1,721,011 research outputs found
The Effect of Seat Pan Slope on Lumbar Posture of High School Students As Measured with Shapetape™
No full textThere has been a large amount of scientific study done on sitting posture and chair design. To the author\u27s knowledge, no research has been done on stools without a backrest and the relationship of seat pan tilt and sitting posture, with an attempt to directly measure lumbar curvature. In addition, this study used a new type of noninvasive technology applied directly to the subject to study the shape of the lumbar spine. The research conducted in this study addressed this research void by measuring the shape of the lumbar spine using the depth of curvature and spinal curvature inflection point as the dependent variables and the tilt of the seat pan as the independent variable. The results and recommendations of this pilot study can be used to justify a larger study to include more subjects and females as well as males
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Effect of Computer Keyboard Slope and Computer Workstation Dimensions on Wrist Extension Angle
No full textThe rapid advancement of technology has made computers today\u27s most common tool assisting office workers. In every aspect of jobs, it is obvious that workers have relied much on the use of computer. This circumstance, unfortunately, causes an increased risk of computer-related syndromes, both quantitative and qualitatively This study is interested in examining the aspect of wrist posture in flexion/extension plane and its relation to the wrist-related musculoskeletal disorders. MSDs at the wrist include carpal tunnel syndrome, tendonitis, and tenosynovitis. To the author\u27s knowledge, the studies of wrist extension while typing have focused, thus far, on determining the effect of one single factor of keyboard or workstation settings on wrist posture while typing. Also lacking is the association of the wrist extension and the typing method used by VDT workers. Thus, this study will address the research voids of the joint effect of several typing factors, such as the keyboard slope, keyboard height, typing method, and the presence/absence of wrist rest, on wrist extension angle while typing. The means to achieve this goal are multiple regression models. Furthermore, the empirical models will be developed based on the typing postures of VDT workers in actual office situations rather than in the laboratory situation
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Effects of Bit Type on Maximum Torque and Axial Force Using Manual Screwdrivers
Full text linkThe screwdriver is a tool that has been among the most widely used hand tools for decades and continues to be used in the workplace to perform a variety of fastening tasks. Advancements in fastener technology have been complemented by the development of new types of screwdriver bits. While designs may vary, so do the force application requirements placed on the tool user. The primary objective of this experiment is to analyze the relationship between user torque and screwdriver bit design. A further objective is to utilize the results to develop an effort metric by which bits of different designs can be compared. In this experiment, three types of screwdriver bit designs (straight, Phillips, and combination of straight/Phillips (ECX)) were tested to determine how the design affects the amount and type of force applied by the user when performing a fastening task. The designs were tested to simulate fastener tightening and loosening operations. Sixteen participants were tested in this study. Although there was no significant effect, the data suggest that the Phillips bit design allow subjects to exert the maximum torque and the minimum axial force. This divergence suggests that the Phillips bit may have a higher biomechanical effort ratio, which is greater torque for the same or lower axial force. Finally, the data suggest there is little difference in user torque exertion between the ECX bit and the straight bit designs. Subjective assessment indicated that users overwhelmingly preferred the Phillips bit design. Bit designs requiring less axial force for the same torque exertion level reduce the overall muscular effort of the user, allowing work to be completed more efficiently and may reduce the risk of musculoskeletal disorder affecting the wrist, elbow, and shoulder. Results may also assist designers by allowing them to select fasteners that provide sufficient mechanical integrity of the design while maximizing user effectiveness
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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