Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik
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Chasing the Shadow of Green Energy Transition: Ineffective Policy Advocacy Towards Dieng 2 Geothermal Mining
No full textDespite the green energy transition efforts accelerating geothermal energy development, geothermal mining throughout Indonesia has encountered significant community resistance due to the detrimental environmental impacts. In Indonesia, the resistance movement that became the community’s tool for advocating policy failed to achieve its aims most of the time. Using the case study of geothermal mining in Dieng and its Dieng 2 expansion project, this study examines why community resistance as a means of policy advocacy remains ineffective in addressing community interests. Through field observations, semi-structured in-depth interviews, and a literature review, this study found that the key internal and external factors contributing to the ineffectiveness of policy advocacy are poor coalition solidity due to socio-economic dependency on the corporations, as well as an impaired democratic decision-making process. While other studies assume that community resistance emerges from shared values and interests, this study found that community resistance extends beyond the dichotomy of corporations against local communities, as the community itself cannot be considered a monolithic coalition with uniform beliefs or equal material interests. Blurring the dynamics inside a coalition can hinder what this study has found: the significance of the coalition's solidity for the success of community resistance
The Feminisation of Indonesia’s Political Parties: Toward Feminised Parties?
Full text linkThe political representation of women in the Indonesian parliament has increased since the implementation of the affirmation policy through quotas, although the number has not yet reached 30%. In addition, the percentage of women placed in the management structure of political parties has also increased. In addition, the percentage of women's candidacy in each election period also showed an increasing trend. This article aims to analyse the feminisation process that occurred in ten political parties in the Indonesian reform era using the model of party responsiveness introduced by Lisa Young. By using a qualitative approach, in which data were obtained from interviews, party statutes (AD/ART), and documents of the Special Committee for the 2017 Election Bill, it was found that the feminisation of political parties in Indonesia is divided into two categories, namely responsive and co-optive. The difference in the level of feminisation is due to differences in party responses to three things namely, the number of women in the party’s structure, quota rules, and party responses to pro-women policies. Based on the mapping of political parties in Indonesia using a model of party responsiveness, it can be said that political parties experience limited feminisation where only the representational dimension shows a high tendency. However, in the policy dimension, most parties have a negative response. Therefore, the feminisation that occurs is half-hearted
Rethinking Value-added Tax Policy on Domestic Wastewater Treatment Services in Indonesia
Full text linkThe provision of wastewater treatment services is crucial for protecting human health and maintaining clean water availability. This goal is also a key priority in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). However, the wastewater treatment sector in Indonesia is subject to Value-Added Tax (VAT), resulting in higher expenses for wastewater services, including the costs associated with tax collection. Excessive taxation, including VAT, might decrease the availability of domestic wastewater treatment services from the producers' side and restrict consumers' access to these services. Instead, tax policy should provide incentives for domestic wastewater services aiming to promote development. This study examines the adoption of a VAT policy for domestic wastewater treatment services in Indonesia, emphasising its effects on affordability and sustainability in domestic wastewater management and its policy alternatives. This study employs a qualitative approach. Field observations with in-depth interviews and Focus Group Discussions were conducted in several domestic wastewater treatment sites in DKI Jakarta, Medan, and Surakarta. These field observations were conducted to collect data and information about the business processes in the industries and taxation aspects, especially VAT that affects the industries. The results indicate that providing VAT facilities is crucial for advancing the SDGs program. The VAT facilities policy will result in more significant advantages for the government and society than the revenue forgone from the facilities. This study suggests that developing a policy regarding VAT facilities is essential for domestic wastewater treatment systems. The facilities should apply to services provided by local governments or private entities in collaboration with the government. This VAT incentive proposal is simplified due to its compliance with Article 4A paragraph (3) letter (m) of VAT Law No. 42 of 2009, recently amended by Law No. 7 of 2021. While this study has provided insights into the current situation, further studies need to be conducted to investigate VAT facilities' impact on producers and consumers in the wastewater treatment sector, including the multiplier effects of providing VAT incentives
Reclaiming an Anti-Tin Mining Territory: The Effectiveness of Formal Political Channels in East Belitung
Full text linkTin, a mineral abundant beneath the coastal waters of Bangka Belitung, has spurred large-scale mining expansion from land to the sea. This article investigates the phenomenon of “reclaiming an anti-mining territory” as a representation of the Belitung community’s resistance against tin mining expansion into the coastal sea of East Belitung. The article is the result of deep fieldwork conducted during 2017-2020, employing methods such as participant observation and in-depth interviews with PT Timah, district and provincial government, local academics, resistance groups, local CSOs, fishermen, maritime tourist entrepreneurs, and traditional miners. This study reveals the limitations of the common argument that often raises scepticism about the accommodation and effectiveness of formal political channels for civil society resistance during conflicts over the expansion of extractive industries. Through a case study of the successful community resistance in East Belitung against the expansion of coastal tin mining, this article demonstrates that under certain preconditions—specifically, when “anti-sea mining” becomes a popular electoral issue— two specific key conditions can enable formal political channels to be effective: the recentralisation of mining authority and the formation of alliances with political elites. The findings further illustrate that zoning regulations, which were established in response to grassroots aspirations, were adhered to by all stakeholders, including licensed mining companies. These findings also present an opportunity for sustainable natural resource governance reform, particularly in terms of civic engagement in natural resources management
Yudhoyono and Jokowi's Political Leadership in Indonesia: A Comparison of Vision, Communication, Longevity, and Election's Success
No full textThe study aims to assess the political leadership skills of President Yudhoyono and Jokowi in Indonesia from 2004 to 2023, utilising the leadership capital approach. The 'skills' of Yudhoyono and Jokowi's political leadership are examined in terms of their political/policy vision, communication performance, longevity, and re-election triumph. The research utilised primary data obtained through interviews with a select group of predetermined informants and secondary data sourced from news websites, books, and journals. This study reveals that President Yudhoyono's political/ policy vision is more robust and steadfast than President Jokowi's. Yudhoyono's political vision remained consistent and continuous during his first and second terms. However, Jokowi's political vision differed between his first and second terms. Additionally, it was discovered that the two Presidents' performances catered to distinct demographics. Yudhoyono's use of formal and structured language makes him more understandable to the upper-middle class. In contrast, Jokowi's colloquial and less structured vocabulary makes him more approachable to the general population from the lower-middle class. Both presidents were re-elected for two consecutive terms and significantly influenced their respective political parties in garnering the most votes. The Democratic Party's representation in the DPR RI grew by 13 per cent in the 2009 elections, compared to their representation in the parliamentary seats in the 2004 election. Similarly, the PDIP party achieved success in both the 2014 and 2019 Elections. The PDIP had a marginal 3 per cent increase in the number of seats obtained in the 2014 elections
Tracing the Evolution of Community Empowerment Models in Development Planning
No full textThis study examines community empowerment models in development planning to identify the most effective and relevant across various socio-political contexts. It examines central themes, research trends, and challenges in community empowerment through a systematic literature review and bibliometric analysis. The article search was conducted comprehensively using the Scopus database, focusing on publications from 2014 to 2024 to ensure a focus on the most recent developments in the field. The results indicate that the Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD), Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA), and Community-Led Development (CLD) models are the most effective approaches for empowering communities when supported by robust institutional frameworks and adapted to local contexts. This study also highlights the importance of institutional support and a deep understanding of external power structures in enhancing the resilience and sustainability of community empowerment initiatives. These findings suggest the need for further exploration of the interactions between these empowerment models and external factors, such as economic pressures and social hierarchies, to develop more adaptive and contextually appropriate strategies. Further research is also needed on the scalability and long- term sustainability of these models, particularly in diverse and evolving development settings, to ensure that community empowerment efforts can effectively address the complexities of modern development challenges
Philanthropy among the Poor: Social Welfare Insights from the Family Hope Program Beneficiaries in Indonesia
No full textTo address social welfare issues, governments require public participation through philanthropic activities. As philanthropy is often viewed as the domain of the wealthy, many studies focus on elite philanthropy, with only few examining the contributions of the poor. Despite their circumstances, people in poverty have the potential to engage in philanthropic activities. Recent research indicates that individuals experiencing poverty can indeed become philanthropists. This study gathered information from beneficiaries of the Family Hope Program (Program Keluarga Harapan, PKH), a social assistance initiative for poor households in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The findings reveal that philanthropic practices exist among the poor, albeit with distinct characteristics compared to those of the wealthy. Three key differences distinguish the philanthropy of the poor from that of the rich: form, motive, and effectiveness. Wealthy philanthropists typically donate substantial amounts of money or goods, whereas poor philanthropists offer a variety of contributions, including small amounts of money, goods, free assistance, lending household appliances, time, and even prayers. Many scholarly works show that wealthy individuals tend to engage in philanthropy during significant social welfare crises that attract public attention. In contrast, poor philanthropists are active whenever a community member faces social welfare issues. Instead of economic or political incentives, the motives for philanthropic activities among the poor stem from spiritual fervour and communal culture. Although the economic value of their contributions may be minimal, the philanthropy of low-income individuals effectively addresses welfare issues within their communities
Promises, Projects, and Power: Italy and Indonesia Elites in the Belt and Road Initiative
No full textThis research examines the political and economic dynamics of Italy and Indonesia in relation to their engagement with China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). Drawing from the theoretical tradition of state instrumentalism and recent conceptualisations of the “infrastructure state” as an emerging global phenomenon, we argue that initiatives such as the BRI do serve the purposes of political elites in both the developing and developed world. The comparative analysis between the two dissimilar countries, Italy and Indonesia, reveals the existence of a broader global trend. Both experience democratic backsliding while strategically engaging with the BRI to meet their infrastructural needs and political objectives. This study contributes to understanding how domestic political dynamics and external economic opportunities intersect in shaping the developmental trajectories of middle-power states within the global geopolitical landscape