1,720,954 research outputs found
Repeated sub-optimal photodynamic treatments with pheophorbide a induce an epithelial mesenchymal transition in prostate cancer cells via nitric oxide
No full textPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) is a clinically approved treatment that causes a selective cytotoxic effect in cancer cells. In addition to the production of singlet oxygen and reactive oxygen species, PDT can induce the release of nitric oxide (NO) by up-regulating nitric oxide synthases (NOS). Since non-optimal PDT often causes tumor recurrence, understanding the molecular pathways involved in the photoprocess is a challenging task for scientists. The present study has examined the response of the PC3 human metastatic prostate cancer cell line following repeated low-dose pheophorbide a treatments, mimicking non-optimal PDT treatment. The analysis was focused on the NF-kB/YY1/RKIP circuitry as it is (i) dysregulated in cancer cells, (ii) modulated by NO and (iii) correlated with the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). We hypothesized that a repeated treatment of non-optimal PDT induces low levels of NO that lead to cell growth and EMT via the regulation of the above circuitry. The expressions of gene products involved in the circuitry and in EMT were analyzed by western blot. The findings demonstrate the cytoprotective role of NO following non-optimal PDT treatments that was corroborated by the use of L-NAME, an inhibitor of NOS
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Eating Perceptions Of University Students Who Are Following A Special Restrictive Diet: The Food And Health Survey
No full textThesis (Master's)--University of Washington, 2016-12University of Washington Abstract Eating Perceptions Of University Students Who Are Following A Special Restrictive Diet: The Food And Health Survey Francesca Simonella Chair of the Supervisory Committee: Marian L. Neuhouser, PhD, RD Department of Epidemiology Background: Many consumers follow food restrictions, sometimes based on unregulated sources of information. The goal of this study was to evaluate the eating perceptions of university students who are following a restrictive diet. Methods: The Food and Health survey was a cross-sectional study of students of the University of Washington (UW). Inclusion criteria were being a non-pregnant student older than 18 years and following a diet described by at least one of the following characteristics: gluten-free, dairy-free, genetically modified organisms-free, Paleolithic or other. The survey included questions on socio-demographics, diet restrictions, food- and health-related knowledge, diagnosis, sources of diet information and perceptions of RDs. Results were summarized with descriptive statistics. The Fisher’s Exact test (α=0.05) calculated an exact probability value for the relationship between: 1) single socio-demographic variables and single diet features, 2) expected and observed physical improvement since diet initiation, and 3) medical necessity for and adherence to a gluten-free diet. Results: A total of 47 participants completed the survey. The typical respondent was female (72.4 %), younger than 24 (44.7%), non-Hispanic (93.6%), white (72.3%), undergraduate (46.8%) and with sufficient funds for monthly food purchases (61.7%). Respondents followed varied combinations of diet restrictions, with “gluten-free” the most frequently reported (42.6%). A higher percentage of females than males was following a diet that was at least gluten-free (p<0.05). The majority of the respondents had started their diet to improve physical symptoms (63.8%) and a significantly higher percentage of these respondents than those with other reasons to start a diet achieved such goal (p<0.01). Also, two thirds of the respondents reported a medical condition and a significantly higher percentage of those with gluten- related disorders than other diagnoses reported following a gluten-free diet (p<0.01). The most common diagnosis providers were medical doctors (58.1%) and self (32.3%) while only 19.4% received a diagnosis by RDs. The internet was the most common source of diet information (68.9%). Finally, respondents had a neutral opinion about the time (36.9%) and money (54.5%) required to visit RDs. Conclusion: Although the sample size is small, the study provides a better understanding of food avoidance in university students following a restrictive diet. Future research should explore how RDs could utilize online resources to support individuals with restrictive diets
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
- …
