1,721,648 research outputs found
The assessment of clusters and local innovation hotspots: Notes from the MAPS-LED project
Full text linkThe role of clusters in fostering economic development is a fertile field of investigation for economic geographers and policymakers. How, where and by what circumstances clusters thrive is still an open question that can deliver different outcomes. What follows is a gathering of studies on clusters conducted in Boston (US) and Rome (Italy) for the project “Multidisciplinary Approach to Planning of Smart Specialization Strategies in a prospective to enhance Local Economic Development” (MAPS LED), funded by the European Commission through the HORIZON 2020 Research Programme – Marie Skwlodoska Curie RISE Actions under the Grant Agreement No. 645651. The project intended to examine how Smart Specialization Strategies (S3) can be implemented, with respect to the new agenda of Europe 2020, by incorporating a place-based dimension. The main activities carried out within this project were: 1) analysis of S3 in terms of spatial, social and environmental factors; 2) field work, by means of qualitative research, in the area of Boston (USA)
I circoli territoriali del PD sulla frontiera del commoning? Il caso di Roma
Full text linkIl contributo analizza il caso dei circoli del Partito Democratico a Roma, alla luce di un’indagine condotta nel 2015 con l’obiettivo di valutare “le azioni, le motivazioni, gli interessi di ogni circolo e il suo impatto sul territorio di responsabilità” (Barca et al., 2015). L’indagine evidenzia il coesistere di spazi di azione politica tradizionali, non immuni da potenziali derive clientelari e chiusure identitarie, e formule inedite che declinano nuove strategie di intervento sul territorio. Il lavoro si interroga, da un lato, sul ruolo che tali entità interpretano alla luce del dibattito sul commoning urbano e sulle nuove forme di azione collettiva, dall’altro sulle modalità con cui tali attori si relazionano e/o si sovrappongono alle altre realtà di iniziativa sociale presenti sul territorio.This paper surveys the case of the territorial units of the “Partito Democratico” in Rome, on the basis of the findings of a thorough study carried out in 2015 aiming at evaluating “actions, motivations, interests of each unit and the impact on its territory of responsibility” (Barca et al., 2015). The study shows the coexistence of spaces of traditional political action, which are exposed to potential abuses of patronage and identity lock-in, and new strategies of intervention on the territory. This work addresses, on one hand, the role that such entities play in the light of the debate about urban commoning and on the other hand, how these actors relate and/or overlap with other social initiatives in the area
L’azione collettiva a Roma nell’era (post) pandemica: identità e spazialità in transizione
No full textNel corso degli ultimi due decenni si è verificata una straordinaria proliferazione di iniziative di auto-organizzazione, risposte “di comunità” e (nuove) forme di mutualismo indotte dalla crisi economica e dal progressivo ‘ritiro’ del pubblico da una gestione (pro)attiva del welfare territoriale, soprattutto nelle grandi città metropolitane (Roma Ricerca Roma, 2021). Sono esperienze di rimaterializzazione dell’azione collettiva e di riterritorializzazione, ovvero di (ri)costruzione comunitaria con una forte connotazione locale, in cui le persone riscoprono legami di prossimità e di mutuo soccorso a livello di vicinato o di quartiere, e nelle quali si articola un discorso diverso della città (Cellamare, 2020). Molte di queste iniziative assumono la forma di “azione sociale diretta” (Bosi e Zamponi, 2019), ovvero interventi strutturati mirati a fornire una risposta tangibile a un bisogno immediato (banchi alimentari, ambulatori sociali, doposcuola o palestre popolari, ecc.). Tali azioni incontrano, da un lato, la domanda crescente di beni e servizi di prima necessità da parte di un’ampia fetta della popolazione, totalmente o parzialmente esclusa dagli interventi istituzionali; dall’altro rispondono a una forte domanda di mobilitazione e di partecipazione civica da parte di
singoli individui, ma anche di gruppi informali, comitati territoriali e associazioni, che attraverso la pratica mutualistica innervano di nuove energie e finalità il proprio tessuto organizzativo.
Le restrizioni pandemiche, con il conseguente inasprimento delle disuguaglianze sociali e le limitazioni imposte alla quotidianità del vivere sociale, hanno avuto un impatto significativo su nuove soggettività e pratiche di mobilitazione (Tonkiss, 2013). Si è così avviato un processo di trasformazione del tessuto associativo, che si è fatto carico di rispondere all’emergenza in alcuni casi allontanandosi dal proprio ambito tematico e territoriale di riferimento. In questo momento le identità e spazialità di questi attori risultano “in transizione”.
Attraverso le testimonianze di attivisti/e e volontari/e del quadrante est di Roma, caratterizzato da un vivace associazionismo, il contributo intende dare conto di questi processi ed esplorarne matrici e possibili evoluzioni: quali elementi hanno determinato l’intensificarsi di questi fenomeni? A quali forme di riconoscimento e/o di riappropriazione dello spazio urbano si ricollegano (Huron, 2015)? Sono esperienze temporanee o configurano un’evoluzione permanente
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
The Measure Problem in Eternal Inflation: Introduction and Developments
No full textInflation is a paradigm for the physics of the early universe, receiving a great deal of experimental support. Essentially all inflationary models lead to a regime called eternal inflation, a situation where inflation never ends globally, but it only ends locally. The resulting picture is that of a multiverse: an infinite number of "bubbles", each of them containing an infinite universe. Extracting meaningful predictions on what physics we should expect to observe within our bubble encounters severe ambiguities. Hence the need to adopt a prescription to regulate the diverging spacetime volume of the multiverse. The problem of defining such a prescription is the measure problem, which is a major challenge of modern theoretical cosmology. This book provides an introduction to the measure problem, and proposes and explores a promising candidate solution: the scale-factor cutoff measure. This book is intendend for experts of the field as well as for graduate students willing to be initiate
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