196,008 research outputs found
Immiscible foam for enhancing oil recovery
No full textGrowing worldwide oil demand increased the need of new and efficient oil recovery methods. Gas injection in oil reservoirs is deemed one of the most widely used methods to increase oil recovery. However, the full potential of gas injection is often not realized due to poor vertical and areal sweep efficiency of the gas. Foaming could be a potential solution to mitigate the above challenges in gas-flood processes. This thesis aims to study the behavior of foam in natural sandstone previously subject to water flooding. It provides new insight into processes that could be highly relevant for the application of enhanced oil recovery (EOR) in clastic reservoirs. The main premise of this thesis is that whether stable foam can be generated in the presence of ware-flood residual oil and if so, can such foam increase oil recovery beyond water/gas flooding? These questions were addressed by performing systematic bulk and porous media studies. Firstly, the bulk foaming characteristics of several commercial surfactants were investigated to examine the effects of oil phase on the foamability and foam stability. A foaming agent, the AOS surfactant, which forms a stable foam in the presence of alkane-type oils, was thus identified. Secondly, the flow of that surfactant foam in natural sandstone was studied in the absence of oil. Effects of surfactant concentration and injection velocity on the foam mobility and foam propagation were examined in detail. Mechanisms involved in the foam mobility reduction were also explored. Knowledge obtained from the above part formed a basis for further study of the behavior of foam in porous media in the presence of oil. Thirdly, foam flow in water-flooded sandstone was studied with the aid of X-ray CT scanner, enabling us to provide evidence that stable foam could be obtained in the presence of oil. More significantly, we proved that foam displaced additional oil from water-flooded sandstone. Incremental oil recovery by foam was as much as 23±2% of the oil initially in place after injection of four pore volumes compared to only 5.0±0.5% for gas flooding at the same conditions. These results support the idea that foam is potentially an effective EOR method.Geoscience & EngineeringCivil Engineering and Geoscience
Effect of Reservoir Heterogeneity on Immiscible Foam Enhanced Oil Recovery
No full textGas flooding is a widely used improved and enhanced oil recovery (IOR/EOR) method. However, due to low density and high mobility of gas compared to oil and water, gas tends to segregate to the top of the reservoir and overrides both oil and water. In heterogeneous and layered reservoirs gas also tends to channel through high permeability streaks. Hence in gas flooding the sweep efficiency is generally poor which leads to low incremental oil recovery factor. The development of foam leads to lowering the gas mobility and thus can help overcome the above disadvantages and improve the reservoir sweep efficiency. Many experimental and modeling studies have been devoted to describe foam in the last decade, but questions remain about foam performance in EOR. In particular there are still some important questions regarding foam stability and propagation in reservoirs containing oil and the effect of reservoir heterogeneity. Recent experiments done at the Delft University of Technology have demonstrated that adequately selected surfactants produce foams that are stable in presence of oil. However, if oil saturation is too large there is still a risk that foam will not be sufficiently strong to achieve the desired high recovery factor. In this study we investigate the effect reservoir heterogeneity on the performance of immiscible foam EOR. The study addresses four different types of reservoir models, homogeneous reservoir, stochastic permeability reservoir, layered reservoir and layered stochastic reservoir. We adopt six different recovery methods starting with water flooding and NFA as a base case, surfactant flooding, gas flooding, foam co-injection, SAG processes and WAG processes. The simulation results show that foam co-injection has the best sweep efficiency and highest oil recovery. Foam front propagation rate is found to be lower in heterogeneous reservoirs compare with homogenous case and therefore more injection time is needed to reach the same recovery as in the homogeneous case. In all the injection scenarios, the oil recovery in heterogeneous reservoirs is lower.Petroleum Engineering and GeosciencesCivil Engineering and Geoscience
Dr. Duane M. Jackson, Morehouse College, July 2011
No full textThis video is a conversation with Dr. Duane M. Jackson. Dr. Jackson talks about his paper, "Recall and the Serial Position Effect: The Role of Primacy and Recency on Accounting Students' Performance." Jackie Daniel, AUC Woodruff Library, is the interviewer
"Reflections on the subject of Emigration from Europe with a view to Settlement in the United States" By M. Carey.
No full text"Reflections on the subject of Emigration from Europe with a view to Settlement in the United States: containing bried sketches of the moral and political character of those states.
By M. Carey, member of the American philosophical, and of the American Antiquarian Society, and author of The Olive Branch, Cindiciae Hibernicae, essays on banking, on political economy, and on internal improvement.
To which are now added the English editor's comments on the subject; together with Important Advice to Emigrants, and Cautions Against Impositions Practiced in the Outports
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Dr. Glendon Swarthout
No full textHosted by Roger M. Busfield, MSU Assistant Professor of Speech and Theater, Meet the Author is designed to introduce a general audience to a contemporary author and their work through in-depth interviews. This episode features a conversation between Dr. Glendon Swarthout, prolific author and English professor at MSU, and assistant professors Sam S. Baskett and Theodore B. Strandness
Simulation of thermal plant optimization and hydraulic aspects of thermal distribution loops for large campuses
No full textFollowing an introduction, the author describes Texas A&M University and its utilities system. After that, the author presents how to construct simulation models for chilled water and heating hot water distribution systems. The simulation model was used in a $2.3 million Ross Street chilled water pipe replacement project at Texas A&M University. A second project conducted at the University of Texas at San Antonio was used as an example to demonstrate how to identify and design an optimal distribution system by using a simulation model. The author found that the minor losses of these closed loop thermal distribution systems are significantly higher than potable water distribution systems. In the second part of the report, the author presents the latest development of software called the Plant Optimization Program, which can simulate cogeneration plant operation, estimate its operation cost and provide optimized operation suggestions. The author also developed detailed simulation models for a gas turbine and heat recovery steam generator and identified significant potential savings. Finally, the author also used a steam turbine as an example to present a multi-regression method on constructing simulation models by using basic statistics and optimization algorithms. This report presents a survey of the author??s working experience at the Energy Systems Laboratory (ESL) at Texas A&M University during the period of January 2002 through March 2004. The purpose of the above work was to allow the author to become familiar with the practice of engineering. The result is that the author knows how to complete a project from start to finish and understands how both technical and nontechnical aspects of a project need to be considered in order to ensure a quality deliverable and bring a project to successful completion. This report concludes that the objectives of the internship were successfully accomplished and that the requirements for the degree of Degree of Engineering have been satisfied
Intern experience at CH���M Hill, Inc.: an internship report
No full textIncludes author's vita"Submitted to the College of Engineering of Texas A&M University in partial
fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Doctor of Engineering."Includes bibliographical referencesA review of the author's internship experience with CH���M HILL, Inc.
during the period September 1975 through May 1976 is presented. During this nine month
internship the author worked as an Engineer II in the Industrial Processes discipline of this
large consulting engineering firm... The author's prime responsibility was as one of three
lead design engineers on the design of a large wastewater treatment facility for a pulp mill
in Hoquiam, Washington owned by ITT Rayonier Inc. The work generally consisted of the design
of individual treatment units and associated piping and pumping. The purpose of the project
was to provide wastewater treatment capabilities that would satisfy the effluent limitations
(standards) imposed upon the mill by the State of Washington Department of Ecology and the
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The author's assignment also entailed necessary
interaction with the project manager and other CH���M HILL design engineers and support staff
members, the client's representatives, and representatives of two other consulting engineering
firms working on the project. Thus, the internship position at CH���M HILL provided considerable
experience coordinating the author's work with the work of other engineers, guiding the design
and administrative efforts of a support staff, and interacting regularly with the client and
other consulting firms. This broad exposure to a variety of engineering and organizational
problems provided a valuable educational experience
Transition to turbulence in a qblique shock-wave/boundary-layer interaction at M=15
No full textDirect numerical simulations are carried out for different forcing techniques to trigger transition during the interaction between an oblique shock-wave and a laminar boundary-layer at M = 1.5. Three forcing methods are used: a) forcing of oblique unstable modes, whose shape and behaviour are determined by the local linear stability theory, b) broadband free-stream acoustic disturbances, and c) a cold plasma flow control device. While the oblique-mode breakdown is dominant for low-amplitude forcing, long streaky structures drive the transition process in a high-amplitude disturbance environment. LES are also performed on the experimental setup by the Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics (ITAM) from Novosibirsk State University with cold plasma actuation. As well as the disturbance type, the effect of Reynolds number and forcing amplitude will be investigated
Letter from Cedrick M. Shimo to the Office of Redress Administration, June 4, 1991
No full textA letter from Cedrick M. Shimo to the Office of Redress Administration arguing that John Y. Udaka is entitled to a redress payment.These materials are from box 73 and 74 of the Frank Chin Papers. The Frank Chin Papers contain personal and professional correspondence between Frank Chin and Michi Weglyn relating to particular projects on which either author was working as well as files related to the Day of Remembrance Tribute to Michi Weglyn
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