1,721,071 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Analyse der Dystrophin-Interaktivität
No full textAcknowledgements 1 Abstract 3 Résumé 5 Abstrakt 7 Figures 12 Tables 13
Supplementary figures 14 Supplementary tables 15 Abbreviations 16 Chapter 1 –
Introduction 18 Chapter 2 – Literature review 23 2A. Dystrophin domains 23
2A1. Introduction 23 2A2. Isoforms and expression 23 2A3. Dystrophin
phosphorylation 25 2A4. Calponin homology domain, CH1 and CH2 26 2A5. Central
Rod Domain/Spectrin Repeats 27 2A6. Cysteine rich region (CR) 29 2A7. WW
domains 29 2A8. EF hands 30 2A9. ZZ domains 30 2A10. C-terminal domain 30 2B.
Dystrophin Interactors 32 2B1. Dystrophin Associated Protein Complex 32 2B2.
Glycosylation 41 2B3. Other interactors of dystrophin 42 2B4. Interactors of
the dystrophin associated protein complex 43 2C. Dystrophin-related proteins
45 2D. Roles of dystrophin within the cell 47 2E. Treatments of disease 50
2E1. Gene Therapy 50 2E2. Exon Skipping 52 2E3. Utrophin overexpression 54
2E4. Read-through nonsense mutations (PTC124) 55 2E5. Stem Cell
Transplantation 55 2E6. Gene editing 56 2E7. Reducing symptoms 57 2E8.
Approaches to disease and their relevance to the dystrophin interactome 58 2F.
Cell and animal models for studying dystrophin and DMD 59 2F1. Cell models 59
2F2. Animal models 60 2G. Identifying protein-protein interactions 63 2G1.
Interaction types 63 2G2. Experimental approaches 66 2H. Interaction databases
69 Objectives 73 Chapter 3 – hTERT/cdk4 immortalization protects the
characteristics of human myogenic cells 75 Abstract 75 Introduction 76
Materials and Methods 79 Results 84 Discussion 94 Conclusions 96 Supplemental
data 97 Chapter 4 –The dystrophin interactome reveals a link with secreted
vesicles 104 Abstract 104 Introduction 105 Materials and Methods 107 Results
115 271 dystrophin interactors identified through QUICK strategy 115
Identification of 20 high confidence physical interactors 116 Enrichment
analysis suggests a link between dystrophin and vesicle trafficking 119
Discussion 125 Conclusions 130 Supplementary data 132 Discussion 138
Immortalised cell lines 138 Finding new interactors using the QUICK approach
140 Dystrophin and the vesicle transport pathways 144 Dystrophin and the focal
adhesion complex 146 Future investigation into the interactors 146 Online
dystrophin interactome 147 Identifying additional interactors 150 Conclusion
152 References 153 Annex 1 – CellWhere paper (Non-thesis, third author) 193
Annex 2 – Aging Review (Non-thesis, co-first author) 198The aim of this project was to systematically identify new interaction
partners of the dystrophin protein within differentiated human skeletal muscle
cells in order to uncover new roles in which dystrophin is involved, and to
better understand how the global interactome is affected by the absence of
dystrophin. A more complete understanding of the interactors and roles of
dystrophin is vital for increasing the understanding of pathology in patients
of Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy and other diseases in which
dystrophin or dystrophin associated proteins are affected, and will assist in
the development and research of treatments aimed at re-establishing the
important interactions and pathways that have been lost or disrupted.
Initially, a review of existing literature and bioinformatics resources was
carried out and used as the basis of an online interactome of dystrophin’s
physical interactors. A SILAC-based proteomics approach was then used to
identify new interaction partners that were added to this bioinformatics
resource. To obtain high protein quantities to maximize sensitivity we
required a large number of cells, only feasible though the use of immortalized
cell lines. hTERT/cdk4 immortalized myogenic human cell lines represent an
important tool for skeletal muscle research however, disruption of the cell
cycle has the potential to affect many other cellular processes to which it
also linked. We carried out a transcriptome-wide analysis of healthy and
diseased lines comparing immortalized lines with their parent primary
populations in both differentiated and undifferentiated states in order to
test their myogenic character by comparison with non-myogenic cells. We found
that immortalization has no measurable effect on the myogenic cascade or on
any other cellular processes, and that it was protective against the
senescence process - a process observed at higher division counts of primary
cells. Selected lines were not aneuploid and did not present any chromosomal
rearrangements. In this context the human muscle cell lines are a good in
vitro model to study the dystrophin interactome. Having validated our cell
lines, we investigated dystrophin’s interactors using a high-sensitivity
proteomics approach incorporating (1) isotopic amino acid labelling (SILAC),
(2) knockdown of dystrophin expression, (3) immunoprecipitation and (4) mass
spectrometry, allowing for the confident identification of dystrophin
interactors, eliminating the multitude of false positive proteins pulled down
through unspecific binding to both the beads and the antibody. We identified
18 new physical interactors of dystrophin which displayed a high proportion of
vesicle transport related proteins and adhesion proteins, strengthening the
link between dystrophin and these roles. The proteins determined through
previously published data together with the newly identified interactors were
incorporated into a web-based data exploration tool: sys-myo.rhcloud.com
/dystrophin-interactome, intended to provide an easily accessible and
informative view of dystrophins interactions in skeletal muscle. This tool
will benefit future understanding and interpretation of the interaction data,
by placing these newly identified physically interacting proteins within the
mechanistic context of the wider dystrophin interactome.Ziel dieses Projektes war die systematische Aufdeckung neuer
Interaktionspartner des Dystrophin-Proteins in differenzierten
Skelettmuskelzellen, um neue Funktionen von Dystrophin zu identifizieren und
ein eingehenderes Verständnis darüber zu erlangen, welche Auswirkungen das
Fehlen von Dystrophin auf das Interaktom insgesamt hat. Eine umfassendere
Kenntnis der Wechselspieler und Funktionen von Dystrophin ist entscheidend für
ein besseres Verständnis des Krankheitsgeschehens bei Patienten mit
Muskeldystrophie vom Typ Duchenne oder Becker und anderer Krankheiten, bei
denen Dystrophin oder Dystrophin-assoziierte Proteine beeinträchtigt sind, und
wird zur Entwicklung und Erforschung von Therapien beitragen, die auf eine
Wiederherstellung fehlender bzw. gestörter fundamentaler Interaktionen und
Signalwege abzielen. Zunächst wurde eine Recherche in der vorhandenen
Fachliteratur und in Bioinformatik-Ressourcen durchgeführt und als Grundlage
für ein Online-Interaktom der physischen Wechselspieler von Dystrophin
verwendet. Anschließend wurden mithilfe der in der Proteomik gängigen SILAC-
Technik neue Interaktionspartner identifiziert und dieser Bioinformatik-
Ressource hinzugefügt. Um im Sinne einer Maximierung der Empfindlichkeit hohe
Proteinmengen zu erhalten, benötigten wir eine große Anzahl von Zellen, was
nur durch Verwendung immortalisierter Zelllinien möglich war. Immortalisierte
myogene Humanzelllinien vom Typ hTERT/cdk4 sind ein wichtiges Hilfsmittel in
der Skelettmuskelforschung, allerdings könnten durch die Unterbrechung des
Zellzyklus zahlreiche andere zelluläre Prozesse beeinflusst sein, mit denen
der Zellzyklus verknüpft ist. Wir führten eine Transkriptom-weite Analyse
gesunder Zelllinien und krankheitsspezifischer Zelllinien durch, indem wir
immortalisierte Zelllinien mit ihren Primärzell-Elternpopulationen sowohl im
differenzierten als auch im undifferenzierten Zustand verglichen, um ihren
myogenen Charakter durch Vergleich mit nicht-myogenen Zellen zu prüfen.
Bestimmte Zelllinien wurden außerdem im Hinblick auf Aneuploidie und
chromosomale Rearrangements überprüft. Wir stellten fest, dass
Immortalisierung keine messbaren Auswirkungen auf die myogene Signalkaskase
oder auf andere zelluläre Prozesse hatte und dass sie vor den systemischen
Auswirkungen von Seneszenz, die nach einer großen Zahl von Teilungen von
Primärzellen zu beobachten sind, schützte. Nachdem wir unsere Zelllinien
validiert hatten, untersuchten wir Dystrophin-Wechselspieler im Rahmen eines
hochempfindlichen Proteomik-Ansatzes mit Knockdown, Isotopenmarkierung von
Aminosäuren (SILAC), Knockdown der Dystrophin-Expression, Immunpräzipitation
und Massenspektrometrie. Dies ermöglichte eine zuverlässige Identifizierung
von Dystrophin-Wechselspielern unter Eliminierung der Präzipitation der
zahlreichen falschpositiven Proteine infolge einer unspezifischen Bindung an
die Beads und den Antikörper. Wir identifizierten 18 neue physische
Wechselspieler von Dystrophin, darunter anteilsmäßig viele Proteine, die am
Vesikeltransport beteiligt sind, sowie Adhäsionsproteine, was die Verknüpfung
zwischen Dystrophin und diesen Funktionen untermauert. Die aus publizierten
Daten ermittelten Proteine sowie die neu identifizierten Wechselspieler wurden
in ein internetbasiertes Datenexplorationstool (sys-myo.rhcloud.com
/dystrophin-interactome) eingegeben, um eine übersichtliche und informative
Darstellung der Dystrophin-Interaktionen im Skelettmuskel zu erhalten. Dieses
Tool wird künftig dem Verständnis und der Interpretation der Interaktionsdaten
dienlich sein, indem es diese neu identifizierten physisch interagierenden
Proteine in den Kontext des größeren Dystrophin-Interaktoms einbindet
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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