1,721,016 research outputs found
Rising burden of overweight and obesity among Indian adults: empirical insights for public health preparedness
No full textAbstract
With simultaneous efforts to address a huge burden of malnutrition, especially among children and younger women, India also encounters a mushrooming prevalence of overweight and obesity among the adult population. This study analysed data from two consecutive rounds of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS) conducted in 2005–06 and 2015–16, to present the burden of overweight and obesity among adult men and women in India. The findings highlight a rising burden of overweight and obesity, although the level and the extent of change over the study period varied across states. The district-wise analysis revealed geographical clusters of overweight and obesity. Further investigation suggests that overweight or obesity are not exclusive to urban areas, and economically well-off populations are more inclined to be overweight or obese. The trends and patterns of overweight and obesity in India argue for timely public health preparedness and interventions to avoid the rising incidence of non-communicable diseases in India
Incidence of Prehypertension and Hypertension in Rural India, 2012–2018: A Sex-Stratified Population-Based Prospective Cohort Study
No full textPromises and challenges for expanding the use of N2-fixing cyanobacteria as a fertilizer for sustainable agriculture
No full textSustainable production of N-fertilizers is essential to hold the increasing demand for food expected over the next decades. While reduced access to N-fertilizers causes food shortages in some regions of the world, incorrect management in other areas causes detrimental effects on the environment. An increase in the current agricultural exploitation of biological N2-fixation promises a great benefit on both the economic and environmental aspects. To that end, a variety of novel strategies have been proposed and were actively investigated and improved over the last decade.One of such strategies consists in the production of biomass of N2-fixing cyanobacteria and its application as a fertilizer and soil conditioner. Separating biological fertilizer production under optimized conditions for that sole purpose from soil fertilization and crop cultivation might bypass the probabilities of the microorganisms´ adaptation to the agronomic conditions and facilitate the management of the fertilizer. Last decade?s advances in different fields of science and technology might lead to mature technology for this strategy to contribute an alternative source of N-fertilizer for sustainable agriculture. This review will compile the main recent advances in 1) massive cultivation of cyanobacteria, including the use and recycling of nutrients in domestic or industrial wastewater; 2) biomass mineralization in the soil; 3) cyanobacterial production of accessory bioactive compounds for stimulating plant growth and/or improving soil characteristics; 4) empirical evidence for efficient plant fertilization and soil conditioning; 5) genetic engineering tools for the optimization of selected traits in cyanobacteria for their use as organic fertilizer; and 6) multi-institutional projects, as well as the main present and future challenges towards the industrial application of this technology.Fil: Ambrosio, Rafael. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Biotecnología; ArgentinaFil: Sánchez Rizza, Lara. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Biotecnología; ArgentinaFil: Do Nascimento, Mauro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Biotecnología; ArgentinaFil: Pacheco Jimenez, Hugo Guillermo. Universidad Católica de Santa María; PerúFil: Miranda Ramos, Lilia Mary. Universidad Nacional de San Agustin; PerúFil: Hernandez, Jose A.. Pachhunga University College. Department of Zoology, Mizoram University; India. Amity University. Amity Institute of Microbial Technology; IndiaFil: Curatti, Leonardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Biotecnología; Argentin
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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