1,721,011 research outputs found
gSG6, une protéine salivaire d’Anopheles gambiae, candidate marqueur d’exposition à la piqure du vecteur du paludisme?
No full textLa morbidité/mortalité des maladies à transmission vectorielle est directement liée à l’exposition de l’homme aux piqûres des insectes hématophages. L’évaluation qualitative et quantitative de la réponse anticorps spécifique à la salive d’Anopheles gambiae est un marqueur d’exposition spécifique de la piqûre de ce vecteur. Dans le but d’identifier des protéines salivaires pouvant être des marqueurs spécifiques d’exposition, nous avons évalué l’antigénicité de 2 protéines salivaires d’An. gambiae, gSG6 et gSG7, exprimées sous forme recombinante. Contrairement à gSG7, une réponse anticorps IgG anti-gSG6 a été détectée chez des enfants vivant en zone de transmission du paludisme (Niakhar, Sénégal). Sur ces premiers résultats, nous avons sélectionné 6 peptides par bio-informatique, à partir de la séquence aminée de gSG6 et en prenant en compte leurs potentialités antigéniques et l'absence d'une cross-réaction vis à vis des protéines salivaires d'autres vecteurs majeurs (Aedes, Glossina, Culex, Lutzomyia) par comparaison avec les bases de données des génomes disponibles. Parmi les 6 peptides synthétisés, une réponse anticorps contre 3 de ces peptides a été observée chez des individus résidant en même zone d’endémie (Niakhar). En corrélant ces résultats avec les données entomologiques évaluant l’exposition au vecteur An. gambiae, 2 peptides semblent être des candidats marqueurs d’exposition spécifiques de la piqûre d’Anopheles. Un tel marqueur immunologique permettrait d’identifier les populations exposées aux risques de paludisme et pourrait être un critère d’efficacité dans l’évaluation des stratégies anti-vectorielles. The morbidity/mortality of vector-borne diseases is closely linked to the exposure of human host to haematophageous insects bites. Qualitative and quantitative evaluation of the specific antibody (Ab) response to whole saliva of Anopheles gambiae is a specific marker of exposure to Anopheles bites. To identify the specific salivary protein as potential marker, we evaluated the antigenicity of two salivary proteins of An. gambiae, gSG6 and gSG7, expressed in recombinant form. Contrary to gSG7, high IgG Ab response was detected to gSG6 in children living in malaria endemic area (Niakhar, Senegal). Then we selected six peptides from the amino acid sequence of gSG6 protein by bio-informatic, based on i) their antigenic properties and ii) the absence of a cross-reaction with salivary proteins of other major vectors by comparison with databases of available genomes (Aedes, Glossina, Culex, Lutzomyia). Among the six synthesized peptides, significant Ab response directed to three peptides was observed in individuals living in the same endemic area (Niakhar). In a preliminary analysis, our results showed that the Ab response against two peptides increased according to the level of exposure to An. gambiae which was evaluated by classical entomological data. These results suggested that these two peptides could be potential candidates as marker of exposure specific to the bite of Anopheles. The use of such immunological marker could allow identification of the populations with risks of malaria and could be a criterion of effectiveness in the evaluation of the anti-vectorial strategies
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
The mosquito salivary glands: Transcriptome, RNAi and Salivary antigens.
No full textWe have recently completed an Anopheles gambiae salivary gland transcriptome analysis that allowed for the assembly of a catalogue of approximately 70 bona fide secreted proteins. The saliva of hematophagous arthropods contains several pharmacological activities that can affect both human physiological responses (hemostatic, inflammatory, immune) and pathogen transmission. Only little is known about mosquito salivary components and about half of the putative salivary proteins identified so far are without known function. In order to proceed toward a functional analysis we are establishing conditions to obtain efficient and reproducible silencing of salivary genes. This would be a useful tool to investigate the possible involvement of salivary genes in parasite transmission and to test candidate sporozoite receptors. Moreover, comparative analysis of available mosquito salivary transcriptomes highlighted that whereas several salivary genes/proteins are common to different mosquito species other are found exclusively either in anophelinae or in culicinae. This may have interesting implications because immunogenic Anopheles-specific salivary antigens may be of use as markers of exposure to Anopheles bites in malaria epidemiological studies
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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