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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Zeitliche Vorhersagbarkeit von Bedrohung: Evaluation der unterschiedlichen Aktivierung von Amygdala und BNST sowie die Relevanz für die Vorhersagbarkeit von Therapieerfolg bei der Spinnenphobie
No full textPredictability of threat is one of the key modulators of neural activity in fear and anxiety-related threat processes and there is a considerable number of studies focusing on the exact contribution of centromedial amygdala and Bed nucleus of stria terminalis (BNST) in animals as well as in humans. In this research field, some studies already investigated the differential involvement of both areas during temporally predictable and unpredictable threat processes in humans. However, these studies showed several limitations e.g. small sample size, no predictable threat conditions, no separation of anticipation and confrontation processes, which should be addressed in future studies. Furthermore, evidence for group-based inter-individual differences of amygdala and BNST activity during predictable and unpredictable threat processes have not been studied extensively.
Several studies suggest a relevant role of the amygdala and BNST activity in phobic processes in patients with specific phobia, but no study so far has investigated the exact contribution of centromedial amygdala (CM) and BNST during temporally predictable and unpredictable threat processes in specific phobia.
This thesis consisted of three studies and aimed to evaluate the exact contribution of CM and BNST during temporally predictable and unpredictable threat anticipation and confrontation with the use of an optimized functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) paradigm, which aimed to solve methodological limitations of recent studies. Study 1 used a large sample of healthy participants who were grouped based on NPSR1 genotype, and study 2 and study 3 used a sample of patients with spider phobia. In sum, the results of all three studies indicated, that BNST is more relevant for anticipation processes as compared to the CM. Contrary, during the confrontation phase the CM displays a greater relevance for threat confrontation processes.
In recent years, various studies have investigated the extent to which treatment success can be predicted in patients with anxiety disorders based on pre-treatment fMRI activity. Therefore, this was investigated for the first time in study 3 in patients with spider phobia during temporally predictable and unpredictable threat processes. Results indicated that independent of temporal predictability lower anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) activity during threat anticipation and engaged BNST during threat confrontation might be benefitting factors for successful therapy response in spider phobia.Die Vorhersagbarkeit der Bedrohung ist einer der wichtigsten Modulatoren der neuronalen Aktivität bei angst- und furchtbezogenen Bedrohungsprozessen, und es gibt eine beträchtliche Anzahl von Studien, die sich mit der unterschiedlichen Beteiligung der zentromedialen Amygdala (CM) und des Bed nucleus of stria terminalis (BNST) während dieser Prozesse sowohl bei Tieren als auch beim Menschen beschäftigen. In diesem Forschungsfeld untersuchten bereits einige Studien die exakte Beteiligung beider Areale während zeitlich vorhersehbarer und unvorhersehbarer Bedrohungsprozesse beim Menschen. Diese Studien wiesen jedoch einige Limitationen auf (z.B. geringe Stichprobengröße, keine vorhersagbaren Bedrohungsbedingungen, gemeinsame Analyse der Aktivierung über Antizipations- und Konfrontationsphasen hinweg), die in zukünftigen Studien verbessert werden sollten.
Zudem gibt es bisher wenige Studien, welche die unterschiedliche Beteiligung der Amygdala und des BNST während Bedrohungsprozessen auf Grundlage gruppenbasierter inter-individueller Unterschiede untersucht haben. Mehrere Studien deuten auf eine erhöhte Aktivierung sowohl der Amygdala als auch des BNST während phobischer Angstprozesse bei Patient*Innen mit einer spezifischen Phobie hin. Allerdings hat bisher jedoch noch keine Studie die Aktivierung der CM und des BNST während zeitlich vorhersagbarer und unvorhersagbarer phobischer Bedrohungsprozesse bei Patient*Innen direkt verglichen.
Unter Verwendung eines optimierten funktionelle Magnetresonanztomographie (fMRT)-Paradigmas, das darauf abzielte, methodische Probleme der bisherigen Studien zu lösen, wurde in dieser Arbeit die unterschiedliche Aktivierung von CM und BNST während zeitlich vorhersehbarer und unvorhersehbarer Bedrohungsantizipation und -konfrontation in einer großen Stichprobe gesunder Teilnehmer, die anhand des NPSR1-Genotyps gruppiert wurden (Studie 1), und Patient*Innen mit einer Spinnenphobie untersucht (Studie 2 und Studie 3). In Summe zeigten die Ergebnisse aller drei Studien, dass im Vergleich zur CM der BNST für Antizipationsprozesse relevanter ist. Hingegen zeigte die CM in der Konfrontationsphase mit einer Bedrohung eine größere Aktivierung als der BNST.
In den letzten Jahren haben verschiedene Studien untersucht, inwieweit der Behandlungserfolg bei Patient*Innen mit einer Angststörung anhand der fMRT-Aktivität vor der Behandlung vorhergesagt werden kann. Daher wurde in Studie 3 dies erstmals bei Patient*Innen mit einer Spinnenphobie während zeitlich vorhersehbarer und unvorhersehbarer Bedrohungsprozesse untersucht. Die Ergebnisse deuteten darauf hin, dass eine geringere Aktivität im anterioren cingulären Cortex (ACC) während phobischen Antizipationsprozessen und eine höhere Aktivierung im BNST während der Konfrontation mit phobischen Stimuli günstige Faktoren für den Therapieerfolg bei Spinnenphobie sein könnten
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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