1,720,969 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Zoning for Rural Areas
Get PDFExcerpts: The principal public way available to citizens for guiding the growth of their community toward desired ends is to use the planning-zoning process. More and more, rural people are doing this through their local governing bodies aided by community planning and zoning boards. Zoning is most successful in a community that has worked out a comprehensive plan of development. Such a plan outlines what the community wants in the future and suggests how present and future improvements and land uses should be related. The comprehensive plan should be based on a study of resources, problems, needs, and potentials of the community. Usually the comprehensive plan is set forth in a series of maps and proposals for future improvements. One or more of these maps indicate areas suitable for industry, business, homes, farming, recreation, and other uses. These maps can help the community establish the various kinds of zones needed to carry out the master plan
Suggestions for Planning and Zoning in Appalachia
Get PDFExcerpts from the report Summary: Seventeen of the more populous counties in the Appalachian Region have passed zoning ordinances. Some townships in Pennsylvania and a few in Ohio also have zoning ordinances. In North Carolina, most cities with a population of 5,000 or more and many smaller ones have zoned areas extending 1 mile outside their corporate limits. Except for a few open country zones, including agricultural, conservation, and flood plain zones, urban-type districts were usually established. Local governments look to their State legislatures for authority to zone. Zoning powers have been granted all counties in the 11 Appalachian States, except Alabama and the Carolinas, where only selected counties may zone. The zoning enabling statutes which grant zoning powers designate the areas that may be zoned and the kinds of zoning regulations that may be adopted by local governments. The local governments may exercise all of the powers granted, some of them, or none at all. Rural planning and zoning in Appalachia might be designed to do several things: To foster restoration and economic use of reclaimed mined areas, to facilitate the blocking up of forest areas, to guide summer home seekers to areas where public services can be economically provided, to protect existing and potential water-oriented and forest-oriented recreation areas, to prevent waste of tax money as a result of the construction of excess roads, sewers, water mains, and other service facilities, to guide suburban encroachment into rural areas, and to protect roadsides from distracting clutter
Comprehensive Plans for Improving Rural Counties
Get PDFExcerpt from the report: For many rural counties, now is the time to prepare a comprehensive plan—an overall pattern of development. A comprehensive plan shows how a county can best use what it has, to become the kind of place it wants to be. It specifies how present and future improvements and uses of land and other natural resources should be related. It is a guide to both public and private development activities
Talks on Rural Zoning
Get PDFExcerpts: This is a series of talks on rural zoning made by Erling D. Solberg, Farm Economics Research Division, Agricultural Research Service, between 1951 and 1959. Most of the talks have been quoted from or cited in zoning, planning, and economic literature. Although each talk deals with rural zoning, the contents of the talks differ. Each speech was a vehicle for developing a different aspect of zoning. For example, in the first, Rural Zoning, Present and Future (page 3), the functional and geographic scope of zoning authority and of zoning regulations in unincorporated areas were discussed, and some emerging land use problems were examined. Then came such talks as Roadside Zoning (page 14), to assure safer and more efficient highways; Rural Zoning Tools and Objectives (page 26), in which was discussed pioneer zoning in the cutover counties of Wisconsin, and later zoning to protect farming areas; Shall Our Better Soils Grow Crops or Houses (page 39), which depicted the loss to agriculture of the more fertile lands on an expanding urban fringe; Some Limitations and Possibilities of Rural Zoning (page 42), Some Agricultural Zoning Problems (page 47), in which were discussed the obstacles that prevent a wider and more effective use of zoning tools for the protection of agriculture; and Cities and Farms, Side by Side (page 52), which debated the advisability of reserving our more productive soils to meet probable future food and fiber needs, described the incidence of benefits from such reservation, and suggested several protective measures. The more recent talks were concerned with Reshaping Zoning Tools to Serve Agriculture, (page 65), with the idea of making them more effective for agriculture, including avoidance of urban-agricultural land use conflicts; Zoning of Prospective Land Use Areas (page 72), which discussed urban- agricultural conflicts and remedial zoning measures from the viewpoint of the suburbanite; and Farmers Too Can Benefit From Zoning (page 84), in which the use of old and new zoning tools for the protection of agriculture, with special reference to the exploding urban fringe, was outlined
The Why and How of Rural Zoning
Get PDFThis bulletin describes the various kinds of rural zoning regulations that can be used, how they are to be used, their purposes, and the benefits to the community and its people that will result from their use. It is intended to present an overall picture of the progress of zoning in the United States and of the problems and steps involved in zoning
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