73 research outputs found
Towards a Genealogy of Thomas Kuhn’s Semantics
No full textThis paper explores Thomas Kuhn’s intellectual history by examining sources that have been understudied so far: the Lowell Lectures of 1951 (The Quest for Physical Theory) and the hitherto unpublished Notre Dame Lectures of 1980. The analysis of these texts aims to reconstruct Kuhn’s development of a semantics that can account for scientific progress. This analysis will show that the alleged “linguistic turn” attributed to the author is actually a renewed interest in problems that existed well before publishing The Structure of Scientific Revolutions.Fil: Melogno, Pablo. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Giri, Leandro Ariel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tres de Febrero; Argentin
Educational Challenges in Latin America and the Caribbean: Insights from Critical and Innovative Experiences Promoted by CLACSO
No full textLos desafíos que enfrenta la educación superior en América Latina y el Caribe han sido diversos y crecientes desde hace unas décadas. Los conflictos en torno a la educación –y especialmente a la educación superior– han ocupado un lugar creciente en las movilizaciones y en los debates políticos de distintos países latinoamericanos y caribeños. En este marco, Colombia se ha destacado, junto a otros países como Chile, Argentina, Brasil y México, por la magnitud y persistencia de sus conflictos educativos, especialmente enfocados en la educación superior. Financiamiento, cobertura, calidad, formas de gobierno, condiciones del trabajo docente, no mercantilización y gratuidad han sido algunasde las dimensiones en disputa en torno a las cuales se organizaron las principales movilizaciones y conflictos. La mayoría de las veces han sido los estudiantes –organizadosde diversas formas y a veces acompañados por movimientos de profesores– los principalesprotagonistas de las movilizaciones callejeras, las ocupaciones de edificios públicos y las acciones colectivas de diverso tipo. En este artículo abordamos algunos de los retos, problemáticas y perspectivas de la educación superior en América Latina y el Caribe, enfocados en dos experiencias innovadoras desplegadas en los últimos años desde el Consejo Latinoamericano de Ciencias Sociales: el Sistema Latinoamericano de Evaluación Universitaria y el Foro Latinoamericano de Evaluación Científica. El artículo se sustenta enuna síntesis de investigaciones de carácter cualitativo realizadas por el autor en los últimos cinco años, que se basaron en entrevistas, análisis de documentos, artículos de prensa ybibliografía acerca de los temas estudiados.The challenges facing Higher Education in Latin America and the Caribbean are diverse and growing in recent decades. Indeed, conflicts around education – and especially Higher Education – have occupied a growing place in the mobilizations and political debates of different Latin American and Caribbean countries. In this framework, Colombia has stood out, along with other countries such as Chile, Argentina, Brazil, and Mexico, for the magnitude and persistence of its educational conflicts, especially focused on Higher Education. Financing, coverage, quality, forms of government, conditions of teaching work, non-commercialization, and free education have been some of the most prominent disputed dimensions around which the main mobilizations and conflicts were organized. Most of the time, it has been students organized in various ways in collectives, organizations, groups, and movements - sometimes accompanied by movements of professors and teachers - who have been the main protagonists of the conflicts that unfolded in street mobilizations, occupations of public buildings, and collective actions of various kinds. Based on these analyses, in this paper we address the main challenges, problems, and perspectives of Higher Education in Latin America and the Caribbean, focused on two critical and innovative experiences deployed by the Latin American Council of Social Sciences (CLACSO) in recent years: the Latin American University Evaluation System (SILEU) and the Latin American Forum for Scientific Evaluation (FOLEC). The paper is based on a synthesis of qualitative research carried out by the author in the last five years that was based on interviews, analysis of documents, press articles, and bibliography about the topics studied.Fil: Vommaro, Pablo Ariel. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. Instituto de Investigaciones "Gino Germani"; Argentina. Consejo Latinoamericano de Ciencias Sociales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin
It All Happens (to Us) at Once: Youth, Precariousness and Policy in Argentina (A Multidimensional Approach to Inequality)
No full textIn this chapter I am concerned with analyzing, from a multidimensional approach to inequality (Reygadas, 2004), processes of (re) production of inequalities embodied in youth sectors in Latin America, with a focus on Argentina. For this I will work with the three dimensions of the author´s analytical model (individual, interactional and structural), and I will approach the situations from three elements: the setting, the actors and public policies. The data used are constructed from an ethnographic approach, co-work in socio-community work, interviews and documents in the Buenos Aires region. The notion of intersectionality (class, gender, age, territory, ethnic, racial) will allow us to combine and explain different forms of precariousness in the lives of young people from popular sectors. If the above is a synchronic look, the diachronic look will lead us to explain processes of accumulation of disadvantages; and taking into account both temporalities, we will be able to understand how inequality networks of different scales are interwoven. The key to political configurations will also include the approach to tensions and disputes for equality, as positions of collective action or militant cause, all in a dialogue situated with the socio-historical processes of constitution of the state, of rights and of the citizenship in the country.Fil: Chaves, Mariana. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Trabajo Social. Laboratorio de Estudios en Cultura y Sociedad; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; Argentin
An overview of research on gender in Spanish society
No full textThis article presents an overview of research on gender in Spanish society. Six areas of literature are examined including families, education, work, politics, sexuality, and men. The author argues that political factors have shaped the development of sociology of gender in Spain and that there are still important gaps in coverage in this area of sociological inquiry.Publicad
El cumpleaños de nuestra soledad
No full textMy piece deals with the performance of historical memory in Chile. The following is excerpted from the book description by Yale University Press: \u27Writing Toward Hope\u27 is an anthology of contemporary literature - fiction, essays, plays, poems - by some of the most prominent and well-known Latin American writers. Each chapter is devoted to a particular theme, such as torture, exile, and women\u27s roles in Latin American. Writers such as Pablo Neruda, Isabel Allende, Nancy Morejón, Jacobo Timerman, Reinaldo Arenas, Elena Poniatowska, and Ariel Dorfman weigh in on issues of human rights and social justice in Latin America today. -- author-supplied descriptio
Three cases of type-1 complex regional pain syndrome after elective total hip replacement
No full textComplex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) constitutes an atypical cause of pain after orthopaedic procedures. To our knowledge, there is a paucity of literature reporting this syndrome after total hip arthroplasty (THR), since only two case reports have been published. We thenceforth describe the clinical outcome of three cases of type-1 CRPS developed after elective THR, two of them initially diagnosed with secondary osteoarthritis whereas the remaining one presented a sequel of a failed osteosynthesis that required conversion to THR. Remission of disease was found at an average seven months (range: 4–9). Medical treatment involved a combined therapy of pain management, bisphosphonates and intense physical therapy. One patient was additionally treated with a corticosteroid blockade of his right sympathetic lumbar ganglia. None of the patients required surgical treatment. At final follow-up, physical examinations and imaging were negative for disease
The equity premium in 100 textbooks
No full textI review 100 finance and valuation textbooks published between 1979 and 2008 by authors such as Brealey and Myers, Copeland, Damodaran, Merton, Ross, Bruner, Bodie, Penman, Weston, Brigham and Arzac and find that their recommendations regarding the equity premium range from 3% to 10%. I also find that several books use different equity premia on different pages. Some of the confusion arises from not distinguishing among the four concepts that the term equity premium designates: historical equity premium, expected equity premium, required equity premium and implied equity premium. Finance textbooks should clarify the equity premium by providing distinguishing definitions of these four concepts and conveying a clearer message about their sensible magnitudes.equity premium; equity premium puzzle; required market risk premium; historical market risk premium; expected market risk premium; risk premium; market risk premium; market premium;
The sunflower HD-Zip transcription factor HAHB4 is up-regulated in darkness, reducing the transcription of photosynthesis-related genes
No full textHAHB4 belongs to the sunflower subfamily I of HD-Zip proteins and is involved in drought-tolerance response and ethylene-mediated senescence. Cross-talk between these two processes through this transcription factor was recently described. In this study it is shown that the expression of HAHB4 is induced in darkness and quickly disappears when plants are exposed to light. This regulation of HAHB4 was confirmed at the transcriptional level through the use of transgenic Arabidopsis plants bearing constructs in which different segments of the HAHB4 promoter were fused with the reporter gene GUS. Together with electrophoretic mobility shift assays performed with sunflower nuclear proteins, these experiments allowed a cis-acting element involved in this response to be located. Transient overexpression of the HAHB4 cDNA in sunflower leaf discs and HAHB4 knockdown by iRNA were performed, demonstrating the participation of this transcription factor in the transcriptional down-regulation of a large group of photosynthesis-related genes. In accordance with the reduction in the transcripts encoding chlorophyll a/b-binding proteins, the content of these pigments is diminished in Arabidopsis HAHB4-expressing transgenic plants. Thus, it appears that HAHB4 may participate with other factors in the intricate regulation mechanism of the photosynthetic machinery in darkness. © The Author [2008]. Published by Oxford University Press [on behalf of the Society for Experimental Biology]. All rights reserved.Fil: Manavella, Pablo Andrés. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral; ArgentinaFil: Dezar, Carlos Alberto Alejandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral; ArgentinaFil: Ariel, Federico Damian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral; ArgentinaFil: Drincovich, Maria Fabiana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario. Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas. Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos; ArgentinaFil: Chan, Raquel Lia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral; Argentin
Fracturas perimplante de fémur tratadas con clavo retrógrado: reporte de un caso y descripción de la técnica quirúrgica.
No full textExiste un riesgo tácito de fractura peri-implante de fémur en pacientes con antecedente de fractura pertrocantérica de fémur tratados con tornillos deslizantes de cadera (TDC) debido al aumento de la expectativa de vida y a las múltiples comorbilidades. Diversas opciones terapéuticas son posibles dependiendo de si se mantiene la osteosíntesis previa o no. Dada la baja prevalencia de estas fracturas, no existe consenso en la bibliografía actual sobre el tratamiento ideal. El objetivo de este trabajo es reportar un caso y describir la técnica quirúrgica de enclavado endomedular retrógrado para el tratamiento de fracturas peri-implante debajo de un TDC
Artroplastia total de cadera primaria con vástagos cortos en pacientes menores de 20 años
No full textIntroducción: El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar los resultados clínicos, radiográficos y funcionales en pacientes <20 años sometidos a artroplastia total de cadera con vástago femoral tipo 2B corto no cementado.
Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo de 13 pacientes (16 artroplastias totales de cadera) operados entre enero de 2006 y enero de 2021. La edad media y el índice de masa corporal eran de 16.5 ± 2.5 años y 22,74 ± 4,06 kg/m2, respectivamente. El seguimiento medio fue de 43.3 meses (rango 12-128, DE ± 33.45). Se analizaron las indicaciones quirúrgicas, y los resultados funcionales y radiográficos. La supervivencia del implante se calculó con la estimación de Kaplan-Meier.
Resultados: La indicación predominante fue necrosis avascular (9/16 caderas [56%]), el 66% estaba asociada al uso prolongado de corticoides. El HHS para cadera mejoró significativamente de 33 ± 16,5 a 94 ± 5,6 (p <0,001). Diez (76%) pacientes usaban dispositivos de asistencia para caminar antes de la artroplastia, pero ninguno los necesitaba al final del seguimiento. Se observó radiolucidez en un componente acetabular sin repercusión clínica hasta el final del seguimiento. No se registraron signos radiográficos de aflojamiento del componente femoral. La supervivencia del implante fue del 100% hasta el final del seguimiento.
Conclusiones: La artroplastia total de cadera primaria con un vástago femoral corto no cementado en pacientes <20 años con artrosis avanzada de cadera logró resultados equiparables a los ya publicados, con la particularidad de que es un procedimiento menos invasivo y ahorra capital óseo femoral
- …
