1,720,956 research outputs found
Idea Propagation in Social Networks: The Role of ‘Cognitive Advantage’
No full textExisting models of information transmission emphasize the role that structural factors play in the network-mediated spread of new ideas. Such models, however, often fail to account for the potentially significant role of psychological and cognitive factors in shaping the profile of idea propagation within culturally-circumscribed communities. The central thesis of this paper is that pre-existing culturally-shared idea networks play a significant role in the dynamics of socially-mediated information transmission. They do this, we suggest, by determining the relative ‘cognitive advantage’ of particular ideas. The cognitive advantage of an idea is, in broad terms, the acceptability of an idea to a particular community, and it contributes, we argue, to the differential rate of spread of specific ideas through a social network. Understanding the cognitive advantage of an idea requires a detailed understanding of the background beliefs and values with which a new idea must interact and sometimes compete with in order to become fully established. Thus, just as the success of a new species in a particular ecological niche is determined by an existing nexus of inter-species relationships, so too the acceptability of a new idea is determined by an existing nexus of beliefs and values adopted by a particular community. In order to better understand the cognitive advantage of new ideas, we must develop a better understanding of the ‘cognitive niche’ into which new ideas are to be introduced. Cultural Network Analysis is a technique that enables us to analyze and represent the idea networks of specific cultural groups, and it therefore provides one means by which the cognitive advantage of new ideas may be evaluated. When combined with conventional approaches to modelling information flow and influence in social networks, we suggest that the notion of cognitive advantage allows us to better account for the profile of idea propagation within real-world communities. It therefore provides an important step towards the development of more ecologically-realistic models of group-level cognitive dynamics
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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