1,720,969 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Deciphering the Role of Cep55 as a Potent Oncogene and a Potential Therapeutic Target against Triple Negative Breast Cancer
No full textCEP55 (also known as c10orf3 and FLJ10540) is a highly coiled coil protein of 55 kDa and was initially identified by our laboratory, as a pivotal component of cell abscission, the final stage of cytokinesis in somatic cells. Various independent studies over the past decade have highlighted the critical role of CEP55 in recruiting ESCRT machinery at the midbody and facilitating equal segregation of cytoplasmic contents between the daughter cells. CEP55 is regulated in a phosphorylation-dependent manner by CDK1, ERK2 and PLK1 for timely recruitment to midbody. Conversely, in germ cells, CEP55 in partnership with TEX14 has also been shown to be an integral component of the intercellular bridge prior to meiosis. Notably, CEP55 overexpression has been linked to tumorigenesis of various major organs including those of the breast, lung, colon and liver. Its expression has been significantly correlated with aggressiveness, tumor stage, metastasis and poor prognosis across multiple tumor types. CEP55 binds to and stabilizes the catalytic subunit, p110 of PIK3CA and increases AKT signaling. Independently, studies have shown the interplay between CEP55 and FOXM1 in the cancer context which is negatively regulated by TP53, although the mechanisms underlying this theory are not well defined. Despite significant in vitro studies, the role of CEP55 in development and promoting tumorigenesis remain incompletely understood.
In order to decipher the mechanism by which CEP55 promotes tumorigenesis in vivo, we developed a novel “knock-in” transgenic mouse model that ubiquitously overexpresses Cep55 (Cep55Tg/Tg). Unexpectedly, I found that Cep55Tg/Tg male mice were sterile and suffered severe and progressive defects in spermatogenesis due to spermatogonial stem cell (SSC) dysfunction. Thus, in the first research chapter, we have characterized this male-specific phenotype and shown that Cep55 overexpression results in hyper-activation of PI3K/Akt signaling in testis. In line with this, we observed increased phosphorylation of Foxo1, and suppression of its nuclear retention. Independently, I observed that Cep55 amplification favored upregulation Plzf, Ret and Gfra1, factors required for SSC maintenance. Consistent with this data, I also observed selective down-regulation of genes associated with germ cell differentiation in Cep55 overexpressing testes, including Erg4 and Sohlh1. Thus, Cep55 amplification leads to a shift towards the initial maintenance of SSC stemness while blocking SSC differentiation and entry into meiosis. However, in the long term, it results in progressive germ cell loss. Collectively, in this chapter, we have shown that Cep55 overexpression inactivates Foxo1 resulting in degeneration of germ cells and the manifestation of a Sertoli cell only (SCO)-like phenotype similar to that seen in many azoospermic men. In the second research chapter, I demonstrated that the Cep55Tg/Tg mice were susceptible to a wide spectrum of neoplasias arising at approximately 15 months post birth. The tumor spectrum varied from lung adenoma and carcinoma, papillary adenocarcinoma, B-cell and T-cell lymphoma, myelogenous leukemia, haemangiosarcoma and lipoma suggesting Cep55 to be a broad-spectrum oncogene. This is consistent with the overexpression of CEP55 observed in a wide-variety of human cancers. I have observed that Cep55Tg/Tg mice were prone to a higher incidence of lymphomas and sarcomas mimicking Trp53-/- phenotype. Notably, we observed reduced tumor latency in bi-transgenic Cep55wt/Tg Trp53wt/- mice compared to Cep55wt/wt Trp53wt/- mice, indicating loss or suppression of Trp53 function might be an important event in de novo tumorigenesis observed in Cep55Tg/Tg mice. In addition, I have observed that Cep55 amplification in vivo caused hyper-proliferation due to upregulation of the PI3K/Akt pathway and also the Foxm1-Plk1 pathway. Further, I have also demonstrated that Cep55 overexpression promotes genomic instability in vivo and protects polyploid cells during perturbed mitosis. Collectively, I have characterized the oncogenic potential of Cep55 in vivo and showed that Cep55 amplification in mice leads to de novo tumorigenesis through acquisition of genomic instability. In the third research chapter, I have used Breast Cancer (BC) as a model to study the role of CEP55 in regulating the fate of aneuploid cell populations during perturbed mitosis. I have shown that high CEP55 mRNA expression associates with aggressive breast cancer subtypes with poor clinical outcomes. Moreover, I have demonstrated that depletion of CEP55 impacts cell proliferation, anchorage-independent growth and tumor forming capacity in vivo. I have also illustrated that CEP55 overexpression promotes aneuploid cell survival during perturbed mitosis by evading apoptosis. Collectively, these findings highlight the clinical implications of deregulated CEP55 and how this can be exploited for therapy development.
In the fourth and final research chapter, I have demonstrated that CEP55 is transcriptionally controlled by an ERK1/2-MYC axis in BC. Notably, I have shown that inhibition of MEK1/2 using a small molecule inhibitor can mimic depletion of CEP55 in vivo and CEP55-depleted cells cannot tolerate mitotic stress caused by anti-mitotic drugs such as PLK1 inhibitors. Here, I explore the rationale of synergistically targeting the CEP55-dependent PLK1/ERK2 pathways using small the molecule inhibitors AZD6244157 (MEK1/2 inhibitor) and BI2536158 (PLK1 inhibitor) against TNBC. This combination of MEK1/2-PLK1 blockade resulted in selective tumor cell growth inhibition and apoptosis in vitro as well as significant growth retardation and regression in multiple in vivo basal-like breast cancer xenografts models. Mechanistically, I have demonstrated that the dual combination resulted in unscheduled CDK1/Cyclin B activation and favored CDK1-Caspase 3-dependent mitotic catastrophe. Therefore, I have provided preclinical evidence of a novel therapeutic strategy of a MEK1/2-PLK1 dual combination for selectively targeting CEP55 over-expressing BC in the clinic. In summary, these findings illustrate the physiological and oncogenic role of CEP55 in vivo and broaden our understanding of CEP55 function with respect to spermatogenesis and genomic instability. The findings also demonstrate that precise regulation of CEP55 levels are necessary for regular homeostasis, and highlight the therapeutic potential of targeting this protein in aggressive breast cancer.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)School of Natural SciencesScience, Environment, Engineering and TechnologyFull Tex
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
- …
