847 research outputs found
Vita Sancti Bertini metrica, Simone auctore, par François Morand.
No full textP. L. Vita Sancti Bertini metrica, Simone auctore, par François Morand.. In: Bibliothèque de l'école des chartes. 1872, tome 33. pp. 304-305
Avvelenamenti da fitofarmaci: aspetti tossicologici ed indagini diagnostiche nelle intossicazioni da organofosforici e carbamati
No full text
TANAX (T61) AN OVERVIEW
No full textIn this overview the authors describe the use of TanaxW T-61. for euthanasia. TanaxW is a
solution with three components embutramide, mebenzonium iodide and tetracaine hydro-
chloride. used for painless death in pets and laboratory animals. It is also used for
malicious intoxication in animals and for suicide attempts in humans. After a description of
the modality and outcome of intoxication, the authors report the secondary toxic effects
evoked by N,N-dimethyl-formamide, the solvent employed to dissolve the three components
of TanaxW. Finally, the analytical methods used to identify TanaxW components in
biological fluids and tissues are described
Euler inverse axisymmetric solution for design of axial flow multistage turbomachinery
No full textAn axisymmetric model is used that replaces the blades with hub-to-tip streamsurfaces and their main effects on the flow with blade force terms. Euler equations are solved by means of an upwind finite-volume scheme for a specified swirl distribution in the meridional blade regions. This quantity drives the spanwise distribution of specific work for rotors and the swirl adding/removing property for stators. The time-marching procedure includes an evolutionary equation for the hub-to-tip geometry in each blade region. This equation involves use of a specified leading edge as a blade stacking line. Throughout the computation, the streamsurfaces take that shape providing the desired swirl distribution. The method is suitable to highly loaded blades i.e. turbine design. Compared to a traditional through-flow method, it predicts the overall turbine performances with about a 1% error. A satisfactory agreement is found concerning the spanwise distribution of the core flow quantities as well.</jats:p
Muscarinic M2 receptors interact with neurokininergic NK1 and NK2 receptors in the contractions of isolated bronchi in the horse.
No full textAcetylcholine and neurokinins, known as neurotransmitters that induce bronchoconstriction in horses and
other species, are involved in the pathogenesis of obstructive respiratory diseases. However, the
knowledge about the role of muscarinic receptors in the control of airway contraction in equines is not fully
elucidated and that of neurokininergic receptors is limited.
Bronchial smooth muscle rings of slaughtered horses were obtained from healthy lungs, or from lungs with
macroscopic signs of inflammation, put into organ baths and connected to isotonic transducers. Electrical
field stimulation was applied (50 Hz, 1 ms, 300 mA, 50 V every 120 s), and phasic contractions of bronchial
smooth muscle were evoked. Previous experiments showed the neurogenic cholinergic nature of these
contractions and a central role of muscarinic M3 receptors [1]. The effects of drugs were expressed as
variation of the pre-drug contraction amplitude, assumed as 100%.
Bronchial contractions were partially inhibited by selective M3 receptor antagonist (pFHHSiD) up to 10-6 M,
and totally abolished at 10-5 M in normal and inflamed tissues. Methoctramine, selective M2 receptor
antagonist, was able to reduce the contractions only in healthy bronchial rings, whereas selective M1
receptor antagonist, VU0255035, reduced the contractions only in pathologic ones.
L-732,138 and GR159897, selective NK1- and NK2-receptor antagonist respectively, slightly reduced the
contractions in normal and pathologic tissues, whereas SB218795, selective NK3-receptor antagonist, was
ineffective. In presence of either NK1, NK2, but not NK3 receptor block, M2 antagonist, methoctramine,
was able to reduce the contractions of the pathologic bronchi, while the response in normal tissue was
unchanged.
Muscarinic M1, M2, and M3 receptors are involved in the contractions of horse bronchi, M3 receptors
playing a major role. Present results suggest an interference between cholinergic and neurokininergic
systems involving M2, NK1 and NK2 receptor subtypes. The influence of the excitatory peptidergic system
seems to be more evident in pathologic tissue, and indeed up-regulation of NK2 receptors in horses with
RAO was detected [2]. A localization of inhibitory M2 receptors on neurokininergic neurons releasing
substance P and/or neurokinin A could be hypothesized, as already observed in other species [3]. A better
knowledge of the interactions between cholinergic and neurokininergic systems could help the
development of more effective drugs for the treatment of bronchial hyperactivity in horses and, possibly, in
humans.
[1] Menozzi A, Pozzoli C, Poli E, Delvescovo B, Serventi P, Bertini S. J vet Pharm Ther 2014; in press
[2] Venugopal CS, Holmes EP, Polikepahad S, Laborde S, Kearney M, Moore RM. Can J Vet Res 2009; 73:25-
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[3] Bernardini N, Roza C, Sauer SK,1 Gomeza J, Wess J, Reeh PW. J Neurosci 2002; 22:RC22
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