1,720,959 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Towards a sensorised robotic hand-arm system for humanoids
No full textAnthropomorphism is considered crucial for physical Human-Robot Interaction (pHRI). It is essential for improved efficiency and meaningful pHRI. Anthropomorphism can be imbued in robotic artifacts on three bases: (1) the perceptional bases, which refer to similarities between the robot and humans in form and appearance; (2) the functional bases, which refer to similarities between the robot and humans in motion and sensing capabilities; and (3) the cognitive and emotional bases, which refer to similarities in cognition and emotion between the robot and humans. The goal of this thesis is to achieve anthropomorphism in humanoid robot hand-arm systems on perceptional and functional bases. To this end, the research was divided into the following five specific tasks: (1) design and develop an anatomically correct humanoid robot hand-arm system with perceptional similarity to the human hand and arm in form and whole configuration for our social humanoid Nadine. In addition to being anatomically and proportionally similar to the human hand and arm, the hand-arm system must also have low inertia for safe pHRI and high power-to-mass and high power-to-volume ratios for adequate gripping strength; (2) devise a method to measure kinematic anthropomorphism of humanoid robot hand-arm systems; (3) design and develop artificial fingertip for operating touch sensitive screens; (4) design, develop, and characterize tactile sensors capable of providing object information during manipulation tasks; (5) design and develop multi-modal tactile sensors.
To address the problems of specific task (1), Anthropomorphic proportions and features of the human hand and arm were studied and incorporated into the hand-arm system from very early in the design stage to achieve perceptional similarity. The hand-arm system developed in this research consists of two subsystems: seven degrees of freedom arm and five degrees of freedom polyarticulated robotic hand with fourteen movable joints. The hand-arm system has a modular design. The power-to-mass and power-to-volume ratios of the proposed hand-arm system is 3.83 W/kg and 0.02 W/cm3 respectively. It has low inertia of 0.54 kg-m2.
Majority of methods proposed for measuring anthropomorphism focus on quantifying the structural anthropomorphic form and gestural anthropomorphic form of robotic artifacts. These methods are based on visual inspection of the grasp types performed by the robot and comparing it with the standard grasp taxonomies. Such methods can be subjectively biased and complex processes. To address the problems of specific task (2), an analytical method for quantifying the anthropomorphism of robot hand-arm systems is proposed in this thesis. This method compares the workspace coverage and manipulability of the robot arm and fingers with the human arm and fingers. The analytical method proposed in this thesis is used to measure the kinematic anthropomorphism of robotic hand-arm systems. It was found that the kinematic anthropomorphism of the humanoid robot hand-arm system developed in this thesis is 23.305 %.
In order to operate touch-sensitive screens as mentioned in specific task (3), self-powered, soft, and conductive artificial fingertip pads have been developed using a composite mixture of silicone and microfine graphite powder. The concept of providing sufficient ground is used to make the fingertip pads self-powered.
Aerosol jet 3D printed fingertip tactile pressure sensors were fabricated and characterized to address the problems of specific task (4). Ultra-low-cost (< $1.5), ultra-thin, wide range, and crosstalk-free skin-inspired piezoresistive type tactile sensors were developed. The response time of individual sensing nodes is 4 ms which is faster than the response time of the human skin (30 - 50 ms). The sensors
exhibit high sensitivity (1.35 kPa-1), low hysteresis (9.22 %), and a wide pressure sensing range (5 - 600 kPa). The sensor arrays are assembled on the fingertips of a commercial glove to make a smart glove. By combining the sensor information and deep learning, the smart glove is used to identify sharp and blunt objects with a classification accuracy of 95.9 % and the direction of applied pressure when touched by an object with a classification accuracy of 97.8 %. Furthermore, the smart glove is used to generate pressure maps in real time while grabbing six different objects handled by humans in daily life. Finally, to make the tactile sensors multi-modal as mentioned in specific task (5), a multi-modal sensing palmtop is developed. The palmtop features 390 tactile pressure sensing nodes and 5 hydration sensing nodes. The palmtop is then used to generate pressure maps of three objects of different shapes in real time. It is further used to measure hydration levels during evaporation of 1.3 µl of water in real time.
The first main contribution of this thesis is the new humanoid robot hand-arm system for our social humanoid Nadine. This system features low inertia, high power-to-mass, and high power-to-weight ratios, enabling Nadine to perform more complex tasks and interact with humans more convincingly. Additionally, a self-powered, soft, and conductive touchscreen add-on enhances the hand-arm system’s capabilities to interact with touch-sensitive devices without requiring a bio-electrical connection. With the ability to interact with touch-sensitive devices, social humanoids can also control and manage various touch sensitive devices in smart home systems and public spaces such as malls, airport, and even hospitals, thereby enhancing convenience and comfort for users. The second main contribution is the anthropomorphism measurement tool proposed in this thesis. This method provides the designers with a tool to quantify the kinematic anthropomorphism of robot hand-arm systems. It also provides designers a tool to recognize possible improvements in the design of the hand-arm system analyzed. A higher anthropomorphic score can enhance the naturalness and intuitiveness of interactions, potentially making the robot with the higher score more approachable and user-friendly, ultimately leading to a more positive HRI experience. Finally, wide range, fast responding, and cross-talk free tactile sensors and the palmtop with distributed network of vast number of these sensors proposed and developed in this thesis can help capture meaningful object related crucial information during grasping and manipulation. This innovation has the potential to enhance the performance and precision of robotic systems, ultimately leading to more efficient and effective robotic systems.Doctor of Philosoph
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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