31,986 research outputs found
The SoLid anti-neutrino detector's readout system
No full textThe SoLid collaboration have developed an intelligent readout system to reduce their 3200 silicon photomultiplier detector's data rate by a factor of 10000 whilst maintaining high efficiency for storing data from anti-neutrino interactions. The system employs an FPGA-level waveform characterisation to trigger on neutron signals. Following a trigger, data from a space time region of interest around the neutron will be read out using the IPbus protocol. In these proceedings the design of the readout system is explained and results showing the performance of a prototype version of the system are presented
The Structure of Scientific Collaboration Networks in Scientometrics
No full textThe structure of scientific collaboration networks in scientometrics was investigated at the level of individuals by using bibliographic data of all papers published in the international journal Scientometrics retrieved from the Science Citation Index (SCI) during 1978 to 2004. Combined analysis of social network analysis (SNA), co-occurrence analysis, cluster analysis and frequency analysis of words was explored to reveal: (1) The microstructure of the collaboration network on scientists’ aspects of scientometrics; (2) The major collaborative fields of the collaborative sub-networks; (3) The collaborative center of the collaboration network in scientometrics
Collaboration in Iranian Scientific Publications
No full textThis study looks at international collaboration in Iranian scientific publications through the ISI Science Citation Index® (SCI) for the years 1995-1999, inclusive. These results are compared to and contrasted with the earlier findings for the periods covering 1985-1994 (Osareh & Wilson 2000). The results of Iran's increasing productivity over a 15-year period are presented. Iran doubled its output in the first two five-year periods and increased 2.8-fold from the second to the third five-year period. The rise in Iran's scientific publication output is due mainly to factors such as the ending of the war, better economic conditions, recent changes in the Iranian government's policy, basic changes in the political environment brought about by the Reformers, expansion of the Iranian presses for national publications, and the recent return of a large number of students trained overseas through government scholarships. External changes also account for the increased productivity, e.g., the acceptance of three Iranian source journals by the SCI, increased access to international databases through the Internet and better electronic communication facilities for international collaboration. One of the most important and significant factors that caused this dramatic rise seems to be the government's research policies in the last few years. Since 1999, the Iran Science, Research and Technology Ministry, has encouraged researchers to publish their non-Farsi language articles in highly ranked international scientific journals, for example, by giving prizes to researchers who publish their articles in ISI-ranked journals
The methodological status of co-authorship networks
No full textA powerful strategy within the study of collaboration
in science is to posit that co-authorship patterns
represent social networks.
It is prerequisite to an application of Social
Network Analysis (SNA) to define the network
entities. A network analysis of the inter-institutional
collaboration in COLLNET on the basis
of co-authorships was conducted. The study reveals
that it is crucial whether the co-authorship
itself is seen as an author's relational property or
as a social event that brings the authors together.
The former possibility is represented by a onemode
network in which each author can be related
to each other author. Quite distinct from
that are two-mode networks, the latter approach.
They consist of two single data sets in which relations
are only possible between different sets.
Different modes of representations require
different network approaches. One is that co-authorship
networks are seen as one-mode networks,
which has the advantage of the application
of a variety of measures. In contrast, twomode
networks, the other option, cannot be analysed
by standard techniques but its distinctive
features demand a new conceptualisation of
measures. In conclusion, the two-mode perspective
is more promising because it allows a dual
perspective on collaboration in science which includes
researchers as well as their scientific output
Co-authorship Network of Scientometrics Research Collaboration
No full textThis paper examines the co-authorship network in the field of scientometrics using social network analysis techniques with the aim of developing an understanding of research collaboration in this scientific community. Using co-authorship data from 3125 articles published in the journal Scientometrics with a time span of more than three decades (1980-2012), we construct an evolving co-authorship network and calculate three centrality measures (closeness, betweenness, and degree) for 3024 authors, 1207 institutions, 68 countries and 22 academic fields in this network. This paper also discusses the usability of centrality measures in author ranking, and suggests that centrality measures can be useful indicators for impact analysis. Findings revealed that scientometrics was not dominated by a couple of key researchers as quite a significant number of popular researchers were identified. The United States occupies the topmost position in all measures except for degree centrality. The most active, central and collaborative academic discipline in scientometrics is Information & Library Science
The CCube reconstruction algorithm for the SoLid experiment
No full textThe SoLid experiment is a very-short-baseline experiment aimed at searching
for nuclear reactor-produced active to sterile antineutrino oscillations. The
detection principle is based on the pairing of two types of solid
scintillators: polyvinyl toluene and LiF:ZnS(Ag), which is a new technology
used in this field of Physics. In addition to good neutron-gamma
discrimination, this setup allows the detector to be highly segmented (the
basic detection unit is a 5 cm side cube). High segmentation provides numerous
advantages, including the precise location of Inverse Beta Decay (IBD)
products, the derivation of the considerate antineutrino energy estimator, and
a powerful background reduction tool based on the topological signature of the
signal. Finally, the system is read out by a network of wavelength-shifting
fibres coupled to a photodetector (MPPC). This paper describes the design of
the reconstruction algorithm that allows maximum use of the granularity of the
detector. The goal of the algorithm is to convert the output of the
optical-fibre readout to the list of the detection units from which it
originated. This paper provides a performance comparison for three methods and
concludes with a choice of the baseline approach for the experiment.Comment: 23 pages, 9 figure
Identification of Background Components with the SoLid anti-Neutrino Detector
No full textAbstract: The SoLid experiment aims to measure the anti-neutrino energy spectrum 5.5-10m from the core of the BR2 nuclear reactor at SCK.CEN in Mol, Belgium. The goal is to provide the most sensitive search for short-baseline neutrino oscillations and to resolve the reactor neutrino anomaly. In fact, the proposed detector technology will be very useful for anti-neutrino detection in other settings as well, such as nuclear safeguard and non-proliferation monitoring of nuclear reactors. The experiment utilizes a novel, highly segmented composite scintillator detector. The detector unit is based on 5 cm polyvinyl toluene scintillator cubes, thin neutron sensitive (LiF)-Li-6:ZnS(Ag) sheets and a reflective Tyvek layer wrapping them for light tight. The first full-scale 288 kg detector prototype based on this technology was deployed at the BR2 reactor in November 2014. The main purpose was to study the capability of the detector design to discriminate background. Due to the low overburden and proximity to a nuclear reactor, efficient background reduction is crucial for a successful experiment. This work presents the advantages of the SoLid detector design for background reduction. The background components discussed in this proceeding are focused on the atmospheric and spallation neutrons induced by cosmic rays. The results are based on a full chain Geant4 based Monte Carlo simulations of the first full-scale Solid prototype detector, and when applicable, also their comparison with measured data
SoLid : an innovative anti-neutrino detector for searching oscillations at the SCKoCEN BR2 reactor
No full textAbstract: The SoLid experiment intends to search for active-to-sterile anti-neutrino oscillations at a very short baseline from the SCK center dot CEN BR2 research reactor (Mol, Belgium). A novel detector approach to measure reactor anti-neutrinos was developed based on an innovative sandwich of composite polyvinyl-toluene and (LiF)-Li-6:ZnS(Ag) scintillators. The system is highly segmented and read out by a network of wavelength shifting fibers and SiPM. High experimental sensitivity can be achieved compared to other standard technologies thanks to the combination of high granularity, good neutron gamma discrimination using (LiF)-Li-6:ZnS(Ag) scintillator and precise localisation of the Inverse Beta Decay products. This technology can be considered as a new generation of an anti-neutrino detector. This compact system regbires limited passive shielding and relies on spatial topology to determine the different classes of backgrounds. We will describe the principle of detection and the detector design. Particular focus on the neutron discrimination will be made, as well as on the capability to use cosmic moons for channel equalisation and energy calibration. The performance of the first 288 kg SoLid module (SM1), based on the data taken at BR2 from February to September 2015, will be presented. We will conclude with the next phase, which will start in 2016, and the future plans of the experiment. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Engineering collaboration tools selection for the Woods Equipment Company
No full textPlan BWith Corporate America's consolidating efforts of bringing together organizations through takeovers, mergers and buyouts, more and more corporations are investing in ways to share information between different locations. Headquartered in Rockford, Illinois, the Woods Equipment Company is comprised of divisions in nine separate locations. The problem of this study is to select engineering collaboration tools for the Woods Equipment Company to increase cooperative exchange of resources, information and ideas among a team of colleagues focused on engineering projects. This research is directed towards helping Woods search through the maze of collaboration tools available in the market today and make the best possible selection for its needs. A variety of collaboration tools have been considered ranging from telecommunication, email, group ware, data conferencing, application sharing, video conferencing and shared 3D virtual reality
Measuring author influence in scientific collaboration networks
No full text
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to measure author influence in scientific collaboration networks by considering the combined effects of multiple indexes. In the meanwhile, we intend to explore a method to avoid assigning subjective weights.
Design/methodology/approach: We applied four centrality measures (degree centrality, betweenness centrality, closeness centrality and eigenvector centrality) and authors' published papers to the scientific collaboration network. The grey relational analysis (GRA) method based on information entropy was used to measure an author's impact in the collaboration network. The weight of each evaluation index was determined based on information entropy. The ACM SIGKDD collaboration network was selected as an example to demonstrate the practicality and effectiveness of our method.
Findings: Author influence was not always positively correlated with evaluation indexes such as degree centrality and betweenness centrality. This implies that combined effects of multiple indexes should be considered in author impact analysis. The introduction of the GRA method based on information entropy can reduce the interference of human factors in the evaluation process.
Research limitations: We only analyzed author influence from the perspective of scientific collaboration, but the impact of citation on author influence was ignored.
Practical implications: The proposed method can be also applied to detect influential authors in bibliographic co-citation network, author co-citation network, bibliographic coupling network or author coupling network. It would help facilitate scientific collaboration and enhance scholarly communication.
Originality/value: This paper proposes an analytical method of evaluating author influence in scientific collaboration networks, in which combined effects of multiple indexes are considered and the interference of human factors is reduced in the evaluation process.
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to measure author influence in scientific collaboration networks by considering the combined effects of multiple indexes. In the meanwhile, we intend to explore a method to avoid assigning subjective weights.
Design/methodology/approach: We applied four centrality measures (degree centrality, betweenness centrality, closeness centrality and eigenvector centrality) and authors' published papers to the scientific collaboration network. The grey relational analysis (GRA) method based on information entropy was used to measure an author's impact in the collaboration network. The weight of each evaluation index was determined based on information entropy. The ACM SIGKDD collaboration network was selected as an example to demonstrate the practicality and effectiveness of our method.
Findings: Author influence was not always positively correlated with evaluation indexes such as degree centrality and betweenness centrality. This implies that combined effects of multiple indexes should be considered in author impact analysis. The introduction of the GRA method based on information entropy can reduce the interference of human factors in the evaluation process.
Research limitations: We only analyzed author influence from the perspective of scientific collaboration, but the impact of citation on author influence was ignored.
Practical implications: The proposed method can be also applied to detect influential authors in bibliographic co-citation network, author co-citation network, bibliographic coupling network or author coupling network. It would help facilitate scientific collaboration and enhance scholarly communication.
Originality/value: This paper proposes an analytical method of evaluating author influence in scientific collaboration networks, in which combined effects of multiple indexes are considered and the interference of human factors is reduced in the evaluation process.</div
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