1,721,238 research outputs found
Physics of friction and strain rate localization in synthetic fault gouge
No full textData on synthetic fault gouge previously collected by Richardson and Marone [1999] were compared with the predictions of a unified theory for rate- and state-dependent friction compiled by Sleep [1997]. The theory treats the gouge as a continuum one-dimensional fluid sheared between parallel plates. It is predicted that the strain rate localized into a shear band of width called Wss during steady state sliding from the nominal width of the gouge zone Wnom. The critical displacement during velocity stepping tests is predicted to be Wssεint, where εint is the critical strain, an intrinsic material property. It is predicted that the strain rate for renewed sliding after holds delocalizes to a width Wnew which is greater than Wss and for long holds approaches the full gouge zone width Wnom. The displacement for recovery of the shear traction to its steady state value is predicted to be Wnewεint, which for long holds is much greater than the critical displacement obtained by velocity stepping. Only the macroscopic effects of this process could be studied using the laboratory data in hand. Compaction during the hold and the difference between peak shear traction upon restart and the steady state shear traction during sliding (healing) were measured. To simulate more complex normal traction variations on real faults, the normal traction was varied sinusoidally about its previous value during some holds. The theory reasonably predicts the observed relationship between healing and compaction and healing versus hold time. It predicts the slip needed for recovery of shear traction following holds but poorly predicts the shear traction versus time during recovery. We attribute this failure to the fact that the laboratory gouge is a heterogeneous three-dimensional substance. Qualitatively, the delocalized width Wnew varies with position within the gouge plane, and slip is required for localized shear to organize in three dimensions. As strain rate was not observed as a function or time and position within the gouge, other explanations for the observed long recovery times following holds remain viable, including consolidation strengthening. Copyright 2000 by the American Geophysical Union
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
sleep n
No full textsleep nto sleep She come back an' she said, "Mother," she said, " I don't believe," she said, "he's to sleep." [= asleep]to sleepDNE Sup G.M.StoryAUG. 21 1989Not usedNot usedNot usedThe head word sleep n is not listed in DNE nor the word form but the card is stamped
sleep n
No full textsleep nto sleep ...he sleeped all night, an' he got up the next morning, an' when she got up he was still to sleep. [= asleep]to sleepDNE Sup AUG. 21 1989G.M.StoryNot usedNot usedNot usedThe head word sleep n is not listed in DNE nor the word form but the card is stamped
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Sample demographics and typical sleep (n = 30).
No full text<p>Sample demographics and typical sleep (n = 30).</p
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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