431 research outputs found
‐2 vaccine‐related cutaneous manifestations: a systematic review
No full textTo date, over 250 million people have been reportedly infected by COVID‐19 disease, which has spread across the globe and led to approximately 5.1 million fatalities. To prevent both COVID‐19 and viral transmission, DNA‐based/RNA‐based vaccines, non‐replicating viral vector vaccines, and inactivated vaccines have been recently developed. However, a precise clinical and histological characterization of SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine‐related dermatological manifestations is still lacking. A systematic review of 229 articles was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, in order to provide an extensive overview of SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine‐related skin manifestations. Data on demographics, number of reported cases with cutaneous involvement, vaccine, and rash type (morphology) were extracted from articles and summarized. A total of 5941 SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine‐related dermatological manifestations were gathered. Local injection‐site reactions were the most frequently observed, followed by rash/unspecified cutaneous eruption, urticarial rashes, angioedema, herpes zoster, morbilliform/maculopapular/erythematous macular eruption, pityriasis rosea and pityriasis rosea‐like eruptions, and other less common dermatological manifestations. Flares of pre‐existing dermatological conditions were also reported. Cutaneous adverse reactions following SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine administration seem to be heterogeneous, rather infrequent, and not life‐threatening. Vaccinated patients should be monitored for skin manifestations, and dermatological evaluation should be offered, when needed
Imiquimod-side effects in the treatment of periocular skin cancers: A review of the literature
No full textN/
Fibroblasts’ secretome from calcified and non-calcified dermis in Pseudoxanthoma elasticum differently contributes to elastin calcification
No full text: Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) is a rare disease characterized by ectopic calcification, however, despite the widely spread effect of pro/anti-calcifying systemic factors associated with this genetic metabolic condition, it is not known why elastic fibers in the same patient are mainly fragmented or highly mineralized in clinically unaffected (CUS) and affected (CAS) skin, respectively. Cellular morphology and secretome are investigated in vitro in CUS and CAS fibroblasts. Here we show that, compared to CUS, CAS fibroblasts exhibit: a) differently distributed and organized focal adhesions and stress fibers; b) modified cell-matrix interactions (i.e., collagen gel retraction); c) imbalance between matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases; d) differentially expressed pro- and anti-calcifying proteoglycans and elastic-fibers associated glycoproteins. These data emphasize that in the development of pathologic mineral deposition fibroblasts play an active role altering the stability of elastic fibers and of the extracellular matrix milieu creating a local microenvironment guiding the level of matrix remodeling at an extent that may lead to degradation (in CUS) or to degradation and calcification (in CAS) of the elastic component. In conclusion, this study contributes to a better understanding of the mechanisms of the mineral deposition that can be also associated with several inherited or age-related diseases (e.g., diabetes, atherosclerosis, chronic kidney diseases)
Electrochemotherapy in non-melanoma head and neck skin cancers: a three centers experience and literature review.
No full textAIM: The main purposes of this study were to evaluate the efficacy of electrochemotherapy in head and neck tumours, to assess the local tumour control, the safety profile and its impact on the patients' quality of life.
METHODS:
This is a multicenter prospective, non-randomized phase II trial. This trial was carried out at the Dermatologic Clinic of University of Rome "La Sapienza", at the Dermatologic Clinic of University of Chieti and at the Dermatologic Clinic of University of Turin. 55 patients with head and neck cancers were recruited. The electrochemotherapy procedure was carried out according to the ESOPE guidelines. Statistical analyses were performed using Stata/SE12.0 Statistical Software RESULTS: A significant clinical response was achieved in 50/55 patients with 91% of objective response rate (OR). 33 of 55 patients showed a CR (60%); 17 treated patients had a PR (31%). A significantly higher CR rate was obtained in patients not previously treated by surgery (15/19; 79%), with respect to those with a previous excision of the tumour (14/30; 47%) (p=0.025). An additional parameter influencing response is represented by anesthesia: patients treated by ECT with general anesthesia were characterized by significantly higher CR rate (68%) than those treated with local anesthesia (27%) (p=0.014).
CONCLUSIONS:
Our experience confirmed high efficiency in local tumour control, excellent toxicity profile, tissue preservation with good cosmetic and functional results, even with repeated applications. ECT can represent a first-line treatment in the local management of head and neck cancers.AIM:
The main purposes of this study were to evaluate the efficacy of electrochemotherapy in head and neck tumours, to assess the local tumour control, the safety profile and its impact on the patients' quality of life.
METHODS:
This is a multicenter prospective, non-randomized phase II trial. This trial was carried out at the Dermatologic Clinic of University of Rome "La Sapienza", at the Dermatologic Clinic of University of Chieti and at the Dermatologic Clinic of University of Turin. 55 patients with head and neck cancers were recruited. The electrochemotherapy procedure was carried out according to the ESOPE guidelines. Statistical analyses were performed using Stata/SE12.0 Statistical Software RESULTS: A significant clinical response was achieved in 50/55 patients with 91% of objective response rate (OR). 33 of 55 patients showed a CR (60%); 17 treated patients had a PR (31%). A significantly higher CR rate was obtained in patients not previously treated by surgery (15/19; 79%), with respect to those with a previous excision of the tumour (14/30; 47%) (p=0.025). An additional parameter influencing response is represented by anesthesia: patients treated by ECT with general anesthesia were characterized by significantly higher CR rate (68%) than those treated with local anesthesia (27%) (p=0.014).
CONCLUSIONS:
Our experience confirmed high efficiency in local tumour control, excellent toxicity profile, tissue preservation with good cosmetic and functional results, even with repeated applications. ECT can represent a first-line treatment in the local management of head and neck cancers
Risk of Reactivation of Latent Tuberculosis in Psoriasis Patients on Biologic Therapies: A Retrospective Cohort from a Tertiary Care Centre in Northern Italy
No full textPsoriatic patients with latent tuberculosis infection and properly treated active tuberculosis need careful management when prescribing modern biological drugs. Although data and guidelines regarding tumour necrosis factor-α inhibitors advise caution and initiation of prophylactic therapy in patients with latent tuberculosis infection, the same indications do not seem to find equal force for interleukin (IL)-23 and IL-17 inhibitors. In order to evaluate the risk of reactivation in patients with latent tuberculosis infection or properly treated active tuberculosis, an observational retrospective study was conducted on the population referred to our centre at Dermatologic Clinic of University of Turin, Italy. In the last 10 years at the clinic 19 psoriatic patients were found to be at risk of tuberculosis reactivation: 10 patients were QuantiFERON- TB-positive at baseline, 2 became positive during treatment, 6 reported prior tuberculous infection, and 1 was QuantiFERON-TB-negative at baseline and developed disseminated tuberculosis during treatment with anti-tumour necrosis factor-α. Overall, 10.5% of this group of patients developed active tuberculosis; however, stratifying by biologic therapy, zero cases were observed among patients treated with anti-IL-17, -23, or -12/23 over a relatively long follow-up (48.1 months) A review of the available literature following our experience confirms the increased risk of tuberculosis reactivation with tumour necrosis factor-α inhibitors. Concerning anti-IL-23 and IL-17 drugs, available data showed high safety in patients at risk of tuberculosis reactivation. Screening of patients who should be taking IL-17 and IL-23 inhibitors is recommended for public health purposes. In case of a positive result with these therapies, consulting with an infectious diseases specialist is suggested in order to weigh up the risks and benefits of prophylactic treatment
Bovine herpesvirus 4-based vector delivering a hybrid rat/human HER-2 oncoantigen efficiently protects mice from autochthonous Her-2+ mammary cancer
No full textThe epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) oncogene is a major target for the immunotherapy of breast cancer. Following up to the therapeutic success achieved with Her-2-targeting monoclonal antibodies, immune-prophylactic approaches directed against Her-2 have also been investigated taking into account, and trying to overcome, Her-2 self-tolerance. Perhaps due to safety (and efficacy) concerns, the least explored anti-Her-2 active immunization strategy so far has been the one relying on viral-vectored vaccine formulations. Taking advantage of the favorable properties of bovine herpesvirus 4 (BoHV-4) in terms of safety and ease of manipulation as well as its previously documented ability to transduce and confer immunogenicity to heterologous antigens, we tested the ability of different recombinant HER-2-BoHV-4 immunogens to 8break tolerance and elicit a protective, anti-mammary tumor antibody response in HER-2 transgenic BALB-neuT mice. All the tested constructs expressed the HER-2 transgenes at high levels and elicited significant cellular immune responses in BALB/c mice upon administration via either DNA vaccination or viral infection. In BALB-neuT mice, instead, only the viral construct expressing the membrane-bound chimeric form of Her-2 protein (BoHV-4-RHuT-gD) elicited a humoral immune response that was more intense and earlier-appearing than that induced by DNA vaccination. In keeping with this observation, two administrations of BoHV-4-RHuT-gD effectively protected BALB-neuT mice from tumor formation, with 50% of vaccinated animals tumor-free after 30 weeks from immunization compared to 100% of animals exhibiting at least one palpable tumor in the case of animals vaccinated with the other BoHV-4-HER-2 constructs. © 2016 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LL
‘Poroma-like’ branched vessels with rounded endings in dermoscopy of basal cell carcinoma: a new unusual structure
No full textN/
Synchronous occurrence of primary cutaneous B-cell lymphoma and cutaneous Rosai-Dorfman disease in distinct lesions: A unique association
No full textRosai–Dorfman disease, also known as sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (SHML), is a rare subtype of reactive histiocytosis which is seldom associated with Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. To date, the coexistence in the same patient of extra nodal SHML and primary cutaneous B-cell lymphoma (PCBCL) has been reported in the literature, as metachronous diagnosis in the anatomical area of the original PCBCL or synchronous occurrence in the same lesions. However, no data have been published as for synchronous occurrence of the two pathological entities in distinct anatomical sites. Herein, we report the first ever described synchronous occurrence of PCBCL and SHML, detected in distinct lesions, affecting the same patient. The complete resolution of the patient's PCBCL after rituximab treatment and the concomitant regression of SHML suggest that this clinically benign reactive histiocytic proliferation, potentially triggered by the lymphoma microenvironment itself, may take place not only in the site of the PCBCL lesion, but also in other distant areas not directly affected by the primary cutaneous lymphoma
Can sentinel node biopsy be safely omitted in thin melanoma? Risk factor analysis of 1272 multicenter prospective cases
No full textSentinel lymph node biopsy in cutaneous melanoma
No full textThe management of melanoma is constantly evolving. New therapies and surgical advances have changed the landscape over the last years. Since being introcuced by Dr Donald Morton, the role of sentinel lymph node has been debated. In many melanoma centres, sentinel node biopsy is not a standard of care for melanoma above 1 mm in thickness. The results of the MSLT-II trial are not available for a while and in the meantime, this procedure is offered as a prognostic indicator as it has been shown to be very useful for assessing risk of relapse. The biology of lymph node spread in melanoma is a complex field and there are many factors which influence it such as age, melanoma body site, thickness but other factors such as regression, ulceration and gender need further evaluation
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