1,721,753 research outputs found
Homelessness: associations between childhood adversity, attachment, impulsivity and maladaptive behaviours
No full textThere are two sections to this thesis submission. The first is a systematic review exploring attachment styles within the homeless population and the role these play in the development of a variety of maladaptive behaviours. Following an extensive search of the literature, a total of 10 papers met inclusion criteria and underwent quality assessment and review. Whilst measures used to assess attachment and maladaptive behaviour varied greatly, high rates of insecure attachment and maladaptive behaviours were found within this population. Furthermore, the results suggest a significant relationship between insecure attachment and maladaptive behaviours, namely substance abuse, aggression and suicidal ideation. However, given the current paucity of papers within this field, the need for future research is discussed.The second section sought to further investigate the prevalence of insecure attachment within the homeless population and explore its relationship with factors implicated in the development of homelessness, namely childhood adversity and impulsivity. Using a cross-sectional design, eighty-three homeless adults were recruited and completed self-report measures of childhood adversity, attachment and impulsivity. As anticipated, predicted associations were found between childhood adversity and insecure attachment, namely insecure-anxious and disorganised. However, such associations were not found for insecure-avoidant attachment. Furthermore, whilst an association was found between insecure-avoidant attachment and impulsivity, no significant associations were found between impulsivity and childhood adversity nor either of the other insecure attachment styles. Clinical implications and suggestions for future research are discussed in light of these findings
Bernice Zamora
Full text linkBlevins, T.J.; Smith, Stephanie; Smith, James; Boyd, Christal. (2004). Bernice Zamora. Retrieved from the University Digital Conservancy, https://hdl.handle.net/11299/166368
Race, class, and early childhood education: a comparison of two different Chicago preschools
No full textWhile it is becoming increasingly recognized that early childhood education is a valuable part of the educational process, the methods used to teach young children are often ignored by government agencies and researchers touting the value of prekindergarten
programs. Although reforms may dictate that early childhood programs be more available to all children, the programs created to address low-income communities are often different than those in more affluent communities. Just as pedagogy differs
between affluent and low-income elementary and secondary schools, the pedagogy in low-income and affluent preschools is dissimilar. However, the work of some educational scholars suggests that low-income children—especially low-income minority children—require a more structured and directed pedagogy than their more affluent white peers. This is a duel case study of two schools using differing pedagogical approaches for low-income minority children, one progressive (Malaguzzi) and one traditional
(Woodlawn). Using a Bernsteinian theoretical framework, this study compares of two Head Start centers in high-minority Chicago neighborhoods to examine the effects of different pedagogic practices on the development of cognitive and non-cognitive skills of
young children. The study was conduced over a five month period in included observation of two classrooms (four classrooms) at each site, teacher and parent interviews, photo documentation, and pre and post testing of children. Pre and post testing showed that students at Malaguzzi had twice the level of
academic growth as students at Woodlawn. Observational data showed more consistent
academic growth at Malaguzzi than Woodlawn across more developmental areas. Children at both sites showed growth in pre-literacy and social/emotional skills, but the children at Malaguzzi also showed growth in problem solving and imagination—skills
that aid in abstract thought. Additionally, children at Malaguzzi were better behaved, having better internalized classrooms rules and expectations. While further study is needed on a broader scale, results from this study suggest that progressive early education programs have the potential to better prepare children for elementary school. Improved kindergarten preparation among low-income minority
children is an important step in closing the educational achievement gap. Child-directed progressive programs may better close the gap than teacher-directed traditional programs.Ph.D.Includes bibliographical referencesIncludes vitaby Stephanie C. Smit
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Single-layer decoupling networks for large circulant symmetric arrays
No full textIn this paper, the authors propose a new structure for the decoupling of circulant symmetric arrays of more than four elements. In this case, network element values are again obtained through a process of repeated eigenmode decoupling, here by solving sets of nonlinear equations. However, the resulting circuit is much simpler and can be implemented on a single layer. The corresponding circuit topology for the 6-element array is displayed in figure diagrams. The procedure will be illustrated by considering different examples
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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