1,720,975 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS WITH AND WITHOUT ICD-9 DIAGNOSED SEVERE SEPSIS AND SEPTIC SHOCK
Get PDFTitle: Outcomes in Patients With and Without ICD-9 Diagnosed Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock Purpose: To evaluate the hypothesis that patients who present to the emergency department with objective findings of severe sepsis or septic shock, but who are not specifically diagnosed, denoted by absence of 995.92 or 785.52, are treated less aggressively and have worse outcomes than similar patients who are specifically diagnosed with severe sepsis or septic shock. Design: Retrospective cohort study Setting: University of Kansas Hospital, academic medical center, emergency department Patients: 6885 patients with severe sepsis or septic shock Methods: Data were extracted from the electronic health record using the query tool HERON, to identify patients with severe sepsis or septic shock admitted through the emergency department, between 11/01/07–09/31/15. Patients aged ≥ 18 years, who had an infection, received an antibiotic ≤ 8 hours after triage, and meet criteria for severe sepsis and/or septic shock were eligible for inclusion. Severe sepsis was defined either by explicit diagnosis, ICD-9 995.92, or clinical criteria, infection + ≥2 sites of organ dysfunction. Septic shock was identified by one of the following: 1) an explicit diagnosis of septic shock, ICD-9 785.52, 2) criteria for severe sepsis and an ICD-9 code of other shock or shock unspecified (785.50 or 785.59), or 3) criteria for severe sepsis and received a vasopressor. We compared treatment rates, based on the Surviving Sepsis Campaign three-hour recommendations, and outcome differences between severe sepsis and septic shock patients who had a diagnosis code of 995.92 or 785.52 to patients who met criteria, but were never diagnosed as denoted by no ICD-9 diagnosis code. Main Results: A total of 6885 eligible patients were identified, with a mean age of 60.4 years ± 16.9 (mean ± standard deviation). Half of patients were male, (51.3%) and 42.5% received an ICD-9 diagnosis code of 995.92 or 785.52. Septic shock was coded more frequently than severe sepsis (74.1% vs 32.8%). Three-hour bundle protocol completion rates were low for all patients (8.6%), but higher for those with an ICD-9 code than patients without (9.6% vs 7.9%, p=0.02). Average time to first antibiotic administration was also earlier for those with a diagnosis code (3.2 ± 3.1 hours vs 3.93 ± 3.9 hours, p <0.001). Therapeutic components of the 3-hour protocol, administration of an antibiotic and IV fluids if needed, were also found to be administered more often in patients with a diagnosis code (34.8% vs 28.6%, p<0.001). Within the cohort, 5631 (81.7%) patients had severe sepsis and no shock. Those with an ICD-9 code of 995.92 had higher mortality (6.3% vs 2.3%), higher ICU admission rates (44.7% vs 22.5%), and hospital lengths of stay (9.2 ± 6.9 days vs 6.9 ± 6.7 days), (all p<0.001). Discharge locations were also different. Severe sepsis patients with an ICD-9 diagnosis code were discharged home less (43.6% vs 52.0%, p<0.001), were discharged to hospice more (6.1% vs 4.4%, p<0.001), and were given home health services more often (22.4% vs 19.5%, p=0.01). Readmission rates (30-day) were highest for patients without an ICD-9 code of 995.92 (20.9% vs 25.5%, p<0.001). Among patients with shock (n=1254, 20.5%), there was no significant difference in mortality or post-hospital discharge locations between those with an ICD-9 diagnosis code of 785.52 and those without. Of interest, patients without an ICD-9 code of 785.52 had higher ICU admission rates (90.2% vs 83.8%), longer hospital stays (16.7 ± 14.8 days vs 13.4 ± 12.3 days), and longer ICU stays (7.7 ± 8.2 days vs 5.5 ± 6.2 days), (all p <.001). Conclusions: Patients with severe sepsis and septic shock continue to be underdiagnosed as evidence by ICD-9 codes and undertreated according to international surviving sepsis guidelines. Patients meeting shock criteria are more often diagnosed than those with severe sepsis. Overall, treatment rates were sub-optimal, but patients with an ICD-9 diagnosis had higher total and therapeutic component rates. Among septic shock patients without a code, secondary outcomes including ICU admission and hospital and ICU length of stays were worse compared to patients with an ICD-9 diagnosis code of 785.52. Patients with severe sepsis and without a diagnosis code had higher 30-day readmission rates. Further investigation is needed to identify factors contributing to ICD-9 code assignments, as well as financial implications of under-coding. Disclosures: The authors have nothing to disclose
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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