124 research outputs found
Uji Performansi Turbin Angin sebagai Penggerak Aerator di Tambak Udang
No full textLetak geogr fa si dnI onesia sebagai nega ar siport menyebabkan
karakte kitsir ang ni id nodnI esia sangat be br eda dengan karakte kitsir ang ni di
negara-negara maju yang telah mem anfaatkan na g ni sebagai bmus er energ ni y .a
kutnU uti pe m ulr engembangkan te olonk gi ibrut n a ng ni ubmus ve kitr al y na g dit ak
pid enga ihur pe bur ahan a rah datangny a a ng .ni
Pene til ian ini men gg nu akan dom el nibrut ang ni ubmus ve kitr al Da irr e su
piT e-H dengan orp fil su ud ACAN 8100 ,pan aj ng c droh )C( 0,4 m, dus ut tip ch 60
dan j mu lah udus 3 ub ah. miD e isn nibrut ang ni ya uti maid eter )D( 2 m, it nggi )H(
1,5 m dan mass a udus 1 5, kg. dA a 2 ub ah aera rot yang dig nu akan da mal penel ti ian
ini dengan massa ae tar or 1,5 kg. Pengujian rut b ni ang ni lid a kuk an pa ad va ir asi
kece tap an ang ni yang berasal da ir se ub ah ik pas ya uti 2,2 /m s, 2,6 s/m 3 s/m ; ,3 2
/m s, 4 m s/ dengan bebid a in ea ra rot dan it dak d bi ebani ea .rotar Pengujian jug a
lid a uk kan id tambak du ang dengan k ece tap an na g ni rata-rata 3 s/m . iraD has li
pengujian id pe lor eh up t ra an nibrut pada sa ta it dak bid ebani aera rot dengan va ir asi
kece tap an a ng ni ya uti 21 mpr , 02 mpr , 62 mpr , 03 mpr , 26 mpr dan p tu aran nibrut
setelah id beba in ae rotar ya uti 8 mpr , 21 pr m, 61 mpr , 32 pr m, 65 mpr . Ke it k a
nibrut id uji id bmat ak du ang mengha klis an putaran 08 pr m dengan d pi asang
ea ra .rot Se nih gg a pid eroleh daya nibrut se ac ra te iro utnu k tumem ar aera rot id
tambak du ang sebesar 86,7 aW tt dengan 1 ub ah ea ra rot terpasang pad a k de a amal n
ea ra rot 2,5 cm id bawah pe akumr an .r95 HalamanSkripsi Sarjan
Pengaruh Pemakaian Campuran Solar dengan Biodiesel Minyak Kedelai Terhadap Emisi Mesin Diesel Satu Silinder
No full textBiodiesel is an alternative fuel for diesel engines, made from vegetable oils or animal fats, mimicking monoactyl esters of transesterified triglycerides with simple monohydric alcohols. This study aims to determine emisigas dispose of diesel engines by using soybean oil biodiesel. Exhaust emissions measured are: Hydrocarbon (HC), Carbon monoxide (CO), Carbon dioxide (CO2) and Oxigen (O2). To utilize the soybean oil B10, B20, B30 the result of KOH tranesterification reaction and reaction time of 3 hours can be used as basic material of oil aging (Biodiesel). The calorific value of fuel is obtained by looking at water temperature difference before and after HHV and LHV fuel bombing process. Performs power testing, fuel flow rate, AFR, Volumetric efficiency, actual power, average effective pressure. Passing the exhaust emissions test with four meters of CO, UHC, CO2,O2. Of the four emissions test parameters of O2waste obtained by the lowest number when using biodiesel fuel, the three parameters ie CO, CO2 and O2 is still better to use diesel fuel with a mixture of biodiesel .Biodiesel adalah bahanbakar alternatif untuk mesin diesel,yang dibuat dariminyak nabati atau lemak hewani,berupasentawa monoaktil ester hasil transesterifikasi trigliserida dengan alkohol monohidrat sederhana. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui emisigas buang mesin diesel dengan menggunakan biodiesel minyak kedelai.Emisi gas buang yang diukur adalah: Hydrocarbon (HC),Carbon monoxide (CO),Carbon dioxide (CO2) dan Oxigen (O2). Untuk mendayagunakan minyak kedelai B10,B20,B30 hasil reaksi tranesterifikasi KOH dan lama reaksi 3 jam dapat dingunkan sebagai bahan dasar pembuaan minyak(Biodiesel).Nilai kalor bahan bakar didapat dengan melihat perbedaan suhu air sebelum dan sesudah proses pengeboman bahan bakar HHV dan LHV. Melakukan pengujian daya,laju aliran bahan bakar,AFR, Efisiensi volumetrik, daya aktual,tekanan efektif rata-rata. Melalukan pengujian emisi gas buang dengan empat para meter CO,UHC,CO2,O2.Dari empat parameter uji emisigas buang kadar O2 diperoleh denga angka terendah ketika menggunakan bahan bakar biodiesel, tiga parameter yaitu kadar CO,CO2danUHC masih lebih baik menggunakan bahan bakar solar dengan campuran biodiesel.Skripsi Sarjan
Analisa Kondensor Mesin Pendingin Tenaga Surya dengan Menggunakan Software Ansys 19.0
No full textKonsumsi energi yang sangat banyak digunakan oleh manusia pada saat ini mengakibatkan terjadinya krisis energi, salah satu penyebab kejadian ini adalah ketergantungan manusia terhadap energi yang berasal dari fosil yang dimana energi ini tidak dapat diperbaharui dan suatu saat akan habis. Salah satu energi yang paling banyak digunakan saat ini adalah dibidang pendinginan. Pembuatan suatu inovasi yang memungkinkan berkurangnya penggunaan energi dengan mendapatkan hasilnya setara sangatlah diperlukan. Namun, pembuatan inovasi tersebut tidak dapat dibuat hanya dengan sekali percobaan hingga inovasi tersebut dapat disebarluaskan. Cara yang paling efisien ialah dengan menggunakan aplikasi CFD. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui fenomena fluida yang terjadi didalam sistem kondensor pada alat pendingin tenaga surya dengan menggunakan aplikasi CFD. Simulasi dilakukan dari jam 12.30 WIB pada saat desorpsi selama 30 menit dan dilakukan pada kondisi transient. Hasil dari simulasi di tampilkan dalam bentuk kontur warna. Besar laju perpindahan panas konveksi yang terjadi pada kondensor sebesar 17,048 Watt.Energy consumption that is very widely used by humans at this time results in an energy crisis, one of the causes of this event is human dependence on energy derived from fossils where this energy cannot be renewed and will eventually run out. One of the most widely used energy today is in the field of cooling. Making an innovation that allows reduced energy use by obtaining equal results is very necessary. However, making such innovations cannot be made with just one experiment until the innovation can be disseminated. The most efficient way is to use CFD applications. This study aims to determine the fluid phenomena that occur in the condenser system on solar power coolers using CFD applications. Simulations were carried out from 12:30 WIB at desorption for 30 minutes and carried out in transient conditions. The results of the simulation are displayed in the form of color contours. The amount of convection heat transfer rate that occurs in the condenser is 17.048 Watts.102 HalamanSkripsi Sarjan
Experimental Helical Type Water Heater Utilizing Waste Heat from a 3/4 PK Split Ac Condenser with a Capacity of 150 L
No full textBasically, AC is used as an air conditioner, especially in hot areas to get thermal comfort. The heat
energy that comes out of the condenser can be used to heat the air. This application of conservation
energy is called Air Conditioner Water Heater (ACWH). ACWH utilizes hot freon which will flow to
the Heat Exchanger which functions to heat the air in the holding tank. Through this, the author
would like to convey that the use of ACWH can reduce costs and also save on electrical energy usage,
thereby reducing global warming due to AC waste heat. The aim of this research is to analyze the
maximum temperature produced by the discharge of the AC condenser to heat the air in the tube and
analyze the performance of a water heater using a helical pipe. The results obtained from this
research obtained the characteristics of this machine, namely the highest air temperature obtained
was 45.2 C in testing with an air capacity of 75 L, the highest compressor power value obtained was
561.0 W, and the lowest was 542.3 W, and the COP was obtained during testing was an average of
3.0 -3.9, while the Standard AC had a COP with an average of 3,338, so this shows that the ACWH
system does not have a big effect on the performance of the split AC87 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Pengaruh Campuran Bahan Bakar Premium, Hidrogen dan Etanol 96% terhadap Perfomansi dan Emisi Gas Buang Mesin Genset Otto
No full textThe depletion of oil reserves and fuel consumption that is on the rise cause the onset of the threat of an energy crisis. It is necessary of renewable sources of energy as an alternative energy. Mixing fuel oil usage to save is one alternative. The availability of hydrogen fuel and bountiful from the purification of fermentation, placed hydrogen and ethanol become one of the highlights as an alternative fuel. In addition the use of hydrogen and ethanol can be used on different machines, one of them is on the oot engine 4-step. Although the appropriate machine performance is yet to give optimal results, such us engine performanc while using premium, but the mixed fuel of hydrogen and ethanol are still has advantage, namely the abundent raw material availability and flexibility of Internal Combustion Engine (ICE)161 HalamanSkripsi Sarjan
Kajian Perfomansi Mesin Diesel Satu Silinder Menggunakan Bahan Bakar Campuran Solar dan Biodiesel Minyak Kanola Dengan HI-Cester
No full textAlong with the rapid development of technology, an enormous source of energy is
also required. Aside from using energy sources that originate from fossil fuel, it is
also possible to use biodiesel fuel as the primary fuel. This study utilizes biodiesel
fuel from raw material of canola oil and HI-Cester. The objective of this study in
addition to figuring out the effect towards engine performance, combustion
chamber temperature, also to calculate the emission of exhaust gasses. This
method of the study is started by testing the heat value of the fuel, which is B10,
B20, B30, B40, Solar 100%, B10 + HI-Cester 0.5 ml, B20 + HI-Cester 0.5 ml,
B30 + HI-Cester 0.5 ml, B40 + HI-Cester 0.5 ml, and solar 100% + HI-Cester.
The amount of O2 gas exhaust emission undergoes a decrease but an increase
occurs if HI-Cester is added. NOx exhaust emission undergoes decrease when
using only biodiesel as well as if HI-Cester is added. CO exhaust emission
undergoes an increase. CO2 undergoes an increase if only using biodiesel and
undergoes a decrease after HI-Cester is added. Experimental data shows that the
maximum power acquired is 2,20 kW and actual maximum thermal efficiency is
36,03% when solar fuel is used, specific fuel consumption 628,496 g/kWh.
Highest average temperature of combustion chamber is achieved by solar fuel
100% + HI-Cester with the amount of 197,37 C and the lowest is achieved by
B20 fuel with the amount of 183,37 C.Seiring perkembangan teknologi, dibutuhkan sumber energi yang besar pula.
Selain menggunakan sumber energi dari bahan bakar fosil, dapat juga
menggunakan bahan bakar biodiesel sebagai bahanbakar utama. Penelitian ini
menggunakan bahan bakar biodiesel dengan bahan baku minyak kanola dan HICester.
Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh terhadap performansi
mesin, temperature ruang bakar, dan emisi gas buang yang dihasilkan. Metode
penelitian diawali dengan pengujian nilai kalor bahan bakar yaitu B10, B20, B30,
B40, Solar 100%, B10 + HI-Cester 0.5 ml, B20 + HI-Cester 0.5 ml, B30 + HICester
0.5 ml, B40 + HI-Cester 0.5 ml, dan solar 100% + HI-Cester. Besarnya
emisi gas buang O2 mengalami penurunan dan jika ditambah HI-Cester
kandungannya meningkat. NOx mengalami penurunan saat menggunakan bahan
bakar biodiesel saja maupun ditambah HI-Cester. CO mengalami pengingkatan.
CO2 mengalami peningkatan jika bahan bakar hanya menggunakan biodiesel dan
mengalami penurunan setelah ditambah HI-Cester. Data eksperimental
menunjukkan bahwa daya maksimum diperoleh 2,20 kW dan efisiensi termal
aktual maksimum 36,03% saat menggunakan bahan bakar solar, konsumsi bahan
bakar spesifik 628,496 g/kWh. Temperatur ruang bakar rata-rata tertinggi dicapai
oleh bahan bakar Solar 100% + HI-Cester sebesar 197,37 C dan yang terendah
dicapai oleh bahan bakar B20 sebesar 183,37 C.127 HalamanSkripsi Sarjan
Performance Tests of Stationary Diesel Engine Using Waste Coffee Grounds Biodiesel at Concentrations of B15, B25, and B35 With Variation of Loads
No full textThe increase in fuel consumption in recent years, along with population growth and the development of the transportation and industrial sectors, has led to a reduction in fossil fuel reserves and an increase in greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, environmentally friendly and sustainable alternative fuels are needed. One reliable alternative fuel is biodiesel. Coffee grounds are one raw material that can be utilized to produce biodiesel. Coffee grounds still contain lipid sources ranging from 15% to 20% of their initial weight through extraction and transesterification processes. This study aims to analyze the performance test results of a stationary diesel engine using a mixture of coffee grounds biodiesel (WCGB) and pure diesel fuel. The comparisons include pure diesel fuel at 100%, diesel fuel at 85% + WCGB at 15%, diesel fuel at 75% + WCGB at 25%, and diesel fuel at 65% + WCGB at 35%. The engine was operated at a constant speed of 2500 rpm and varying loads of 1500 g, 2500 g, 3500 g, and 4500 g. The results showed that the best performance of the diesel engine was achieved using 65% diesel fuel + 35% WCGB compared to pure diesel fuel, with increases in torque, power, and thermal efficiency of 13.25%, 13.25%, and 15.62%, respectively. There was also a decrease in specific fuel consumption of 15.62%. The best reduction in exhaust gas emissions was achieved using a fuel blend of 75% pure diesel fuel + 25% WCGB.72 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Effectiveness Analysis of A Liquid Suction Heat Exchanger on The Performance of A 0.5 HP Split Air Conditioner Using CFD Simulation
No full textThis study analyses the thermal effectiveness of Liquid Suction Heat Exchanger (LSHE) in a 0,5 PK split AC system with R-290 refrigerant using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation. The use of LSHE aims to improve the efficiency of the refrigeration cycle amidst demands for the use of environmentally friendly refrigerants
with low Global Warming Potential (GWP). Transient numerical simulation was
performed on the fluted tube-in-tube LSHE geometry using ANSYS Fluent, with
boundary conditions validated from experimental data. Simulation results indicate that
the LSHE functions effectively in the ideal domain, reducing the liquid refrigerant
temperature from 32.2°C to an average of 29.93°C and increasing the vapour
refrigerant temperature from 19.8°C to 21.16°C. The ideal simulation results show
that the heat transfer effectiveness reaches 18.27%. However, there is a significant gap
with the experimental results which only recorded an average effectiveness of 12.11%.
This discrepancy is due to the heat loss to the environment during the experiment.
Nonetheless, the Split AC system with the addition of LSHE was managed to achieve.
In conclusion, LSHE has high theoretical potential, but its actual performance is
greatly affected by practical factors such as external heat loss, which is closely related
to thermal insulation.68 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Kajian Experimental Evaporator untuk Mesin Pendingin Siklus Adsorpsi yang Digerakkan Energi Surya
No full textKebutuhan akan sistem pendingin untuk berbagai macam kebutuhan
konvesional pada daerah terpencil dirasakan semakin meningkat, sementara sistem
pendingin yang sudah ada belum tentu bisa dipakai karena tidak semua daerah terpencil
memiliki jaringan listrik. Untuk itu, dalam penelitian ini dipilih sistem pendingin
adsorpsi dengan menggunakan pasangan karbon aktif dan metanol yang bahan –
bahannya mudah didapat dan tidak menghasilkan polusi, sehingga menghasilkan sistem
pendingin yang ramah lingkungan.
Selain evaporator sebagai komponen utamanya, sistem pendingin adsorpsi
membutuhkan refrigeran dan absorber. Evaporator adalah alat penukar kalor, dimana
dua fluida yang mempunyai suhu yang berbeda, yang satu bersuhu tinggi dan yang
satunya lagi bersuhu rendah, akan bertukar panas sehingga fluida yang menerima panas
akan menguap. Adsorpsi adalah proses penyerapan suatu fasa tertentu (gas, cair) pada
permukaan yang berupa padatan sehingga membentuk suatu film (lapisan tipis) pada
permukaan padatan tersebut.
Keuntungan dari penggunaan mesin pendingin adsorpsi ini adalah sumber
energi yang mudah didapat dan tidak adanya komponen yang bergerak. Mesin
pendingin adsorpsi ini dioperasikan dengan menggunakan panas matahari sebagai
sumber energi. Dengan pemanfaatan sumber energi tersebut dapat dihasilkan suhu
evaporator dibawah 10 0
C pada tingkat suhu pemanasan generator 70 0
C – 90 0
C94 HalamanSkripsi Sarjan
Rancang Bangun Evaporator Tipe Kotak pada Mesin Pendingin Tenaga Surya
No full textEvaporator adalah suatu alat yang digunakan untuk memisahkan dua fasa antar liquid gas dan liquid cair dengan menggunakan media pemanas.Dalam perancangan alat evaporator banyak hal penting yang harus di perhatikan yaitu mulai dari pemahaman cara kerja dari evaporator ,perancangan desain yaitu mengunakan material aluminium dengan dimensi 170 mm x 170 mm x 240 mm dan menggunakan ketebalan aluminium 3 mm dan menggunakan pipa aluminium 3 buah dengan dimensi 100 mm.Pemilihan material yang digunakan ,hal ini bertujuan untuk mndapatkan hasil yang optimal dari kerja alat evaporator.Pengaruh temperatur merupakan hal yang sangat penting dalam proses yang terjadi di dalam evaporator hal tersebut akan menentukan efektifitas dari evaporator sehingga mampu memisahkan kandungan air dalam metanol. Dengan cara memanaskan hingga salah satu komponen menguap pada trayek didihnya,sehingga dapat terpisah dari komponen lainnya dengan menggunakan metanol 90% .Dari hasil perancangan evaporator yang dibuat menghasilkan volume evaporator sebesar 4,046 L.Evaporator is a device used to separate two phases between liquid gas and liquid liquid by using heating media. In the design of evaporator tools many important things must be considered, starting from understanding the workings of the evaporator, designing the design using aluminum material with dimensions 170 mm x 170 mm x 240 mm and using 3 mm aluminum thickness and using 3 pieces of aluminum pipe with dimensions of 100 mm. The choice of material used, it aims to obtain optimal results from the work of the evaporator. The effect of temperature is very important in the process that occurs in the evaporator will determine the effectiveness of the evaporator so that it can separate the water content in methanol. By heating until one component evaporates on its boiling route, so that it can separate from other components by using 90% methanol. From the results of the design of the evaporator that is made produces an evaporator volume of 4.046 L86 HalamanSkripsi Sarjan
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