856,740 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Small and medium-size enterprises in economic development : possiblities for research and policy
No full textThe World Bank's most important long-term advantage in promoting development, says the author, may lie in opportunities to address related obstacles simultaneously. It could mount concurrent efforts to address the problems of small and medium-size enterprises in a particular sector, region, or economy, for example. It could address the conditions of founding new firms, providing finance or technical assistance, developing mutual support institutions, resolving disputes, and perhaps reducing counterproductive government interventions. Were the Bank to follow such a coordinated approach, programs could be designed to generate data to illuminate the impacts and interactions of various elements of policy. These data could be exploited, then, in research designs, or even the design of management information systems, shaped by program evaluation. The author proposes four general issues for research (plus a series of topics for each issue). (1) Can Bank initiatives involving small and medium-size enterprises in developing countries facilitate the entry of these enterprises into similar learning relationships with other firms - foreign firms, larger firms in their own countries, or each other? (2) The economic significance of high"turbulence"(entry and exit rates) in small-firm populations is poorly understood. The fact of high turbulence is well-documented in industrial countries; it is not for developing countries, but available data suggest a broadly similar pattern. Are high failure rates for small businesses symptomatic of an important shortcoming in the system of economic organization itself? Or should the unit of analysis be the enterprise, the entrepreneur, or the entrepreneur's family? (3) Is the apparent trend favoring a larger economic role for smaller production units autonomous rather than induced by other changes? Does it depend on general operating factors such as the declining costs of communication and computation? (4) The rate of learning by a small firm may depend on the nature of its transacting partner. Certain multinational enterprises make good teachers, for example, but certain local labor markets or markets for consumer goods and services may not be well-positioned for relevant learning. They may learn well how to adjust to local circumstances but not to the international diffusion of technology and ways of organizing (the main source of hope for developing countries). Perhaps Bank policy should be more concerned with transaction patterns.General Technology,Environmental Economics&Policies,Decentralization,ICT Policy and Strategies,Small and Medium Size Enterprises,Environmental Economics&Policies,General Technology,Small and Medium Size Enterprises,ICT Policy and Strategies,Small Scale Enterprise
'Synthetic' Large Scale Motions Organize Small Scale Motions in the Turbulent Boundary Layer
No full textThe relationship between large- and small-scale motions in a non-equilibrium turbulent boundary layer was studied experimentally. A zero-pressure-gradient flat plate turbulent boundary layer was perturbed by a short array of two-dimensional roughness elements, both statically and under dynamic actuation. The dynamic forcing generated a `synthetic' very-large-scale motion (VLSM) within the flow which was observed by phase-locked flow measurements. The phase-relationship between both synthetic and natural VLSMs and the small scale motions within the boundary layer was studied by cross-correlation and cospectral techniques, to reveal an organizing effect of the artificial VLSM on smaller scales
Small-i or BIG-I? How entrepreneurial capacity transforms 'small-i' into 'Big-I' innovation: some implications for national policy
No full textSmall-i or BIG-I? How entrepreneurial capacity transforms 'small-i' into 'Big-I' innovation: some implications for national polic
Making an exhibition of a theatre audience: Research through photography
No full textRachel Nash and Will Garrett-Petts observe, “There is relatively little about…research through visual art (where artistic practice becomes a vehicle for producing and presenting new knowledge).” This paper is a case study of a photographic exhibition employed as both an end in itself and a means to enhance the profile of a project of which it forms a part and to thereby generate public involvement in our research. As part of our CURA research on professional theatre as a builder of community in small cities, James Hoffman and I engaged audience members of Western Canada Theatre as subjects in a photographic exhibition shot on the theatre stage, shown in the theatre lobby, and documented in a catalogue. This paper will explain and analyze the processes of recruiting, photographing, and interviewing the subjects. It will also describe exhibition and catalogue preparation and provide the theory and rationale behind our attempts to incorporate visual research and other unconventional approaches into our work as we reach beyond traditional surveys of theatre audiences.Peer reviewe
Social Science or Social Control: Qualitative Researchers’ Dilemma in Contrastive Rhetoric
No full textAs many critics have pointed out, social science is not and has never been a neutral enquiry into human behaviors and institutions. It is strongly implicated in the project of social control, whether by the state or by other agencies, which ultimately serve the interests of a dominant group. In this paper, I will focus on contrastive rhetoric—an area of study in second language writing—as an example of
social science research. I will first discuss how, in the field of contrastive rhetoric, a particular “social problem” is first identified and then contained through the collective pronouncements of expert discourse. I will then speculate on the epistemological assumptions of contrastive rhetoric that determine the research focus and influence research findings, which, in turn, can affect the representations as well as experiential realities of the researched groups. Finally, I will discuss how alternative ways of approaching the “problem” could challenge existing paradigms that disadvantage the researched groups.Peer reviewe
Social science or social control: Qualitative researchers’ dilemma in contrastive rhetoric
No full textAs many critics have pointed out, social science is not and has never been a neutral enquiry into human behaviors and institutions. It is strongly implicated in the project of social control, whether by the state or by other agencies, which ultimately serve the interests of a dominant group. In this paper, I will focus on contrastive rhetoric—an area of study in second language writing—as an example of social science research. I will first discuss how, in the field of contrastive rhetoric, a particular “social problem” is first identified and then contained through the collective pronouncements of expert discourse. I will then speculate on the epistemological assumptions of contrastive rhetoric that determine the research focus and influence research findings, which, in turn, can affect the representations as well as experiential realities of the researched groups. Finally, I will discuss how alternative ways of approaching the “problem” could challenge existing paradigms that disadvantage the researched groups.Peer reviewe
Measuring training in small firms The Small Business Council's perspective
No full textTitle from coverAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre- DSC:m03/27190 / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreSIGLEGBUnited Kingdo
Editorial: entrepreneurship and small business development in small islands
No full textThematic issueSource type: Printhttp://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1174425271&am
Investigation of cinema-going behaviour in British Columbia, the background to cinema, British Columbia: A people’s history
No full textThe premise for my CURA book project had its genesis, I suppose, in my personal movie memories that have accumulated over the years. In conducting research for this project it became clear that I was not alone in using film memories as a means of charting life long experiences—films and cinemas served as important historical and emotional reference points. This conference paper serves as the basis for my presentation at the CURA conference in May, 2009 at North Island College in Comox. British Columbia.Peer reviewe
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