1,721,049 research outputs found
Fusion of Multimodal Information in Music Content Analysis
Get PDFMusic is often processed through its acoustic realization. This is restrictive in the sense that music is clearly a highly multimodal concept where various types of heterogeneous information can be associated to a given piece of music (a musical score, musicians' gestures, lyrics, user-generated metadata, etc.). This has recently led researchers to apprehend music through its various facets, giving rise to "multimodal music analysis" studies. This article gives a synthetic overview of methods that have been successfully employed in multimodal signal analysis. In particular, their use in music content processing is discussed in more details through five case studies that highlight different multimodal integration techniques. The case studies include an example of cross-modal correlation for music video analysis, an audiovisual drum transcription system, a description of the concept of informed source separation, a discussion of multimodal dance-scene analysis, and an example of user-interactive music analysis. In the light of these case studies, some perspectives of multimodality in music processing are finally suggested
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
An audio classification system for detecting pulmonary edema
No full textPulmonary edema is a condition where water engorges the alveolar beds. The water is pushed into air spaces and thus reduces normal oxygen movement. It can cause hemoptysis, difficulty in breathing, shorted of breath, and gurgling and wheezing sounds during breathing. It can be caused by congestive heart failure, kidney failure, high altitude exposure, lung damage, and major injuries.
Currently, physicians will carry out physical examinations before performing X-rays, CT-scans and electrocardiograms. Physicians mainly use auscultations to check for abnormal heart sounds, crackles, increased heart rate and rapid breathing. Most patients with pulmonary edema must face the disease and its implications for the rest of their lives. They must visit the physician for a check-up whenever they show symptoms, and if left untreated, they could suffer suffocation. These constant trips to the physician can add stress, worry and inconvenience. Physicians also in turn face a greater workload.
This thesis proposes new insights and methods to detect pulmonary edema using auscultation recordings. The first contribution makes use of feature engineering to gain new insights into the characteristics of these audio recordings. Empirical mode decomposition is used to improve the classification performance.
In the first contribution, it is shown that conventional feature selection algorithms are not designed to handle external interfering hospital noises. In the second contribution, improvements are made on the robustness with the introduction of a new system. The second contribution uses non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) to develop a robust audio classification system to detect pulmonary edema. A study was done to compare feature engineering approaches with feature selection techniques against NMF. Different NMF schemes were investigated and compared with Principal Component Analysis. Background noise collected from hospitals and speech from a speech corpus database were used to simulate noisy data. The system was then tested using noisy data. NMF was also used as a signal enhancement tool, which improved the classification scores.
Contributions in the third chapter are divided into two main parts. Inspired by the analysis of spectrograms of breath recordings, the first section investigates the use of Latent SSVM to show that breath sounds contain latent information that could potentially be exploited. To further improve the proposed NMF system, the second part of the contribution uses NMF to develop a cascading dictionary learning algorithm that allows the use of sample subsets to increase classification accuracy. The SVM classifier is used to group subsets of data and calculate dictionaries on each subset of data. These subsets can be thought of as latent variables that have been grouped into these subsets. The method is described and we compare results with benchmarks, including results from the previous chapter.
In conclusion, this thesis focuses on the automatic classification of pulmonary edema with the use of breath recordings through the chest wall. In particular, feature engineering was used to gain new insights. NMF was next used to develop a robust classification system. Lastly, Latent SSVM was used to show that breath sounds contain latent information that could be exploited. A cascading dictionary learning algorithm was proposed for that purpose and improved classification results in noisy conditions.Doctor of Philosoph
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
- …
