1,720,955 research outputs found
The role of sexual practice in shaping perception of consent and cue interpretation
No full textDetermining whether an individual wants to engage in sexual activity is an essential skill. For most, consent is learned from several common sources like sex education, media, close others, and the internet. However, these sources can be ambiguous, lacking, or absent leading to knowledge gaps and potentially inadequate acquisition or performance of this essential skill. In contrast, among BDSM communities, consent has been described as a central construct where members of these communities have opportunities to experience consent as more affirmative, less taboo, more progressive, and grounded in mutual respect. Scholars have argued that BDSM conceptions of consent may be valuable to improving practices in conventional sexual cultures. The current project examines whether individuals with experience in BDSM cultures exhibit more effective recognition of consent cues relative to individuals with experience only in conventional sexual cultures. Members of both groups were recruited to read through sexual encounter scenarios that varied in their consensuality, and to indicate and discuss all relevant cues. We expected BDSM members would identify more cues, especially implicit ones, and might also identify cues earlier in the scenarios as relevant. We describe trends in participants rated consensuality and cue identification and discuss noteworthy observations from their open- ended discussion of both scenarios. In addition, we present considerations and challenges for recruiting participants from special populations, especially during a pandemic. Consent is multi- dimensional and contextualized. In our discussion, we emphasize that consent is perceived in a variety of ways, and this varies across both domains examined in this study.
Department: Psychology
Faculty Mentor: Dr. Aimee Sky
Comparing the Role of Sexual Practice in Shaping Perception of Consent and Cue Interpretation
No full textDetermining whether an individual wants to engage in sexual activity is an essential skill. However, research has indicated that consent information from common sources like sex education, media, close others, and the internet can be ambiguous, lacking or absent. These gaps could lead to underperforming this essential skill. In contrast, research has found that consent is central in BDSM cultures, where opportunities exist to experience consent as more affirmative, less taboo, more practical, more progressive, and more grounded in mutual respect. Scholars have argued that BDSM conceptions of consent may be valuable to improving practices in conventional sexual cultures. The research proposed here will examine whether more sophisticated conceptions of consent in BDSM relative to conventional sexual cultures produces more effective recognition of consent cues. Members of both cultures will be recruited to read through sexual encounter scenarios that vary in their consensuality, and to indicate and discuss all relevant cues. We expect BDSM members will highlight more cues, even implicit ones, and will do so earlier in scenarios. Efficient interpretation of signals is a critical part of regulating one’s behaviour with regard to a partner during sexual activity. If BDSM conceptions of consent enhance this ability, our work would suggest how incorporating those conceptions of consent into conventional cultures could improve consent awareness and practice.
Department: Psychology
Faculty Mentor: Dr. Aimee Sky
Examining the Effect of Mask Use on Speech and Face Perception
No full textFacial perception has become increasingly challenging due to the Covid-19 pandemic. Research has demonstrated that facial expressions are one of the most important factors when examining human communication. However, the use of masks has obstructed one of the most communicative aspects of human beings. Research on speech perception has demonstrated that most individuals rely on the use of the eyes and mouth when using the face for communicative purposes. Facial movement and expression also provide visual stimuli to assist individuals when interpreting speech, however these aspects are most utilized when the mouth is not obstructed. Research has demonstrated that preventing visualization of the bottom half the face forces humans to rely on the visual structures that are not masked, such as the eyes, and forehead. The continuous use of masks in our everyday life may have increased our ability to interpret speech without being able to perceive the bottom half of faces. In other words, having to communicate on a regular basis with people wearing masks, might have forced us to be more sensitive to the eyes and prosody of the face and head. Our study aims to examine how masks affect speech and facial perception due to the constant use of masks. The presented study will highlight whether or not individuals have improved their ability to understand verbal stimuli presented from a masked face.
Department: Psychology
Faculty Mentor: Dr. Michelle Jaric
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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