1,720,972 research outputs found
Exploring ethical aspects and regulatory framework for India's sustainable healthcare sector in the era of artificial intelligence
No full textArtificial intelligence (AI) tools like Chat GPT have gained popularity all over the world. The potential of AI has been embraced in some sectors, such as the legal industry, education, and marketing. However, the integration of AI in the healthcare sector has sparked a debate. In jurisdictions like the EU, USA, and Canada, AI is being utilised for medical purposes, accompanied by regulations and guidelines. Conversely, in countries like India, where regulations for AI in healthcare are still developing, there exists a lack of clarity on regulatory frameworks. This chapter analyses regulations from other jurisdictions and identifies challenges India may face in formulating its own. Drawing on an empirical survey involving participants from diverse sectors, the chapter highlights ethical concerns surrounding AI integration in healthcare, including data misuse and patient privacy breaches. The survey underscores the need for robust regulations to govern AI deployment in India's healthcare sector. Additionally, the chapter emphasises the importance of having a sustainable healthcare sector, which ensures sustainability practices are embedded within AI-driven healthcare services. While existing legislation, like the Information Technology Act of 2000 and the National Health Policy of 2017, offer some safeguards, the absence of specific laws poses challenges. Taking inspiration from regulations like the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) of the EU, India can develop laws empowering patients to control their data usage, ensuring transparency and accountability in AI-driven healthcare services
The Way forward for Net Zero: Aligning Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) and holistic sustainable development in South Asia
No full textThis chapter explores the intersection of Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) and sustainable development goals in the context of South Asia, with an emphasis on net zero emissions. It provides an overview of NDCs and their role in global climate agreements like the Paris Agreement, emphasizing the significance of net zero emissions for mitigating climate change. Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, the study uses a systematic literature review method to analyze fifty-six (56) articles and identify critical insights. The research investigates the current status of NDCs in South Asia, including country profiles, commitments, progress, and challenges. It also explores strategies for integrating Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) with NDCs, sectoral approaches to net zero, policy frameworks, financial mechanisms, technology and innovation, monitoring and verification systems, and case studies of successful initiatives. We propose strategic policy recommendations for policymakers to enhance the alignment of NDCs with sustainable development goals. Additionally, areas for future research are identified, including impact assessment, technology innovation, policy integration, behavioral change, and climate justice. The paper concludes by emphasizing the importance of collective action and collaboration in advancing South Asia toward a sustainable and resilient future
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Investigating the Interplay between Social Performance and Organisational Factors Supporting Circular Economy Practices
No full textSustainability is the prime concern for several organisations, regulatory bodies, and industrial professionals in the contemporary business environment. Therefore, a new consumption and production paradigm emerges as the circular economy (CE), which is considered an effective medium to achieve sustainability. However, the adoption or transformation of the circular economy depends on several factors including organisational factors. Therefore, the aim of this study is to explore the role of organisational factors in the adoption of CE practices for achieving social sustainability. Initially, the fifteen organisational factors and eight social sustainability performance outcomes are identified through the literature review and expert feedback. Further, the Best Worst Method (BWM) is applied for the prioritisation of these factors. Additionally, the impact of these factors is also evaluated on the social sustainability performance outcomes using the weighted aggregated sum product assessment (WASPAS) method. The findings show that “long term planning and strategy”, “top management participation” and “alignment of organisation’s vision with CE goals” facilitate CE practices’ adoption. With the implementation of these organisational factors, improvement could be seen in employee satisfaction, fair business operations, and working conditions. The findings are beneficial for managers, policymakers, and researchers to develop strategies for the adoption of CE practices to achieve social sustainability
AI-Driven Water Management: Transforming Conservation Strategies Through IoT Integration
No full textGrowing urbanization has intensified the exploitation of natural resources, leading to the current climate crisis. One of the most exacerbating issues is extreme pressure on rivers and other water bodies. Traditional approaches to water management with laboratory methods are costly and time-consuming. However, with the emergence of the Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI), natural water resources management seems to have a promising future. IoT exchanges real-time data and communicates the same within its interconnected devices, while AI handles and analyzes large amounts of data through machine learning (ML), deep learning, and expert systems. Integration of AI and IoT enables the collection of granular data and draws actionable insights through advanced analytics. IoT-supported sensors, water meters, and communication networks can monitor several quality parameters such as water levels, pressure, flow, and turbidity. Further, AI can be used to process data streams from IoT devices to offer anomaly detection, predictive maintenance, and optimised resource allocation. The present chapter attempts to outline how IoT and AI integration can be leveraged for water sustainability efforts. It explores emerging trends in freshwater resource conservation, while offering avenues for future research and policy development
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