1,720,999 research outputs found
Increasing sustainability in palaeoproteomics by optimizing digestion times for large-scale archaeological bone analyses
No full textLe Meillour & Sinet-Mathiot et al. Increasing sustainability in palaeoproteomics by optimizing digestion times for large-scale archaeological bone analyses:
MALDI-ToF MS data (raw data: mzML files, merged spectra: msd files) used for the ZooMS analysis of the bone material from Baishiya Karst Cave (China) and La Draga (Spain), along with the R codes for merging triplicates into one msd file
Increasing sustainability in palaeoproteomics by optimizing digestion times for large-scale archaeological bone analyses
No full text<p><strong>Le Meillour & Sinet-Mathiot <em>et al. 2024</em> Increasing sustainability in palaeoproteomics by optimizing digestion times for large-scale archaeological bone analyses</strong></p>
<p><strong>DOI: </strong><strong><span><a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2024.109432" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><span>10.1016/j.isci.2024.109432</span></a></span></strong></p>
<p>MALDI-ToF MS data (raw data: mzML files, merged spectra: msd files) used for the ZooMS analysis of the bone material from Baishiya Karst Cave (China) and La Draga (Spain), along with the R codes for merging triplicates into one msd file. </p>
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A 41,500 year-old decorated ivory pendant from Stajnia Cave (Poland)
Full text linkEvidence of mobiliary art and body augmentation are associated with the cultural innovations
introduced by Homo sapiens at the beginning of the Upper Paleolithic. Here, we report the discovery
of the oldest known human-modified punctate ornament, a decorated ivory pendant from the
Paleolithic layers at Stajnia Cave in Poland. We describe the features of this unique piece, as well
as the stratigraphic context and the details of its chronometric dating. The Stajnia Cave plate is a
personal ’jewellery’ object that was created 41,500 calendar years ago (directly radiocarbon dated). It
is the oldest known of its kind in Eurasia and it establishes a new starting date for a tradition directly
connected to the spread of modern Homo sapiens in Europe
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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Towards a deeper integration of ZooMS and zooarchaeology at Paleolithic sites: current challenges and future directions
Full text linkAdvances in biomolecular methods, in particular the study of ancient proteins (paleoproteomics), have revolutionized how we can taxonomically identify archaeological bone fragments. Alongside traditional zooarchaeological assignments based on the visual inspection of morphological criteria, variations in collagen type I amino acid sequences can now be used to distinguish which animal a bone fragment belonged to. Using MALDI-ToF mass spectrometry, this method, known as Zooarchaeology by Mass Spectrometry (ZooMS), is now being applied regularly to archaeological faunal assemblages and, often at a large-scale, at Paleolithic sites. However, detailed explorations of how these ZooMS datasets can best be integrated with zooarchaeological and taphonomic data are only in their infancy. To further advance this field, we hosted a workshop at the University of Kent in 2023, bringing together both zooarchaeologists and ZooMS specialists, to showcase and discuss various ways of integrating ZooMS and zoo-archaeological data, especially within Paleolithic contexts. This special issue results from the papers presented at this workshop. In this introductory paper we reflect on the open discussion sessions that formed an essential part of the workshop. First, we discuss a series of methodological challenges; this includes the recording of zooarchaeology and taphonomy on morphologically unidentifiable bone fragments, ZooMS study design and sample selection, pre-screening and sampling, pre-treatment and collagen extraction, and the acquisition, processing, and interpretation of MALDI data. Second, we delve deeper into the interpretive potential, and the wealth of future research directions, of a full contribution of ZooMS to a range of zooarchaeological research topics. In concordance with the seven research papers in this issue, this introduction illustrates how a well-designed study, integrating zooarchaeological and taphonomic observations across both the morphological and ZooMS-identified fractions, cannot only increase the number of identifiable specimens at a site, but also provide novel insights into site formation histories, collection biases, carnivore behavior, environmental conditions, and past human subsistence, including site use, seasonality, carcass transport, prey preference, and butchery practices
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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