1,720,966 research outputs found
Rezension: Kämpf, Tobias: Die neue Unsicherheit - Folgen der Globalisierung für hochqualifizierte Arbeitnehmer
Full text linkNeue Unsicherheiten und neue Grenzziehungen - zum Wandel von Angestelltenarbeit in Finanzdienstleistungsunternehmen
Full text linkDieser Artikel präsentiert Ergebnisse einer qualitativen Untersuchung zur subjektiven Beschäftigtenwahrnehmung von Wandel und Kontinuität der Arbeit in zwei Finanzdienstleistungsunternehmen. Diagnostiziert wird ein tiefgreifender Bruch, der aus Perspektive der Angestellten in erster Linie als Prozess der Entsicherung beschrieben wird. Als Treiber der Verunsicherung identifiziere ich nicht allein die unmittelbare Bedrohung durch Arbeitsplatzverlust, sondern zusätzlich eine weitreichende Auflösung des tradierten Sozialmodells, die Destabilisierung von Kooperations- und Sozialbezügen im Zuge permanenter Reorganisation und Vermarktlichung sowie widersprüchliche (Leistungs-)Anforderungen an das Individuum. Die Unsicherheit beschädigt die Orientierungs- und Handlungsfähigkeit des Individuums, es droht der Verlust des Kohärenzgefühls. In einem zweiten Schritt beschreibe ich Begrenzung und Rückzüge als Formen des Beschäftigtenverhaltens in den neuen Verhältnissen: Begrenzung der Identifikation mit dem Unternehmen, quantitative Begrenzung der Arbeitskraftverausgabung, Begrenzung informeller Kooperation und opportunistisches Zurückhalten von Kritik und Initiative als Form begrenzten Involvements. Ich bilanziere, dass die Bearbeitung der neuen Unsicherheit in der Angestelltenarbeit die Subjekte vielfach überfordert, dass Vermarktlichung bestimmte Formen subjektiver Einbringung eher hemmt denn fördert und dass die Individuen auch unter prekären Bedingungen nicht umstandslos den neuen Anforderungen fügen.This article uses qualitative data from two case studies to examine change and continuity in white collar employment. Data was collected in two financial institutions in order to capture employee perspectives and reconstruct workers practical involvement and reaction to change. This research finds deep feelings of uncertainty amongst Angestellte. The new uncertainty can be traced back to various sources, is not necessarily triggered by threats of immediate job loss. Employees describe more far reaching processes: traditional forms of interaction between management and employees and normative integration have eroded; safeguarding mechanisms have been dismantled. Market driven restructuring has had a negative impact on social and cooperative relations at work and individuals are being confronted by contradictory demands. These processes have impeded on individual’s capacity to orientate themselves at work and develop capacities for strategic action. I then go on to describe employee’s practical behaviour. Even though precarity might discipline workers and increase effort, employees displayed alternative reactions as well: disengagement, disloyalty, soldiering, opportunism and reduced informal cooperation were manifest forms of employee behaviour. I conclude that marketization does not necessarily produce employees capable and willing to deal with uncertainty in ways wished for by management
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Ungleiche Parallelwelten - zur Organisation von Arbeit in der Paketzustellung
Full text linkDer Beitrag untersucht die Arbeit der Paketzusteller. Ein feldanalytischer Zugriff auf die Regulierung der Arbeit offenbart, dass von der einen Paketzustellung keine Rede sein kann. Vielmehr ist das Feld in drei Welten untergliedert, in denen die Institutionen der Arbeitsregulierung unterschiedliche Rollen spielen: die Welt der global operierenden Logistikkonzerne, die Welt der kleinbetrieblichen Subunternehmen und die Welt der selbstfahrenden Kleinstunternehmer. Die Segmentierung des Feldes ist eine direkte Folge des umfangreichen und primär kostengetriebenen Outsourcings der großen Logistikkonzerne. Zugleich wird die von erheblichen sozialen Ungleichheiten begleitete organisationale Segmentierung von kulturellen Differenzen befestigt. In den beiden Welten der Subunternehmen und der Selbstfahrer breiten sich Ansätze einer Kultur der Patronage aus: Angesichts der aus der Unsicherheit ihrer Positionen resultierenden Unmöglichkeit einer rationalen Zukunftsvorausschau versuchen die Akteure, durch die Unterwerfung unter die Macht der Logistikkonzerne doch eine gewisse Kontrolle über ihre eigene Zukunft zu gewinnen - und tragen dabei ironischerweise zur Reproduktion genau jener Machtasymmetrien bei, die für die Unsicherheit der eigenen Positionen verantwortlich sind.Based on primary interview data, the contribution analyzes the work of couriers in the German parcel delivery industry. In applying a field analysis, it is shown that the parcel delivery industry is far from a homogenous field. Instead it is divided into three relatively closed and highly unequal worlds, each dominated by a distinct economic rationality and characterized by a certain institutional logic: the world of global logistic corporations, the world of small subcontractors and the world of self-employed couriers. Segmentation of the field is primarily driven by large corporation’s voluminous and cost-driven outsourcing. It is, however, reinforced by the particular economic rationality characterizing the worlds of subcontractors and self-employed. These rather powerless actors are incapable of developing a rational-calculative approach to the future. In order to gain some control over their own future they tend to submit to the power of the big corporations. A culture of patronage is proliferating in these worlds which is positively associated with the increase of inequality
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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