1,485 research outputs found
The psychology of strongly-held beliefs: Theories of ideological structure and individual attachment.
No full textWhat determines the results of encounters between individuals and ideologies? For an ideology to be strongly held, the potential adherent should believe that the agents identified by the ideology are capable of taking the recommended actions, which are consistent with the adherent's moral values, and will result, according to accepted explanatory principles, in outcomes the adherent finds desirable. In consequence, it is proposed that strength of attachment to an ideology is a function of attachment to all of the components
Emotions and Emotion Families in the Emotion System
No full textTaken together, the emotions that are examined in this article may be understood as an emotion system. When the system is working properly, appraisal functions elicit the emotion strategy that is relatively likely to be adaptive in the type of situation a person perceives that he or she is facing
Advances in Biological Understanding of Tumor Radiation Resistance
No full textThis eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contac
Radiation-induced and obesity dependent NK cell activities against metastatic breast cancer cells
No full text<p><strong>Theoretical framework:</strong> Radiation therapy (RT) is one of the leading therapeutic approaches used in the management of metastatic breast cancer (BC). However, currently existing RT schedules are limited in their efficacy due to the impossibility to reach a curative radiation dose for killing of aggressive and radiation resistant carcinoma cells. Although high-LET irradiation could more efficiently eradicate therapy resistant carcinoma cells in comparison with photon-based RT, it is unclear whether it could also better mobilize immune cells for elimination of undifferentiated and radioresistant cancer stem cells (CSCs). Currently, overweight and obesity is an increasing problem that can diminish an efficacy of RT and alter immune response in patients with metastatic BC. Unfortunately, it is still unknown how adipocytes can contribute to the crosstalk between carcinoma and immune cells upon low- and high-LET radiation exposure.</p>
<p><strong>Research objectives:</strong> elucidation of the role of obese microenvironment in the regulation of cytotoxic activities of low- and high-LET ionizing radiations and NK cells against BC cells with enhanced metastatic properties. </p>
<p><strong>Methods:</strong> Low- and high-LET irradiation of luminal A and B BC cells with different invasive and migratory abilities, and NK cells in presence or absence of adipocytes obtained from pre-, menopausal, and postmenopausal women with different BMIs, will be used to determine adipocyte-dependent differences in radiation responses, alterations in pro-metastatic properties, and modulation of metabolic activities of the investigated BC cells.</p>
<p><strong>Level of originality and innovation:</strong> of the research project consists in an integrated approach of the evaluation of the crosstalk between metastatically-active luminal A BC and NK cells upon photon, proton, and carbon ion irradiation and obese circumstances. There are no reports on adipocyte responses to these kinds of irradiation. It is also unknown whether radiation response and susceptibility to NK lysis of BC cells with enhanced invasive and metastatic capacities can be affected by adipocytes during cell exposure to different kinds of irradiation. Pre-clinical data received during conducting of this project, can be translated into the clinical practice for the development of NK cell-based treatment approaches and novel targeted therapeutics modulating an influence of adipose tissues in luminal BC patients in the context of radiotherapy. </p>
<p><strong>Primary researchers involved:</strong> This is a joint project involving the researchers with different expertises: PI Ira Skvortsova (Austria) and her team (EXTRO-Lab members, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria); collaborators: Christian Ploner (Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria), Slavisa Tubin (MedAustron, Wr. Neustadt, Austria); Monica Marchese, Olga Kofanova (IBBL, Luxembourg); Alessandra Bisio and Yari Ciribilli (CIBIO, University of Trento, Italy); Anahid Jewett (UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, USA).</p>
Predicting and Understanding Cancer Response to Treatment
No full textContains fulltext :
196925.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access
Fireside Chat with Dr. Ira Byock & StoryCorps\u27 David Isay
No full textJoin master storytellers Dave Isay, founder of StoryCorps, and Dr. Ira Byock, founder of the Institute for Human Caring, in exploring how stories build human connection during a global health crisis.
Social-distancing restrictions due to the Coronavirus pandemic have created a longing for human connection – particularly for quarantined patients, frontline healthcare workers and vulnerable communities.
Two complementary programs on opposite ends of the country are providing essential connections when they’re needed the most.
Reimagine End of Life, in partnership with the Providence Institute for Human Caring and StoryCorps, is hosting an online show-and-tell with two of the nation’s leaders in their respective fields.
Dr. Byock will unpack selected content from Providence’s Coronavirus Chronicles, a website for the public as well as patients and caregivers across the nation’s third-largest health system to share videos, pictures, text, art, and poetry on the pandemic.
Isay will reveal audio recordings from Storycorps Connect, its first remote-recording platform, which was built in response to the pandemic. The platform enables people to record a StoryCorps interview with a loved one remotely using video-conference technology. Isay will show how this platform is being used in healthcare settings to help facilitate a connection between isolated patients and their loved ones.
Bios
Ira Byock, M.D., FAAHPM is a leading palliative care physician, author, and public advocate for improving care through the end of life. He is founder and chief medical officer of the Providence Institute for Human Caring, based in the Los Angeles area. The Institute advances efforts to measure, monitor, improve and expand models of highly personalized care. Dr. Byock’s books include Dying Well, The Four Things That Matter Most, and The Best Care Possible.
Dave Isay is one of the most trusted and respected broadcasters working today. The recipient of six Peabody Awards, a MacArthur “Genius” Fellowship, and the $1 Million TED prize, his work taps into the heart and soul of the human experience. He is an author, documentarian, and founder of StoryCorps.
About StoryCorps
Founded in 2003, StoryCorps is an independent nonprofit organization based in Brooklyn, NY, that has brought more than 600,000 Americans together—two at a time—to record intimate conversations about their lives, create human connection, pass wisdom from one generation to the next, and leave a legacy for the future. Each conversation is preserved at the American Folklife Center at the Library of Congress. StoryCorps is the largest single collection of personal narratives ever gathered, and millions listen to StoryCorps’ weekly broadcasts on NPR’s Morning Edition
Ira P. Hager
No full textIra P. Hager,8x11.5cm A Logan lawyer. He was in Europe with a lady friend whom he met. Author of book Blue and Grey Battlefields Property of F.B. Lamberthttps://mds.marshall.edu/lambert_papers/2252/thumbnail.jp
ETV7 regulates breast cancer stem-like cell features by repressing IFN-response genes
No full textAbstract Cancer stem cells (CSCs) represent a population of cells within the tumor able to drive tumorigenesis and known to be highly resistant to conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy. In this work, we show a new role for ETV7, a transcriptional repressor member of the ETS family, in promoting breast cancer stem-like cells plasticity and resistance to chemo- and radiotherapy in breast cancer (BC) cells. We observed that MCF7 and T47D BC-derived cells stably over-expressing ETV7 showed reduced sensitivity to the chemotherapeutic drug 5-fluorouracil and to radiotherapy, accompanied by an adaptive proliferative behavior observed in different culture conditions. We further noticed that alteration of ETV7 expression could significantly affect the population of breast CSCs, measured by CD44+/CD24low cell population and mammosphere formation efficiency. By transcriptome profiling, we identified a signature of Interferon-responsive genes significantly repressed in cells over-expressing ETV7, which could be responsible for the increase in the breast CSCs population, as this could be partially reverted by the treatment with IFN-β. Lastly, we show that the expression of the IFN-responsive genes repressed by ETV7 could have prognostic value in breast cancer, as low expression of these genes was associated with a worse prognosis. Therefore, we propose a novel role for ETV7 in breast cancer stem cells’ plasticity and associated resistance to conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy, which involves the repression of a group of IFN-responsive genes, potentially reversible upon IFN-β treatment. We, therefore, suggest that an in-depth investigation of this mechanism could lead to novel breast CSCs targeted therapies and to the improvement of combinatorial regimens, possibly involving the therapeutic use of IFN-β, with the aim of avoiding resistance development and relapse in breast cancer
Cwbr Author Interview: The Long Emancipation: The Demise Of Slavery In The United States
No full textInterview with Ira Berlin, Distinguished University Professor of History at the University of Maryland Interviewed by Zach Isenhower
Civil War Book Review (CWBR): Today the Civil War Book Review is happy to speak with Ira Berlin, Distinguished Professor of History at the University of Maryland. Professor Berlin previously authored, Slaves Without Masters: The Free Negro in the Antebellum South; Generations of Captivity: A History of Slaves in the United States; as well as Many Thousands Gone: The First Two Centuries of Slavery in Mainland North America. Today we get to talk about his most recent book, The Long Emancipation: The Demise of slavery in the United States. Professor Berlin, thank you for chatting with us today. Ira Berlin (IB): I\u27m delighted to be joining you
The dynamics of nationalist terrorism: ETA and the IRA
No full textNationalist terrorism aspires to independence or greater autonomy for some territory. The combination of territorial claims and armed struggle gives rise to a very definite strategy, violence intended to coerce the State. Nationalist terrorist organizations kill repeatedly with the aim of breaking the will of the State. They engage in a peculiar sort of war of attrition with the State. This paper analyzes comparatively the war of attrition strategy in two organizations, ETA and the IRA. The focus of the paper is on strategy: it examines how ETA and the IRA understood their activity in terms of war of attrition and how they developed their strategy subject to some constraints, such as the moderate preferences of their supporters. I show that popularity constraints account for the high degree of selectivity in their killings. The analysis is based on a combination of historical information, internal documents, and a large data set I have constructed of the killings of these two organizations
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