1,720,976 research outputs found
Securing landscape resilience
No full textHarris, Jim A. - Associate Supervisor
Simms, Daniel M. - Associate SupervisorClimate-induced perturbations are expected to increase in frequency and
intensity and affect wetlands by altering its hydrology. An essential first step in
comprehending the wetland hydrological and ecological resilience to future
amplified climatic disturbances in coastal regions and beyond is this work, which
enhances the approach for measuring wetland hydrologic resilience at a regional
scale.
Land use change, natural disturbance and climate change directly alter
ecosystem productivity and resilience levels. The estimation of ecological
resilience dynamics depends on the quality of land cover change data and the
effectiveness of the ecosystem models that represent the vegetation growth
processes and disturbance effects. We used different mathematical approaches
determining resilience, land cover change data to examine landscape resilience
of the ecological networks in terms of scale, and how resilience exhibits as an
emergent behaviour in different types of ecosystems, with its influencing factors,
suggesting application to other estuarine ecosystems. A set of quantitative
metrics was developed including the variations of landscapes, utilizing spectral
power to determine changes in autocorrelation and variance as measures of
critically slowing down, detecting the early warning signals with the development
of the Dynamic Linear Model (DLM).
The coastal landscape, which includes coastal-herbaceous wetlands, was then
subjected to this method detecting the influence of salinity intrusion on estuarine
systems along geographical and temporal salinity gradients. We discovered that
an excellent indication of resilience is the multiscale autocorrelation fluctuations
of wetlands, affected by the temporal trends in data, under various climatic
circumstances.
Climate interannual variability was the key driving force for the large interannual
changes of ecosystem state level while extreme weather events and drought
were the dominant driving forces for resilience balances in several specific
ecoregions. There is a need for techniques that may be utilised to recognise when
a major transition is about to happen because these events might happen without
warning and are challenging to handle. A number of "early warning signals" can
be used to determine a system's near to a critical transition, according to recent
theory, and successful empirical examples point to the possibility of practical use.
Our study provides a practical toolbox that can be applied in a variety of sectors
to help identify early warning signs of crucial transitions in time series data, in
addition to a methodological guide.Natural Environment Research Council (NERC)PhD in Environment and Agrifoo
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Rush dominance in wet pastures - spatial analysis, trajectories and drivers
No full textDorset Wildlife TrustLowland wet pastures are biodiversity-rich ecosystems but are increasingly threatened by the expansion of rush (Juncus spp.), which can dominate and displace species of conservation value. This study quantified the spatial extent, temporal dynamics, and key drivers of rush distribution in Kingcombe Meadows Reserve, Dorset, using high-resolution aerial imagery (2005, 2020) and deep learning methods. A pretrained U-Net convolutional neural network (CNN) was trained on randomly selected annotated image samples to produce reserve-wide rush maps, achieving overall accuracies above 91%. Bias-corrected area estimations showed that rush cover increased substantially over the study period, rising from 7.6% in 2005 to 20% in 2020, indicating both localised spread and establishment in previously unoccupied areas. Topographic analysis revealed that rush occurred predominantly at lower elevations (114-158 m) and on gentle slopes (less than 8 degrees), where hydrological conditions favour persistence. Current grazing pressures showed no significant relationship with rush distribution, suggesting that grazing alone could not explain recent expansion patterns in the reserve. This study demonstrates that CNN-based segmentation provides a powerful framework for fine-scale vegetation mapping and ecological assessment. The results highlight the need for integrated management strategies that combine grazing, hydrological, and topographic considerations to control rush encroachment effectively. More broadly, the approach offers a transferable tool for conservation practitioners and policymakers to monitor invasive or encroaching species in wet grasslands and other sensitive habitats, supporting evidence-based management and enhancing biodiversity conservation at a landscape scale.MK Soil Science Ltd (sponsorship)Dorset Wildlife Trust (operational support)MSc in Advanced GIS and Remote Sensin
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