peripheral nerve injury is commonly caused by direct mechanical trauma. Regeneration depends on the ability of Schwann cells (SCs) to create a favourable environment, by producing neurotrophic factors. Although SCs are effective in promoting nerve regeneration, they are not a convenient source of transplantable cells to improve outcomes after injury. Mesenchymal Stem Cells derived from adipose tissue (ASCs) seem to be a promising alternative source considering their ability to differentiate towards SC phenotype (Schwann-like). SCs express different receptors for neurotransmitters. In particular cholinergic stimulation of M2 muscarinic receptor decreases SCs proliferation whilst upregulating myelination. Previously, we demonstrated that Schwann-like cells express muscarinic receptors; in particular the M2 receptor activation resulted in decreased proliferation and reduced migration. In present work, we have characterised the effects mediated by muscarinic receptors on neurotrophic factors (NFs) expression and production. The selective activation of M2 receptors by arecaidine propargyl ester (APE) caused a significant decrease of the transcript levels for NFs (NGF, BDNF and GDNF), while the non-selective agonist muscarine did not influence NFs mRNA expression. By custom made Elisa Assay, we analysed the production of two different NGF forms, precursor (proNGF) and mature NGF (mNGF). APE treatment induced a decreased release of both NGF forms, whereas muscarine treatment stimulated an increased release of mNGF. Western blot analysis indicated that both agonists caused a significant decrease in the expression of the proNGF isoform at 25 kDa, which is likely involved in the modulation of apoptotic processes. The data obtained suggest a relevant role of muscarinic receptors in the modulation of NFs production in Schwann-like cells. In particular the ability of both muscarinic agonists to negatively modulate the proNGF isoform, thereby suggesting a neuroprotective role of muscarinic receptors towards regenerating axons
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