1,721,072 research outputs found
Investigation into the anti-tumor responses of CD4+ T cells in human lung cancer
No full textCD8+ cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) are vital components of anti-tumor immunity and CD4+ T helper cells play a pivotal role in the activation and maintenance of CTL responses. Despite this generally acknowledged vital role for CD4+ T cells, their role in anti-cancer immunity is not well understood. Further, the interplay between CD4+ T cells and CD8+ CTLs within the tumor microenvironment and the resultant impact on anti-tumor immune responses remains to be elucidated. This thesis aims to investigate the CD4+ T cell immune responses within lung tumors. In the first section of this thesis, I investigated the transcriptomic characteristics of tumorinfiltrating CD4+ lymphocytes in lung cancer patients. The transcriptomic landscape was determined by RNA-Sequencing which revealed a core CD4+ TIL transcriptional program suggestive of T-cell activation that was distinct from that of CD4+ T cells that infiltrated the non-tumor lung tissue. This profile suggested extensive molecular reprogramming in the CD4+ T cells present in the tumor microenvironment (Chapter 3). To determine the nature of CD4+ T cells that were associated with robust anti-tumor CD8+ cytotoxic T cell responses, I profiled the transcriptomes of patientmatched CD4+ and CD8+ T cells present in the tumor micro-environment and analyzed them jointly using integrated weighted gene correlation network analysis. Strikingly, the follicular helper T cell (TFH) program in CD4+ T cells was found to be strongly associated with proliferation, cytotoxicity and tissue-residency in CD8+ CTLs (Chapter 4). To further characterize the features of the follicular CD4+ TILs, data was analyzed at the single cell resolution. Single-cell analysis demonstrated the presence of CXCL13-expressing TFH-like CD4+ T cells with features of cytotoxicity and provision of CD8+ T cell ‘help’ within tumors. Tumor-infiltrating TFH-like cells expressed PD-1 and were enriched in tumors following checkpoint blockade, suggesting that they may respond to anti-PD-1 therapy. The findings were also validated by using published single-cell transcriptomic datasets in different tumor type (Chapter 5). In conclusion, our findings provide insights into the molecular identity and functional properties of tumor-infiltrating CXCL13-expressing TFH-like CD4+ T cells that are associated with robust anti-tumor CTL and TRM responses. Future work will aim towards functional investigations using in-vivo and invitro studies to understand the mechanisms involved
RNA sequencing data for CD4+ T cells infiltrating human lung cancer
Full text linkThis dataset supports the thesis entitled ‘Investigation into the anti-tumor responses of CD4+ T cells in human lung cancer.’ Doctoral Thesis, University of Southampton 2021. The dataset describes the TPM counts for all genes in CD4 T cells isolated from lung cancer. The dataset also describes the statistical values for all genes found differentially expressed between CXCL13 expressing vs non-expressing cells. Further, the dataset provides details on all single cells sequenced in this study.
Related publication: bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.01.08.898346</span
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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