1,720,973 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Principles of designing interpretable optogenetic behavior experiments
No full textOver the last decade, there has been much excitement about the use of optogenetic tools to test whether specific cells, regions, and projection pathways are necessary or sufficient for initiating, sustaining, or altering behavior. However, the use of such tools can result in side effects that can complicate experimental design or interpretation. The presence of optogenetic proteins in cells, the effects of heat and light, and the activity of specific ions conducted by optogenetic proteins can result in cellular side effects. At the network level, activation or silencing of defined neural populations can alter the physiology of local or distant circuits, sometimes in undesired ways. We discuss how, in order to design interpretable behavioral experiments using optogenetics, one can understand, and control for, these potential confounds.National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (NIH Director’s Pioneer Award 1DP1NS087724)MIT Media Lab ConsortiumNational Institutes of Health (U.S.) (NIH grant 1R01DA029639)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (NIH grant 2R44NS070453)Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Synthetic Intelligence Laborator
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Gamma-frequency entrainment using audiovisual 40 Hz flicker
No full textNeural oscillations, or brain waves, are endogenous rhythms of synchronized electrical activity that are the result of communication between large groups of cortical and/or subcortical neurons. Using entrainment methodologies, neural oscillations can be exogenously modulated in a non-invasive manner. One such methodology is gamma-frequency audiovisual stimulation, referred to here as “flicker”. Building on previous work which has shown that flicker can significantly improve Alzheimer’s Disease pathology, the present work tests the effects of flicker on memory and attention in healthy adults. Using the Rapid Series Visual Presentation (RSVP) behavioral task, we found statistically significant improvements in response time as a result of 40 Hz stimulation, with an effect size (using Cohen’s d) of 0.7026 when compared to No Stimulation and 0.5233 when compared to Random stimulation. We also found that Random stimulation, which delivers the same amount of stimulation as 40 Hz but on the minute timescale (while being asynchronous at the millisecond scale), increases False Alarm Rate (FAR), which is the rate at which subjects answer “Yes” on the RSVP task when the correct answer is “No”. Using the Signal Detection Model, these results were linked to the stimulation conditions affecting either the sensory and/or decision processes through either synchroneity/asynchroneity or through a power effect, i.e., sheer amount of stimulation. However, to support these speculations about the neural processes belying the behavioral results will require neuroimaging data. The key direction to take this study in the future would be to gather neuroimaging data, likely EEG.Undergraduat
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
- …
