3 research outputs found
La legge sul trattamento dei dati personali in Tanzania: implicazioni sui dati dei lavoratori
No full textInnovations in technology, their varied uses, and the widespread use of social media have all advanced more quickly than in the past, both globally and in the workplace, where employee and customer data is constantly being collected and digitally documented. For this reason, the need for regulatory compliance on protecting personal data in the workplace is paramount. Based on critical analysis of the relevant legislation, case laws, and literature, this article reviews the current state of privacy and data protection in the employment context in Tanzania. This article discusses the implications of the new data protection legislation in Tanzania with a focus on privacy and data protection rights and employee monitoring issues that human resource professionals, managers and employers must be aware of. As it is common for employers to keep employment records, which amount to data, employment is one of the numerous areas and facets in Tanzania that are impacted by the PDPA, 2022. In accordance with the PDPA, employers have a responsibility to protect employee data as data controllers who process sensitive personal data to satisfy the condition that the processing is necessary for the purposes of compliance with the ELRA. Finally, this article recommends that like the EU’s W29 opinion on protection of employee personal data, a special guidance note tailored on employee personal data protection from the PDPC will improve employee privacy in Tanzania.Las innovaciones tecnológicas, sus múltiples usos y la generalización de las redes sociales han avanzado más rápidamente que en el pasado, tanto a escala mundial como en el ámbito laboral, donde los datos de empleados y clientes se recopilan y documentan de manera constante en formato digital. Por este motivo, es primordial cumplir la normativa sobre protección de datos personales en el trabajo. Basándose en un análisis crítico de la legislación, la jurisprudencia y la literatura pertinentes, este artículo examina el estado actual de la privacidad y la protección de datos en el ámbito laboral en Tanzania.En él se analizan las implicaciones de la nueva legislación sobre protección de datos en Tanzania, centrándose en los derechos a la privacidad y a la protección de datos, así como en las cuestiones relativas a la supervisión de los empleados que deben conocer los profesionales de recursos humanos, los directivos y los empleadores. Al ser habitual que los empleadores mantengan registros de empleo, que equivalen a datos, el empleo es una de las numerosas áreas y facetas de Tanzania que se ven afectadas por la PDPA de 2022. De conformidad con la PDPA, los empleadores son responsables de proteger los datos de los empleados y deben garantizar que el tratamiento de los datos personales sensibles sea necesario para cumplir con la ELRA. Por último, este artículo recomienda que, al igual que el dictamen W29 de la UE sobre la protección de los datos personales de los empleados, una nota de orientación especial adaptada sobre la protección de los datos personales de los empleados elaborada por el PDPC mejoraría la privacidad de los empleados en Tanzania.Le innovazioni tecnologiche, i loro diversi utilizzi e l'uso diffuso dei social media sono progrediti rapidamente, sia a livello globale che sul posto di lavoro, dove i dati dei dipendenti e dei clienti vengono costantemente raccolti digitalmente. Sulla base di un'analisi critica della legislazione, della giurisprudenza e della dottrina, l'Articolo esamina lo stato attuale della protezione dei dati nel contesto lavorativo in Tanzania. L'articolo discute le implicazioni della nuova legislazione sul trattamento dei dati in Tanzania, con particolare attenzione al diritto alla privacy e alla protezione dei dati e alle questioni relative al monitoraggio dei dipendenti. Poiché i datori di lavoro raccolgono grandi quantità di dati dei lavoratori, il settore dell'occupazione è una delle numerose aree che in Tanzania sono influenzate dal PDPA, 2022. In conformità con il PDPA, i datori di lavoro hanno la responsabilità di proteggere i dati dei dipendenti in qualità di responsabili del trattamento dei dati personali sensibili. L'Articolo conclude affermando che la tutela della privacy dei lavoratori in Tanzania potrebbe beneficiare del contributo un documento di guida e orientamento in merito alle modalità di protezione dei dati dei lavoratori (similmente a quanto avvenuto in EU con il parere W29 sulla protezione dei dati personali dei dipendenti). 
The regulation of the Nigerian life insurance industry, 1960-1988
No full textThis thesis examines the regulation of the Nigerian life insurance industry during the
1960-1988 period. The role and nature of regulatory policy, the extent of industry
compliance with regulatory rules, and the degree to which policy formulation is
subject to industry influence are examined. The changes in life industry structure,
behaviour and performance are also examined in relation to the regulatory
developments over the period. In this context, the effects of protectionist and other
regulatory policies implemented in the industry are examined within the political
economical framework of Nigeria. Three types of analytical methods are employed in
the study; the historical method, the descriptive survey method and the empirical
method.
Chapter one contains an introduction to the thesis and in chapters two and three, the
literature on the theory of regulation, the characteristics of developing country
insurance markets and the arguments in favour of and against the implementation of
protectionist policy in these markets are reviewed. Chapter four places the study in
context by briefly examining the political economy of Nigeria. This discussion forms
the basis for the analysis of regulation and regulatory developments in chapter five.
Chapter six contains the descriptive and empirical analyses of the impact of policy on
market structure, behaviour and perrormance. In the last chapter conclusions are made
and policy recommendations presented.
Although the stated objectives of regulation are a concern with the consumer and
national economic interest, the results of the analyses lead to the conclusions that,
among other things, (1) the development, implementation and supervision of policy
has been impeded by an underresourced and understaffed regulatory agency (2) the
implementation of protectionist policies in the Nigerian life market has not been
successful in terms of the stated policy objectives (3) the consumer interest is in fact
not being adequately protected and (4) the lack of cooperation between life offices
has contributed to the industry's inability to influence regulatory policy in it's favour.
It is recommended, among other things, that (1) the Government should withdraw
from intensive participation in the life market and should channel it's resources
towards maintaining an effective regulatory mechanism and (2) the implementation of
protectionist policies in the market should be made with respect to the prevailing
socio-economic and political conditions for maximum effectiveness
Prevalence of chronic cough, its risk factors and population attributable risk in the Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease (BOLD) study: a multinational cross-sectional study
No full text© 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)Background: Chronic cough is a common respiratory symptom with an impact on daily activities and quality of life. Global prevalence data are scarce and derive mainly from European and Asian countries and studies with outcomes other than chronic cough. In this study, we aimed to estimate the prevalence of chronic cough across a large number of study sites as well as to identify its main risk factors using a standardised protocol and definition.
Methods: We analysed cross-sectional data from 33,983 adults (≥40 years), recruited between Jan 2, 2003 and Dec 26, 2016, in 41 sites (34 countries) from the Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease (BOLD) study. We estimated the prevalence of chronic cough for each site accounting for sampling design. To identify risk factors, we conducted multivariable logistic regression analysis within each site and then pooled estimates using random-effects meta-analysis. We also calculated the population attributable risk (PAR) associated with each of the identifed risk factors.
Findings: The prevalence of chronic cough varied from 3% in India (rural Pune) to 24% in the United States of America (Lexington,KY). Chronic cough was more common among females, both current and passive smokers, those working in a dusty job, those with a history of tuberculosis, those who were obese, those with a low level of education and those with hypertension or airflow limitation. The most influential risk factors were current smoking and working in a dusty job.
Interpretation: Our findings suggested that the prevalence of chronic cough varies widely across sites in different world regions. Cigarette smoking and exposure to dust in the workplace are its major risk factors.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
