1,721,036 research outputs found
Exact conditional tests for incomplete contingency tables: estimating attained significance levels
No full textA Monte Carlo exact conditional test of quasi-independence in two-way incomplete contingency tables is proposed. The null distribution of a random table under quasiindependence is derived. This distribution depends only on the counts in the cells of interest and not on the counts in the remaining cells. This result is used to improve the efficiency of a proposed simulate-and-reject Monte Carlo procedure for estimating the attained significance level
Labeling, selection, and feature checking
No full textIn this paper, I sketch the outlines of an approach to labeling, selection and feature checking that brings minimalist syntax closer to categorial grammar. The central idea is that the distribution of every syntactic element is fully determined by the unordered set of its independent and dependent formal features. Upon merger, every feature on both of the merged elements percolates, unless an independent feature [F] and a dependent feature [uF] stand in a sisterhood relation; then, neither of these two features percolate. This provides a proper labeling algorithm that can also account for the labeling of adjunction. The proposal further reinstalls c-selection and explains the effects traditionally attributed to structural case in terms of DP-selection. It also reduces the set of categorial features to a few primitive independent features ([D], [T], [Pred]). In the final part of this paper, it is discussed how this proposal relates to, or even derives, syntactic operations, such as Agree, movement or valuation
Selecting and fitting graphical chain models to longitudinal data
No full textThe aim of this paper is to demonstrate how graphical chain models can be used as effective tools in life course research focusing in particular on models for longitudinal prospective data. The substantive research question focuses on whether young motherhood is a pathway through which socio-economic disadvantage in childhood is related to poor self-reported health in adulthood among the 1970 British birth cohort. By breaking down large multivariate systems into simpler more tractable subcomponents and analysing them via local regressions, graphical models helps the understanding of complicated life course processes, show the intermediate relationships between predictors, and aid the understanding of the mechanisms through which potential confounding and mediating factors affect the outcome of interest
Correlates of record linkage and estimating risks of non-linkage biases in business datasets
No full textResearchers often utilise datasets that link information from multiple sources, but non-linkage biases caused by linked and non-linked subject differences are little understood, especially in business datasets. We address these knowledge gaps by studying biases in linkable 2010 UK Small Business Survey datasets. We identify correlates of business linkage propensity, and also for the first time its components: consent to linkage and register identifier appendability. As well, we take a novel approach to evaluating non-linkage bias risks, by computing dataset representativeness indicators (comparable, decomposable sample-subset similarity measures). We find that the main impacts on linkage propensities and bias risks are due to consenter / non-consenter differences explicable given business survey response processes, and differences between subjects with and without identifiers caused by register under-coverage of very small businesses. We then discuss consequences for the analysis of linked business datasets, and implications of the evaluation methods we introduce for linked dataset producers and users
Meaningful regression and association models for clustered ordinal data
No full textMany proposed methods for analyzing clustered ordinal data focus on the regression model and consider the association structure within a cluster as a nuisance. However, often the association structure is of equal interest, for example, temporal association in longitudinal studies and association between responses to similar questions in a survey. We discuss the use, appropriateness and interpretability of various latent variable and Markov models for the association structure and propose a new structure that exploits the ordinality of the response. The models are illustrated with a study concerning opinions regarding government spending and an analysis of stability and change in teenage marijuana use over time, where we reveal different behavioral patterns for boys and girls through a comprehensive investigation of individual response profiles
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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