1,720,969 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
An Empirical Study on Security Vulnerabilities in Online Docker Images
No full textThis item is available only to currently enrolled UTSA students, faculty or staff. To download, navigate to Log In in the top right-hand corner of this screen, then select Log in with my UTSA ID.This paper presents an empirical study on the security vulnerabilities in docker images that are public available at Docker Hub repository. To perform the study, I developed an automatic tool ImageCheck to collect installed libraries in a docker image and check the library versions against the CVE database to detect potential vulnerabilities in docker images. The study uses 1,487 most downloaded free docker images as subjects and considers all CVE vulnerabilities published from Jan. 2018 to Feb. 2020. ImageCheck detects 507 vulnerabilities from 250 docker images, and the study results show that these vulnerabilities cover a large number of docker image categories and vulnerability categories.Computer Scienc
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Applying Semantic Analysis for the Alignment of Natural Language Privacy Policies with Application Code
No full textThis item is available only to currently enrolled UTSA students, faculty or staff. To download, navigate to Log In in the top right-hand corner of this screen, then select Log in with my UTSA ID.Privacy is increasingly becoming a major concern as the convenience of technology grows. In an effort to disclose privacy-related practices and follow federal guidelines for software applications, many publishers provide natural language privacy policies disclosing what private information may be used, collected, or shared by the application. However, these policies are a completely separate body from the code and are written in natural language, thus being susceptible to, sometimes unintentional, misalignments. Such misalignments not only affect end-user privacy, but can result in costly fines and audits for developers.
To mitigate this problem and improve developer and end-user confidence, I introduce a scalable framework for aligning natural language privacy policies with application code. The approach utilizes a phrase to API mapping which effectively bridges the semantic gap between code and policy. In turn, the mapping provides the basis to facilitate static and dynamic code analysis for the detection of privacy misalignments. Included in the approach are natural language processing techniques to determine relevant policy phrases and identify intent with regard to collection (i.e. contextual polarity). Practical efficacy is demonstrated through an instantiation of this framework upon the Android OS environment and the successful detection of misalignments among top applications. Furthermore, I introduce the POLIDROID tool suite which includes practical alignment tools for source and byte code. These tools provide developers, end users, and auditors with the means to apply this framework to real-world situations. Finally, I present an empirical evaluation of the framework and the tools based on the framework which exhibits positive results with regard to precision, performance, and usability.Computer Scienc
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
When and How to Protect? Modeling Repeated Interactions with Computing Services Under Uncertainty
No full textThis item is available only to currently enrolled UTSA students, faculty or staff. To download, navigate to Log In in the top right-hand corner of this screen, then select Log in with my UTSA ID.Modern computing systems and web applications often interact or provide services to entities without knowing their type, i.e., it could be interacting with an honest entity wanting a genuine good response from it, or it could be interacting with a malicious entity wanting to compromise it by launching security and privacy attacks against it. Hence, designing and modeling effective defense mechanisms for such systems is a non-trivial task. The problem is even more difficult against a strategic adversary who repeatedly interacts with the target system by imitating an honest end-user/entity to infer as much information as possible, then stealthily and strategically attacking it at the appropriate opportunity. In such an interaction scenario, on the one hand, the system's goal is to strategically block the malicious entities without significantly impacting the quality of service provided to the honest entities. On the other hand, a malicious entity's objective is to stealthily compromise the target system as quickly as possible without being detected and in the most cost-efficient manner. This dissertation plans to study this classical trade-off in modern computing services and web applications by focusing on three unique use-cases of such applications/services that present this conundrum. In the first use-case, we consider the scenario of a mobile operating system attempting to regulate access to zero-permission or permission-less sensors such as accelerometers, gyroscopes, and ambient light sensors. These sensors are critical for all mobile applications, but malicious applications can misuse data from them to infer private information about users. So the mobile system must strategically decide under what conditions to share data from these sensors without knowing the type (malicious or honest) of a mobile application requesting the data. In the first research thrust of this dissertation, we address the above trade-off by modeling the strategic interactions between mobile applications and a defense mechanism (or a mobile system) using a two-player discrete-time, imperfect information game called the Signaling game. The second use-case that we consider comprises of a black-box machine learning model that provides a label to each query sent by an end-user and an explanation (or attribution) for that label. Such explanations/attributions can be very useful for honest users in understanding model decisions. However, malicious users can misuse repeated explanations to reveal private model information such as parameters and training data. So the model must strategically decide under what conditions to stop sharing explanations with end users without knowing their type (malicious or honest). In the second research thrust, we address this trade-off by modeling the dynamics of explanation variance generated by a system (comprising of an ML model and the corresponding explanation technique) for predictions/labels related to queries sent by end-users. Specifically, we model the interactions between an end-user and the system, where the variance of the explanations generated by the system evolve according to a \emph{lcub}stochastic differential equation (SDE){rcub}, as a \emph{lcub}two-player continuous-time Signaling Game{rcub}. Such a modeling and analysis exercise helps us determine the optimal explanation variance threshold for an attacker to launch explanation-based threshold attacks against the system. The third use-case that we consider is a federated learning scenario, where multiple clients (malicious or honest) cooperatively learn a global system model (computed by some server) in a distributed or decentralized fashion. In such a distributed learning scenario, malicious clients want to cheat the server (computing the global model) by stealthily sending false/incorrect updates, while the server wants to detect such malicious updates in a timely fashion so that it does not corrupt the global model. In the third research thrust, we address this trade-off by designing a Bayesian defense mechanism on the server-side. Specifically, we employ concepts from non-parametric Bayesian modeling to compute a probabilistic measure that can be leveraged in the detection phase (of the malicious updates) with the aim to decouple it from the local clients' training strategies such as data distribution, attack strategy of the malicious clients or the number of clients selected in a federated learning training round.Computer Scienc
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
- …
