1,720,961 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
The Effects of Different Wearable Resistance Loads and Placements During Vertical Jumping and Sprint Running
No full textSeveral training options are available to produce specific adaptations depending on the requirement of the sport and the athlete. Specific strength exercises that closely mimic the sporting performance action enable overload and most likely optimise transference of adaptation to the sport/activity of interest. An example of this is wearable resistance (WR) (i.e. an external load attached to the body) which enables movement specific actions to be performed with additional resistance attached to various areas of the body. WR may be a potential training option that allows athletes to train full body strength, speed and power exercises without compromising technique. Acute and longitudinal performance increases have been reported in jumping and sprint running with WR; however, clarity is lacking when specifying the optimum load and load placement position. Previous WR research has involved weighted vests, hand held weights or loads attached to the thigh, ankle or foot. However, recent technological developments have enabled WR loading configurations to be attached to multiple areas of the body allowing greater functional dynamic actions to be performed. Therefore, the purpose of this thesis was to determine the acute kinematic and kinetic changes in vertical jump (VJ) and sprint running performance with differing load magnitudes and load placements.
The aim of the first study was to determine the acute changes in kinematics and kinetics when an additional load equivalent to 3 or 6% body mass (BM) was attached to the upper or lower body during vertical jumping. Twenty athletic subjects performed the counter movement jump (CMJ), drop jump (DJ) and pogo jump (PJ) in a randomised fashion wearing no external load, 3 or 6% BM affixed to the upper or lower body (three jumps per condition). The main finding in terms of the landing phase was that the effect of WR was non-significant. However, landing relative vertical ground reaction force (Fv) tended to be higher with the same magnitude of lower WR compared to upper WR. With regards to the propulsive phase the main findings were that: 1) for both the CMJ and DJ, WR resulted in a significant decrease in jump height (CMJ: -12 to -17%, DJ: -10 to -14%), relative peak power (CMJ: -8 to -17%, DJ: -7 to -10%) and peak velocity (CMJ: -4 to -7%, DJ: -3 to -8%); 2) there was no significant effect of load placement; and, 3) PJ reactive strength index was significantly reduced (-15 to -21%) with all WR conditions. Consideration should be given to the inclusion of WR in sports where VJ?s are important components as it may provide a novel training stimulus.
The purpose of the second study was to determine the acute changes in kinematics and kinetics when an additional load equivalent to 3% BM was attached to the anterior or posterior surface of the lower limbs during sprint running. Nineteen male rugby athletes performed six 20 m sprints in a randomised fashion wearing no resistance or 3% BM affixed to the anterior or posterior surface of the lower limbs (two sprints per condition). No significant differences were found between the anterior and posterior WR conditions in any of the variables of interest. There was no significant change in sprint times over the initial 10 m; however the 10 to 20 m split times were significantly slower (-2 to -3%) for the WR conditions compared to the unloaded sprints. A significant change in the relative force-velocity (F-v) slope (-10 to -11%) and theoretical maximum velocity (V0) (-5 to -6%) was found, while a non-significant increase in theoretical maximum force (F0) (5%) occurred. WR of 3% BM may be a suitable training modality to enhance sprint running acceleration performance without negatively affecting sprint running kinematics, particularly for athletes requiring a more force dominant F-v profile.
WR provides a novel overload training method for an athlete that enables vertical jumping and sprint running to be performed without negatively impacting on kinematics. WR training may benefit athletes for whom explosive lower-body movements such as jumping and sprint running are performed as part of training and competition
The Effects of Different Wearable Resistance Loads and Placements During Vertical Jumping and Sprint Running
No full textSeveral training options are available to produce specific adaptations depending on the requirement of the sport and the athlete. Specific strength exercises that closely mimic the sporting performance action enable overload and most likely optimise transference of adaptation to the sport/activity of interest. An example of this is wearable resistance (WR) (i.e. an external load attached to the body) which enables movement specific actions to be performed with additional resistance attached to various areas of the body. WR may be a potential training option that allows athletes to train full body strength, speed and power exercises without compromising technique. Acute and longitudinal performance increases have been reported in jumping and sprint running with WR; however, clarity is lacking when specifying the optimum load and load placement position. Previous WR research has involved weighted vests, hand held weights or loads attached to the thigh, ankle or foot. However, recent technological developments have enabled WR loading configurations to be attached to multiple areas of the body allowing greater functional dynamic actions to be performed. Therefore, the purpose of this thesis was to determine the acute kinematic and kinetic changes in vertical jump (VJ) and sprint running performance with differing load magnitudes and load placements.
The aim of the first study was to determine the acute changes in kinematics and kinetics when an additional load equivalent to 3 or 6% body mass (BM) was attached to the upper or lower body during vertical jumping. Twenty athletic subjects performed the counter movement jump (CMJ), drop jump (DJ) and pogo jump (PJ) in a randomised fashion wearing no external load, 3 or 6% BM affixed to the upper or lower body (three jumps per condition). The main finding in terms of the landing phase was that the effect of WR was non-significant. However, landing relative vertical ground reaction force (Fv) tended to be higher with the same magnitude of lower WR compared to upper WR. With regards to the propulsive phase the main findings were that: 1) for both the CMJ and DJ, WR resulted in a significant decrease in jump height (CMJ: -12 to -17%, DJ: -10 to -14%), relative peak power (CMJ: -8 to -17%, DJ: -7 to -10%) and peak velocity (CMJ: -4 to -7%, DJ: -3 to -8%); 2) there was no significant effect of load placement; and, 3) PJ reactive strength index was significantly reduced (-15 to -21%) with all WR conditions. Consideration should be given to the inclusion of WR in sports where VJ?s are important components as it may provide a novel training stimulus.
The purpose of the second study was to determine the acute changes in kinematics and kinetics when an additional load equivalent to 3% BM was attached to the anterior or posterior surface of the lower limbs during sprint running. Nineteen male rugby athletes performed six 20 m sprints in a randomised fashion wearing no resistance or 3% BM affixed to the anterior or posterior surface of the lower limbs (two sprints per condition). No significant differences were found between the anterior and posterior WR conditions in any of the variables of interest. There was no significant change in sprint times over the initial 10 m; however the 10 to 20 m split times were significantly slower (-2 to -3%) for the WR conditions compared to the unloaded sprints. A significant change in the relative force-velocity (F-v) slope (-10 to -11%) and theoretical maximum velocity (V0) (-5 to -6%) was found, while a non-significant increase in theoretical maximum force (F0) (5%) occurred. WR of 3% BM may be a suitable training modality to enhance sprint running acceleration performance without negatively affecting sprint running kinematics, particularly for athletes requiring a more force dominant F-v profile.
WR provides a novel overload training method for an athlete that enables vertical jumping and sprint running to be performed without negatively impacting on kinematics. WR training may benefit athletes for whom explosive lower-body movements such as jumping and sprint running are performed as part of training and competition
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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