131,263 research outputs found
A Global Compact to End Poverty
No full textBrian Snowdon presents the text of a two-hour interview conducted with Jeffrey D. Sachs of Columbia University—a wide-ranging discussion relating to Professor Sachs’s work over the past thirty years on macroeconomic stabilisation, the economics of transition, and several important issues in the field of international economic development. First, Snowdon provides some background to the debate relating to Professor Sachs’s most recent work that has helped focus international attention on the growth tragedy of sub-Saharan Africa. This key humanitarian issue has received enormous coverage in the media throughout 2005 and has been highlighted in particular at the G8 meetings in Gleneagles and worldwide Live 8 Concerts in July 2005, and the UN World Summit in September.
The New Classical Counter-Revolution: False Path or Illuminating Complement?
No full textIn this paper the author responds to Laurence Seidman’s recent article, ‘The New Classical Counter-Revolution: A False Path for Macroeconomics’. The author challenges the view that new classical macroeconomics has been a false path and provides a critique of Seidman’s arguments with respect to his interpretation of the 1970s ‘stagflation’, the relevance of new classical macroeconomics for practical policymaking, the contribution of real business cycle theory, and the new classical content of contemporary macroeconomic textbooks. The author concludes that the new classical counter-revolution has had an extremely productive influence on the current mainstream new neoclassical synthesis framework.
Histogram of confidences for person detection
No full textThis paper focuses on the problem of person detection in harsh industrial environments. Different image regions often have different requirements for the person to be detected. Additionally, as the environment can change on a frame to frame basis even previously detected people can fail to be found. In our work we adapt a previously trained classifier to improve its performance in the industrial environment. The classifier output is initially used an image descriptor. Structure from the descriptor history is learned using semi-supervised learning to boost overall performance. In comparison with two state of the art person detectors we see gains of 10%. Our approach is generally applicable to pretrained classifiers which can then be specialised for a specific scen
MeSH term explosion and author rank improve expert recommendations
No full textInformation overload is an often-cited phenomenon that reduces the productivity, efficiency and efficacy of scientists. One challenge for scientists is to find appropriate collaborators in their research. The literature describes various solutions to the problem of expertise location, but most current approaches do not appear to be very suitable for expert recommendations in biomedical research. In this study, we present the development and initial evaluation of a vector space model-based algorithm to calculate researcher similarity using four inputs: 1) MeSH terms of publications; 2) MeSH terms and author rank; 3) exploded MeSH terms; and 4) exploded MeSH terms and author rank. We developed and evaluated the algorithm using a data set of 17,525 authors and their 22,542 papers. On average, our algorithms correctly predicted 2.5 of the top 5/10 coauthors of individual scientists. Exploded MeSH and author rank outperformed all other algorithms in accuracy, followed closely by MeSH and author rank. Our results show that the accuracy of MeSH term-based matching can be enhanced with other metadata such as author rank
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Marketing and clinical trials : a case study
No full textBackground: Publicly funded clinical trials require a substantial commitment of time and money. To ensure that sufficient numbers of patients are recruited it is essential that they address important questions in a rigorous manner and are managed well, adopting effective marketing strategies. Methods: Using methods of analysis drawn from management studies, this paper presents a structured assessment framework or reference model, derived from a case analysis of the MRC's CRASH trial, of 12 factors that may affect the success of the marketing and sales activities associated with clinical trials. Results: The case study demonstrates that trials need various categories of people to buy in – hence, to be successful, trialists must embrace marketing strategies to some extent. Conclusion: The performance of future clinical trials could be enhanced if trialists routinely considered these factors.We would like to thank the National Co-ordinating Centre for Research Methodology for commissioning this research; the MRC and the DH for providing funding; and the CRASH trial team. The Health Services Research Unit is funded by the Chief Scientist Office of the Scottish Executive Health Department. The views expressed are not necessarily those of the funders and the funders had no involvement in the study.Peer reviewedPublisher PD
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
No full textBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
Comments on, Scaled Random Number Simulation of High Correlation Coeffieients for Gasoline Range Compound Concentrations (unpublished results), disclosed in EarthArXiv, 5 April, 2019, by Lloyd R. Snowdon.
No full textThe paper comments on disclosure EarthArXiv 5 April, 2019 by L. R. Snowdon discounting correlations between light hydrocarbons suggesting steady-state catalysis in the origin of petroleum. The correlations are shown to be valid and Snowdon's arguments not relevant
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