110 research outputs found
Inovasi sebagai referensi : tiga tahun otonomi daerah/ Wawan Sobari (et al)
No full textxix, 179 hal.: tab.; 23 cm
Politically equal but still underrepresented: women and local democratic politics in Indonesia
No full textThe Practice of Political Entrepreneurship in a Rural Javanese Village
Get PDFThis qualitative case study aims to explore the practice of political entrepreneurship in a rural Javanese village. Political entrepreneurship is dictated by the special interest of political entrepreneurs, incentives gained from the political system, and awareness about targeting the change of political institution, an explanation theorized by McCaffrey and Salerno (2011). Unlike the theory, this study assesses the importance of cultural explanation of political entrepreneurship which provides room in an academic discussion. The study reveals the role of Javanese (and Islam) values in encouraging the political entrepreneurship of a village head. Philosophical values of Javanese leadership promoting an exemplary leader (ing ngarso sung tulodo) and leadership behavior that is andap asor (humble) have favored public acceptance of the practice of political entrepreneurship. Furthermore, the doctrine (akhlak) and practices of Islamic rituals by the village head explain the direction of political entrepreneurship. This study discovers also the concept of ‘sungkan’ demonstrated in respect for the performance of the village head. Moreover, the ability to provide solutions to villagers’ problems practiced through suwuk and petungan add gratitude for the village head. Leadership behavior adhering to these cultural and religious values directly or indirectly induced a ‘sungkan’ effect in a reelection bid (the 2013 Village Election). ‘Sungkan’, which is equal to electoral accountability, explicates the outcome of political entrepreneurship for the electoral process in the village that were relatively clean from vote-buying. Lastly, the casework expands political entrepreneurship theory, indeed, cultural and religious values can also drive the practice of political entrepreneurship
Southeast Asian Studies, vol. 5, no. 2 (août 2016)
No full textSommaire History Reformatted: Vietnam’s Great Famine (1944–45) in Archival Form by Ken MacLean The Irony of Democratization and the Decline of Royal Hegemony in Thailand by Kasian Tejapira Anut Grubyuk in the Voting Process: The Neglected Explanation of Javanese Voters (Preliminary Findings) by Wawan Sobari Philanthropy and “Muslim Citizenship” in Post-Suharto Indonesia by Hilman Latief Kuo Pao Kun’s Zheng He Legend and Multicultural Encounters in Singapore by Rachel Leng No R..
<b>ANALISIS </b><b>INSTITUSIONALISME BARU DALAM ILMU POLITIK </b>
No full textWawan SobariAnalisis Institusionalisme Baru Dalam Ilmu PolitikInstitusi merupakan pusat perhatian analisis politik. Setiap hari kita berhadapan dengan institusi. Sejak lahir warga berhubungan dengan institusi untuk mencatatkan kelahirannya dan mendapatkan akta catatan sipil. Saat meninggal, setiap warga harus mendapat surat pengakuan kematian dari institusi yang mengeluarkan akta kematian. Namun, institusi tidak sebatas lembaga formal, seperti pemerintah, negara, instansi pemerintah dan negara, dan segala aturan yang dibuat untuk mengatur dan melayani masyarakat. Institusi juga meliputi norma, nilai, dan praktik nyata yang berlaku dan berjalan di masyarakat dan berpengaruh mengarahkan tindakan politik warga (langsung atau tidak) dan melahirkan dampak politik. Inilah fondasi institusionalisme baru yang berusaha melengkapi pandangan institusionalisme lama. Institusi meliputi lembaga formal dan informal yang bisa secara bersamaan atau mandiri mengarahkan tindakan politik warga dan dampak politiknya.Selain itu, narasi (narrative) kemudian memperkaya pemahaman tentang institusi, terutama pada era komunikasi digital. Praktik pembingkaian narasi (framing) kepada publik bisa mengarahkan tindakan dan dampak politik. Narasi menjadi instrumen yang massif dan beragam digunakan untuk saling mempersuasi, membingkai, dan mengarahkan tindakan politik tertentu. Narasi menjadi institusi utama politik digital.Semakin beragamnya mode institusi merupakan keniscayaan dalam kajian empirik Ilmu Politik. Bukti-bukti ilmiah keberadaan dan cara kerja institusi menjadi perhatian utama buku ini, khususnya pada upaya melakukan analisis berdasarkan pandangan institusionalisme baru. Buku ini hadir dengan tujuan membantu para analis, ilmuwan, praktisi, dan mahasiswa studi-studi institusi untuk mengetahui, memahami, memetakan, dan menguji institusi dan relevansinya terhadap kehidupan politik dan bernegara.Terpenting, buku ini menjelaskan prinsip-prinsip institusionalisme baru yang menjadi landasan analisis institusional. Prinsip tersebut menjadi fondasi untuk menggagas pola sederhana analisis institusional yang terdiri dari enam langkah, yaitu: 1) identifikasi mode institusi; 2) identifikasi aktor utama dan pendukung; 3) analisis peraturan dan norma yang mengatur lembaga; 4) analisis proses pembuatan keputusan; 5) analisis insentif bagi para aktor; 6) analisis dampak pengaturan kelembagaan. Pola analisis ini tidak bersifat baku dan kaku, para analis bisa melakukan tambahan atau pengurangan langkah analisis tersebut sesuai konteks institusi yang dianalisis.Wawan SobariAnalysis of New Institutionalism in Political ScienceInstitutions are the center of attention in political analysis. Every day we deal with institutions. Since birth, citizens have been in contact with institutions to register their births and obtain civil registration certificates. When they die, every citizen must receive a death acknowledgment letter from the institution that issued the death certificate. However, institutions are not limited to formal institutions, such as the government, state, government agencies, and the state, and all the rules made to regulate and serve society. Institutions also include real norms, values, and practices that apply and operate in society and have an influence on directing citizens' political actions (directly or indirectly) and giving rise to political impacts. This is the foundation of new institutionalism which seeks to complement the views of old institutionalism. Institutions include formal and informal institutions that can simultaneously or independently direct citizens' political actions and their political impacts.Apart from that, narratives then enrich the understanding of institutions, especially in the era of digital communication. The practice of framing narratives to the public can direct political actions and impacts. The narrative becomes a massive and diverse instrument used to persuade, frame, and direct certain political actions. A narrative has become a key institution of digital politics.The increasing diversity of institutional modes is a necessity in the empirical study of Political Science. Scientific evidence of the existence and workings of institutions is the main concern of this book, especially in efforts to carry out analysis based on the view of new institutionalism. This book exists to help analysts, scientists, practitioners, and students of institutional studies to know, understand, map, and test institutions and their relevance to political and state life.Most importantly, this book explains the principles of new institutionalism that form the basis of institutional analysis. This principle is the foundation for initiating a simple pattern of institutional analysis which consists of six steps, namely: 1) identification of institutional modes; 2) identification of main and supporting actors; 3) analysis of regulations and norms governing the institution; 4) analysis of the decision-making process; 5) analysis of incentives for actors; 6) analysis of the impact of institutional arrangements. This analysis pattern is not standard and rigid, analysts can add or subtract analysis steps according to the context of the institution being analyzed.</p
Motivasi Sebagai Reverensi ; Tiga Tahun Otonomi Daerah dan Otonomi Award
No full textxx, 175 hal.; ill.; 25 cm
Reckoning Informal Politics: Expands the Logic of Survival and Failure of Regional Heads
No full textThe qualitative research addresses the political logic of why and how the incumbents succeed and fail in direct election for regional heads (pilkada) in emerging democratic Indonesia. De Mesquita et al. (2003) believe that, to survive in office, a leader needs to offer a benefit at least equal to the greatest possible benefit offered by a potential challenger. Particular to the pilkada cases in Indonesia, Erb and Sulistiyanto (2009) elaborate several factors connected to “reward and punishment” logic that may lead to the incumbents’ survival and failure in re-election bids. This study expands the logic by revealing that populism, rivalry, and tangibility are the core strategies for the successful incumbents in retaining their offices in four rural and urban regions in East Java. Particularly, the survival of an incumbent hinges on his capacity to manage rivalry risks, namely the capability to manage support and opposition both from formal and informal actors through fair or unfair means. These strategies, then, foster the success of patronage-based winning tactics to retain public office in the pilkada. To better assessment, it calls for the importance of democratic accountability as a complementary perspective (to consolidology) in measuring the progress of democracy in the country. </p
Politics Design: A Solution-Oriented Approach to Political Science
No full textPost-behavioralist critiques are a crucial foundation for changes in previous apolitical political research. Politics should be an academic instrument and a response to humanity’s challenges. Political design seeks to criticize the dominance of the logic of study that prioritizes analytical and objective methods. This study proposes political design as an alternative approach to Political Science, prioritizing creative and design thinking in addressing public problems. This paper identifies the shortcomings of conventional critical thinking approaches and introduces political design as a practical, solution-oriented method through a literature review method, specifically an integrative review. Politics has been redefined as an instrument for power solutions. This study highlights five core principles: promoting solutions for public problems, moving beyond theoretical frameworks to operational implementation, fostering innovation over ordinary resolutions, managing the interests of designers to protect public values, and grounding practice in the awareness of inherent power imbalances. The results present a synthesis of interdisciplinary literature that informs this new approach, while the conclusion discusses its potential contributions to Political Science
Reckoning Informal Politics: Expands the Logic of Survival and Failure of Regional Heads
No full text<p align="left">The qualitative research addresses the political logic of why and how the incumbents succeed and fail in direct election for regional heads (pilkada) in emerging democratic Indonesia. De Mesquita et al. (2003) believe that, to survive in office, a leader needs to offer a benefit at least equal to the greatest possible benefit offered by a potential challenger. Particular to the pilkada cases in Indonesia, Erb and Sulistiyanto (2009) elaborate several factors connected to “reward and punishment” logic that may lead to the incumbents’ survival and failure in re-election bids. This study expands the logic by revealing that populism, rivalry, and tangibility are the core strategies for the successful incumbents in retaining their offices in four rural and urban regions in East Java. Particularly, the survival of an incumbent hinges on his capacity to manage rivalry risks, namely the capability to manage support and opposition both from formal and informal actors through fair or unfair means. These strategies, then, foster the success of patronage-based winning tactics to retain public office in the pilkada. To better assessment, it calls for the importance of democratic accountability as a complementary perspective (to consolidology) in measuring the progress of democracy in the country. </p></jats:p
<Articles>Anut Grubyuk in the Voting Process: The Neglected Explanation of Javanese Voters (Preliminary Findings)
Get PDFThe "Javanese factor" is a strategic consideration in Indonesian electoral politics, as the Javanese are Indonesia's most numerous inhabitants. However, seminal masterpieces such as those by Geertz (1960) and Gaffar (1992) apply only a limited and individual-based voting approach in their efforts to explain Javanese voting behavior. Recent qualitative case studies explore anut grubyuk (fitting in) as a unique form of grouped rural Javanese voting behavior, rooted in the Javanese communal philosophy of life and hierarchical values. A study in four selected villages in Blitar and Trenggalek Regencies in East Java argues that individual Javanese voters adjust their voting decisions based on the major preference in their neighborhood, in keeping with the communal spirit of living in harmony as well as to avoid conflict and respect neighborly relationships. This article presents a preliminary assessment of anut grubyuk as group-oriented voting among the Javanese, a topic that has been relatively absent in academic discussion. Beyond cultural explanations, recent illiberal democratic practices have made anut grubyuk vulnerable to manipulation, since certain community leaders or brokers exploit Javanese communality in return for both individual and communal short-term benefits from candidates. Instead of helping with the growth of liberal democracy, anut grubyuk potentially supports patronage-driven democracy, in which small numbers of elites use patronage for influential control over electoral processes
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