393 research outputs found
High-resolution molecular phenotyping of human IPSC organoids using CLARITY and 2-photon microscopy
No full textHigh-resolution molecular phenotyping of human IPSC organoids using CLARITY and 2-photon microscopy Simone Tomasi, Soraya Scuderi, Anahita Amiri, Giovanna G. Altobelli, Jessica Mariani, Cheryl Dambrot, Gianfilippo Coppola, Flora M. Vaccarino To understand the role of gene regulation in human brain development and neuropsychiatric disorders, it is essential to develop cellular models of the human brain. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC)-derived brain organoids can be used to investigate the role of gene regulatory elements, noncoding RNA, and in general, noncoding disease associated gene variants in brain development and function. Organoids enable gradients of morphogenes and other extracellular cues to build up in the intercellular milieu and to interact with the genetic and epigenetic background of a given progenitor cell during the course of brain development. We have developed an iPSC-derived organoid model of the early human forebrain, where differentiation of cortical excitatory and inhibitory neurons can be studied in a reproducible fashion, enabling a more precise identification of molecular events crucially involved in the specification of distinct neuronal subtypes. However, a precise assessment of protein and RNA expression in intact organoids is hampered by the limited penetration of molecular probes, therefore requiring the preparation of thin sections and greatly limiting the capacity of exploring molecular and cellular features in a 3D environment. Here, we labeled telencephalic excitatory and inhibitory lineages in using pLenti-CAMKII-GFP and pLenti-DlxI12b-BG-DsRed vectors, then used two-photon microscopy to image the genetically-encoded fluorescence at higher resolution in live forebrain organoids. Next, we used CLARITY to clear the organoids and perform immunostainings on the intact cell aggregates. Our current protocol enables a 3D reconstruction of GFP/TdTomato filled cells allowing the analysis of axonal and dendritic arborization, dendrite length, synapse and spine distribution, as well as stereological counts of structures labeled by specific markers. Using these combined approaches, we aim at comparing intra-organoid layer cytoarchitecture and its emerging connectivity with parallel data from RNA-seq and ChIP-seq experiments, and develop new tools for linking the molecular and cellular features of organoids derived from different individuals
Mind-Body Medicine in Inpatient Psychiatry
No full textDavid Tomasi presents new, groundbreaking research on the science and application of Mind-Body Medicine strategies to improve clinical outcomes in inpatient psychiatry settings. Much more than a list of therapeutic recommendations, this book is a thorough description of how Mind-Body Medicine can be successfully applied, from a therapeutic as well as from an organizational, cost-effective analysis viewpoint, to the full spectrum of psychiatric treatments. Furthermore, this study examines the role of multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary treatment teams, with a special focus on the profession and the role of psychotherapists and group therapists, thereby providing solid scientific evidence of the benefits of patient-provider therapeutic alliances. In this sense, this book serves as a guide for professionals and institutions both in the private and the public sphere, to learn effective treatment and management strategies. About the Author Psychotherapist, Researcher, and Philosopher Dr. David Låg Tomasi is the author of Medical Philosophy (ibidem, 2016) and the co-author of Positive Patient Response to a Structured Exercise Program Delivered in Inpatient Psychiatry (Global Advances in Health and Medicine, 2019), the most-read research item from the University of Vermont (Researchgate, 2019). A member of several national and international Academies of Sciences, Dr. Tomasi works in the Inpatient Psychiatry Unit at the UVM Medical Center, and teaches at the University of Vermont and the Community College of Vermont. ---- Ibidem / Columbia University Pres
Rethinking the Nexus between Science, Politics and Society in the Age of the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic
No full textThis crossing boundaries section addresses the substantial aspects
at stake in reshaping the nexus between science, politics and society triggered
by the Covid-19 pandemic. In this regard, three main dimensions are explored:
first, the emerging forms of science-related populism and how political narratives
challenge and dispute prevailing scientific knowledge; second, the platformization
of science communication and the active role of users and communities
in consuming and spreading online misinformation; third, the role of
lay expertise in contesting the epistemic authority of science during the health
emergency. The authors explore the related topics by mobilizing different theoretical
frameworks from STS studies, media studies and legal science, also
moving from empirical to theoretical level in order to challenge the “surface”
of a multilayered phenomenon
Mind-Body Medicine in Inpatient Psychiatry
No full textDavid Tomasi presents new, groundbreaking research on the science and application of Mind-Body Medicine strategies to improve clinical outcomes in inpatient psychiatry settings. Much more than a list of therapeutic recommendations, this book is a thorough description of how Mind-Body Medicine can be successfully applied, from a therapeutic as well as from an organizational, cost-effective analysis viewpoint, to the full spectrum of psychiatric treatments. Furthermore, this study examines the role of multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary treatment teams, with a special focus on the profession and the role of psychotherapists and group therapists, thereby providing solid scientific evidence of the benefits of patient-provider therapeutic alliances. In this sense, this book serves as a guide for professionals and institutions both in the private and the public sphere, to learn effective treatment and management strategies. About the Author Psychotherapist, Researcher, and Philosopher Dr. David Låg Tomasi is the author of Medical Philosophy (ibidem, 2016) and the co-author of Positive Patient Response to a Structured Exercise Program Delivered in Inpatient Psychiatry (Global Advances in Health and Medicine, 2019), the most-read research item from the University of Vermont (Researchgate, 2019). A member of several national and international Academies of Sciences, Dr. Tomasi works in the Inpatient Psychiatry Unit at the UVM Medical Center, and teaches at the University of Vermont and the Community College of Vermont. ---- Ibidem / Columbia University Pres
Availability of 6’SL in pre-weaning milk influences caecal microbiota and plasma molecular phenotype in pre-weaning offspring
No full textPresence of 6’SL in pre-weaning milk or mutation of ST6gal1 gene modulated microbiota composition and improved cognitive functions in adult offspring
No full textModulation of 3’SL level in pre-weaning milk impact attention, learning and memory in the adult offspring
No full textTracking social groups within and across cameras
No full textWe propose a method for tracking groups from single and multiple cameras with disjoint fields of view. Our formulation follows the tracking-by-detection paradigm where groups are the atomic entities and are linked over time to form long and consistent trajectories. To this end, we formulate the problem as a supervised clustering problem where a Structural SVM classifier learns a similarity measure appropriate for group entities. Multi-camera group tracking is handled inside the framework by adopting an orthogonal feature encoding that allows the classifier to learn inter- and intra-camera feature weights differently. Experiments were carried out on a novel annotated group tracking data set, the DukeMTMC-Groups data set. Since this is the first data set on the problem it comes with the proposal of a suitable evaluation measure. Results of adopting learning for the task are encouraging, scoring a +15% improvement in F1 measure over a non-learning based clustering baseline. To our knowledge this is the first proposal of this kind dealing with multi-camera group tracking
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