70 research outputs found
Idiopathic spontaneous liver hemorrhage. A report of two cases and a review of the literature
No full textSpontaneous liver hemorrhage (SLH) is a serious, extremely rare, and life-threatening occurrence requiring a multidisciplinary approach. Since diagnosis might be difficult, a high mortality rate is reported. Survival depends on a prompt diagnosis followed by an appropriate management. If left untreated, SLH progresses, in fact, to a hemorrhagic shock and death. SLH is rarely idiopathic, whereas more commonly is secondary to severe preeclampsia and HELLP (Hemolysis, Elevated Liver enzymes, Low Platelet count) syndrome, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), adenoma, focal nodular hyperplasia or hemangioma, and connective tissue diseases. We report two patients presenting with an idiopathic SLH successfully treated with angioembolization, and the results of an extensive literature review
Severe blunt renal injury after motorcycle accident: failure of the conservative management
No full textWe report the case of a patient who presented after a motorcycle accident a grade IV kidney lesion primarily treated with a NOM, which failed. We discuss the possibility at admission to select a subgroup of patients with a high grade (IV and V) kidney trauma in whom NOM might fail. KEY WORDS: Kidney Trauma, High grade renal trauma, Non operative management
When less invasive causes major sequelae. A dramatic evolution of an infected common femoral artery patch
No full textEndarterectomy of the common and profunda femoris is currently performed for treatment of atherosclerotic lesions involving femoral bifurcation. Misperception of surgical risk in terms of morbidity and mortality has induced the trend to extend the indication for treatment to patients with mild symptoms at presentation, at the cost of unnecessary increased complication rate and mortality risk, which persists even after patient discharge. We report the case of a giant infected femoral pseudoaneurysm occurring in a 74-year-old patient, previously treated with femoral artery endarterectomy with prosthetic patch closure because of mild claudication. Surgically managed with en block resection and autologous vein reconstruction, his postoperatory course was further complicated by fatal sepsis. Complications for femoral artery endarterectomy, including infectious and fatal events, need a close follow-up of these patients to promptly diagnose and treat any event which may occur, preventing its evolution to more challenging and potentially life-threatening clinical scenario
Kalim Kashani
No full textKalīm Kāshāni, Abū Ṭālib (b. Hamadān, ca. 990-94/1581-85; d. Kashmir, 1061/1651), Persian poet and one of the leading exponents of the so-called Indian style (sabk-i hindī) particularly evident in his lyrics (ghazals). Poet laureate at the court of the Mughal emperor Shāh Jahān (1037-67/1628-57), he was author of a collection of original poems in different genres and a long narrative poem dedicated to celebrate his patron
Articles with authors affiliated to Brazilian institutions published from 1994 to 2003 with 100 or more citations: II - identification of thematic nuclei of excellence in Brazilian science
No full textArticles with 100 citations or more in the scientific literature and with at least one author with Brazilian affiliation, were identified in the Thomson-ISI (Institute for Scientific Information) Web of Science bibliometric database covering a 10-year period, from 1994 to 2003 (see Packer and Meneghini 2006); 248 (0.23%) out of a total of 109,916 articles with Brazilian affiliation were identified. This study was primarily carried out to identify thematic nuclei of excellence in research that had major impact in the international literature. Twelve of these nuclei in the fields of Biomedicine, Medicine, Biology, Physic, Chemistry and Astronomy were considered outstanding and their genesis and development were described. The weight of factors such as international collaboration and network organization are distinct in these areas and the reasons for that are discussed.Foram identificados os artigos com um mínimo de 100 citações na literatura científica e com ao menos uma filiação brasileira, segundo Thomson-ISI (Institute for Scientific Information) Web of Science bibliometric database, no período de 10 anos entre 1994 e 2003 (veja Packer and Meneghini 2006). Este levantamento foi feito primordialmente para identificar núcleos temáticos de excelência em pesquisa que tiveram maior impacto na literatura internacional. Doze núcleos, nas áreas biomédica, médica, biológica, física, química e astronomia foram considerados proeminentes e suas gêneses e desenvolvimento foram descritos. Os pesos de fatores como colaboração internacional e organização de trabalho em rede são distintos em cada uma dessas áreas. São discutidas as razões para isso
Essere immigrati come fattore di rischio per la vittimizzazione nel bullismo: uno studio italiano su caratteristiche individuali e processi di gruppo
No full textIl bullismo discriminatorio a danno di immigrati è ancora poco indagato in Italia. Il presente studio era volto a investigare se nelle scuole italiane gli immigrati siano più prevaricati rispetto ai compagni autoctoni, se dimensioni diverse di status tra i pari aumentino il rischio per un immigrato di subire bullismo, e se fattori individuali e di gruppo, riguardanti, in particolare, l’autogiustificazione della vittimizzazione ai danni di immigrati, influiscono sui comportamenti nel bullismo. Allo studio hanno partecipato 711 alunni di scuola elementare e media. Gli immigrati sono risultati più prevaricati dei compagni e, tra gli immigrati, essere più giovane e meno accettato dai pari si associa a maggior vittimizzazione. Inoltre, processi di disimpegno morale per il bullismo a danno di immigrati erano connessi a livelli più alti di aiuto e sostegno dato ai bulli, in particolare nelle classi in cui effettivamente immigrati subivano bullismo. Appare, quindi, necessario sviluppare interventi contro il bullismo a danno di immigrati, che approccino anche le cognizioni discriminatorie.Discriminatory bullying against immigrant is still little studied in Italy. This study aims at
investigating whether, in the Italian schools, immigrants are more bullied than natives,
whether different dimensions of peer-status are associated to increased risk to be bullied for the immigrants, and whether individual and group factors, especially related to self justification for bullying against immigrants, are linked to role behaviors in bullying. Participants were 711 pupils of elementary and middle school. Immigrants have been found to be more bullied than their peers. Among immigrants, being younger and less accepted by peers was linked to higher levels of victimization. Furthermore, moral disengagement for bullying against immigrants was linked to higher helping and reinforcing bullies, especially in classrooms in which immigrants actually were victims. There is, hence, the need to develop interventions against discriminatory bullying for immigrants, which also address discriminatory cognitions
Intraoperative ultrasound and 5-ALA: the two faces of the same medal?
No full textBACKGROUND: High grade gliomas (HGG) still remain the most demanding neuro-oncological challenge. Several studies have confirmed that the extent of resection (EOR) correlates with increased survival in patients with HGGs. The gross total resection of HGGs can be difficult and challenging. For this reason, technologies to improve EORhave been of interest. The aim of this paper was to analyze advantages and limitations of both intraoperative fluorescence and intraoperative ultrasound (IOUS) resection techniques. METHODS: Our work deals with the comparison of one group of 15 patients treated with both tools (study group) with a control group of 15 patients in where only fluorescence was used. Postoperative outcome are valued using Karnofsky Performance Status scale (KPS) while EOR are valued with MRIwithin 24 hours after surgery. RESULTS: The difference between the postoperative KPS and between EOR in the 2 groups resulted not statistically significant considering P<0.05. In our experience 5-ALAhas a limited sensitivity before starting resection while shows its central role in identifying the tumor remnants after its removal. Conversely, IOUSis very useful in identifying the tumor before starting resection. After the tumor removal, the sensitivity of the ultrasound in identifying tumor remnants in the margins of the cavity decreases significantly. However, in one case, at the end of resection, we have not visualized any fluorescent tissue but we detect a residual of tumor using the IOUS. CONCLUSIONS: In our preliminary experience we observed that there are no significant advantages using IOUS+5-ALA. However, we feel that IOUS is useful in the first step of resection and fluorescence in the last steps of operation. Therefore these two technologies could be considered the two faces of the same medal as they can help the surgeon to detect the tumor in every step of tumor resection
α4β2∗ nicotinic receptors stimulate GABA release onto fast-spiking cells in layer V of mouse prefrontal (Fr2) cortex
No full textAbstractNicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) produce widespread and complex effects on neocortex excitability. We studied how heteromeric nAChRs regulate inhibitory post-synaptic currents (IPSCs), in fast-spiking (FS) layer V neurons of the mouse frontal area 2 (Fr2). In the presence of blockers of ionotropic glutamate receptors, tonic application of 10μM nicotine augmented the spontaneous IPSC frequency, with minor alterations of amplitudes and kinetics. These effects were studied since the 3rd postnatal week, and persisted throughout the first two months of postnatal life. The action of nicotine was blocked by 1μM dihydro-β-erythroidine (DHβE; specific for α4∗ nAChRs), but not 10nM methyllycaconitine (MLA; specific for α7∗ nAChRs). It was mimicked by 10nM 5-iodo-3-[2(S)-azetidinylmethoxy]pyridine (5-IA; which activates β2∗ nAChRs). Similar results were obtained on miniature IPSCs (mIPSCs). Moreover, during the first five postnatal weeks, approximately 50% of FS cells displayed DHβE-sensitive whole-cell nicotinic currents. This percentage decreased to ∼5% in mice older than P45. By confocal microscopy, the α4 nAChR subunit was immunocytochemically identified on interneurons expressing either parvalbumin (PV), which mainly labels FS cells, or somatostatin (SOM), which labels the other major interneuron population in layer V. GABAergic terminals expressing α4 were observed to be juxtaposed to PV-positive (PV+) cells. A fraction of these terminals displayed PV immunoreactivity. We conclude that α4β2∗ nAChRs can produce sustained regulation of FS cells in Fr2 layer V. The effect presents a presynaptic component, whereas the somatic regulation decreases with age. These mechanisms may contribute to the nAChR-dependent stimulation of excitability during cognitive tasks as well as to the hyperexcitability caused by hyperfunctional heteromeric nAChRs in sleep-related epilepsy
A MAP OF THE AFFECTIVE SEMANTIC SPACE RELATED TO VARIOUS DIFFERENT TYPES OF WINE
No full textEven if there are incidental factors that can modify emotions and attitudes towards foods and beverages (e.g. purchase environment, packaging, mood), some products are more associated with emotional experiences than others. Wine, for example, is an “emotional” product, at least in some cultures including Italy. Previous studies have shown that the lexicon used to describe the affective space of life experiences is not the same as that which is used to describe individual reactions to foods and odours (Delplanque et al., 2012). This also applies to wine (Author, 2010), where the semantic space suffers from “hedonic asymmetry”. This study aimed to select a list of adjectives in Italian to describe different intensities of emotions elicited during the tasting of various wines. 88 wine consumers assessed the intensities of their feelings in a testing situation using a list of 31 adjectives. 23 of these adjectives were selected from past studies on imagined emotions (Author, 2010) associated with wine and 8 were selected from research on the emotions elicited by odours and foods (Chrea et al., 2009; King, Meiselman, 2010). A Visual Analogue Scale was used. The types of wines used as stimuli varied in terms of colour and enological characteristics in order to represent the wide range of products available. While some terms proved to be more useful to describe the tasting experience, others appeared to be especially useful to discriminate between the various different types of wine. This is the first time that there has been evidence that a specific set of terms is needed to report the feelings elicited by wine tasting efficiently. It also supports the hypothesis that specific emotional profiles can be attributed to different types of wine. Emotions elicited by products are becoming more and more important in terms of product differentiation. In the field of wine, emotional profiles, associated with the traditional sensory profiles, can offer useful additional and attractive information. Chrea, C., Grandjean D., Delplanque S., Cayeux I., Le Calvé B., Aymard L., et al. (2009). Mapping the semantic space for the subjective experience of emotional responses to odors. Chemical Senses. 34(1), 49-62. Delplanque, S., Chrea C., Grandjean D., Ferdenzi C., Cayeux I., Porcherot C., et al. (2012). How to map the affective semantic space of scents. Cognition and Emotion. 26(5), 885-898. King S.C., Meiselman H.L. (2010). Development of a method to measure consumer emotions associated with foods. Food Quality and Preference. 21, 168-177
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