103 research outputs found
Posredovanje u sećanju preživelih prve i druge generacije: Magda Bošan Simin i Nevena Simin "Zašto su ćutale: majka i ćerka o istom ratu"
No full textThe reasons for researching the works of Yugoslav author Magda Bošan Simin are several: (1) her novel "When the Sour Cherries Bloom" (1958) was probably the first literary representation of the Holocaust written by a woman author in Yugoslavia; (2) Bošan Simin represents the Holocaust in multiple formats (documentary prose, memoir, autobiographical novel); (3) the book "Why They Said Nothing: Mother and Daughter on One and the Same War" (2009, English edition 2015) is a narrative comprised of texts written by both Magda Bošan Simin as a Holocaust survivor and her daughter Nevena Simin as a second-generation Holocaust survivor. The research focuses on Holocaust survivors and their post-Holocaust children, issues of memory in Holocaust representation, types of memory, memory mediation, author’s intentionality, and gender and identity issues.Razloga za istraživanja dela jugoslovenske autorke Magde Bošan Simin je nekoliko: (1) njen roman "Kad cvetaju višnje" (1958.) verovatno prvi književni prikaz Holokausta koji je napisala žena autor u Jugoslaviji; (2) Bošan Simin predstavlja Holokaust u više formata (dokumentarna proza, memoari, autobiografski roman); (3) knjiga "Zašto su ćutale: majka i ćerka u istom ratu" (2009, Englesko izdanje 2015) je narativ koji se sastoji od tekstova koje su napisale obe - Magde Bošan Simin kao preživela Holokausta i njena ćerka Nevena Simin kao druga generacija preživele Holokaust. Istraživanje se fokusira na preživele Holokausta i njihovu decu posle Holokausta, pitanje sećanja u predstavljanju Holokausta, vrste pamćenja, posredovanje u pamćenju, autorska intencionalnost, pol i pitanja identiteta.Tema ovog broja: "Balkanske Jevrejke" (the topic of this issue: "Balkan Jewish women")
Zašto su ćutale?: majka i ćerka o istom ratu
No full textWhen my mother Magda abandoned all her struggles and battles at the age of 83, she left behind some unpublished manuscripts and among them a document titled “Women of Bačka - Political Convicts in 1941-1945 War”. “Women’s Studies” from Novi Sad offered to have it published. But, they said, it would be very interesting to supplement the manuscript with comments written by me, Magda’s daughter, and equally important - a representative of the second generation of the survivors of the Second World War - on the same topic from two angles. I gave my consent. We arrived at an agreement easily: I would set out on the itinerary across Europe along which the Nazis and their allies arrested, beat, tortured and maltreated, and then transported as mere objects my Magda and hundreds of her war women comrades, political convicts; women… While I was treading along Magda’s warpath and occasionally the warpath of my father Živko, I was increasingly engrossed by my internal labyrinth, so that the words I am laying down here at your feet, I have plucked out from my wounded soul of the second generation of the victims of Holocaust who have survived. Although for a longer part of my life I had believed that it is best for the health of a human being who has experienced something bad to forget everything, I am not sorry for having agreed to re-open all those evil doors within me. As the experience comes up and accumulates, new possibilities emerge and new reasons come up in the open. It is increasingly becoming clear to me how important it is to testify. For the sake of the health of each individual victim and for the sake of restoration of the health of humanity in general. From my own experience, I became convinced that war crimes cannot be subject to the statute of limitations, that wounds inflicted in such crimes cannot heal in victims’ children, not even in grandchildren, nor in great-grandchildren, and that they continue to envenom the posterity indefinitely. Testimonies must, therefore, be repeated incessantly, regardless of the fact that new wars outshine the old ones (part of the introduction).„Kada je moja majka Magda, u 83-oj godini, napustila svoje borbe i svoje bitke, iza nje su ostali neki neobjavljeni rukopisi, među njima dokument „Bačvanke - političke osuđenice u ratu 1941-45“. I novosadske „Ženske studije“ mi ponude da mi to objavimo. Ali, rekoše, bilo bi veoma zanimljivo da se taj rukopis dopuni komentarima koje bih pisala ja, Magdina ćerka, i, što je jednako važno - druga generacija preživelih iz tog II svetskog rata. Majka i ćerka, prva i druga generacija preživelih - ista tema, dva ugla. Pristanem. Lako smo se dogovorile: poći ću onim stazama po Evropi kojima su nacisti i njihovi saveznici hapsili, tukli, mučili i zlostavljali, pa prevozili kao stvar moju Magdu i stotine njenih ratnih drugarica, političkih osuđenica; žena... Prateći Magdinu ratnu stazu i povremeno ratnu stazu moga oca Živka, sve sam se više udubljivala u svoj unutrašnji lavirint, pa reči koje ovde prostirem pred vas čupam iz svoje ranjene duše druge generacije preživelih u Holokaustu. Iako sam veći deo svog života mislila da je za čoveka kome se zlo dogodilo najzdravije da sve zaboravi, nisam se pokajala zbog pristanka da ponovo otvorim ta zla vrata u sebi. Kako iskustvo nadolazi i gomila se, pokazuju se i drugačije mogućnosti i drugi razlozi izranjaju na svetlo dana. Sve mi je jasnije koliko je važno svedočiti. Baš zbog zdravlja pojedinačne žrtve i zbog ozdravljenja čovečanstva. Na ličnom iskustvu sam se uverila da ratni zločini ne zastarevaju, da rane od tih zločina ne zaceljuju ni u deci, ni u unucima, ni u praunucima i truju nova pokolenja u nedogled. To se mora govoriti, neprekidno, bez obzira što novi ratovi zasenjuju stare“ (deo teksta iz Uvoda)
יהודי נובי סאד שנהרגו כמשתתפים במאבק האנטי-פשיסטי 1945-1941
No full textU ovoj knjizi sećamo se imena devedeset i troje Novosađana, Jevreja, koji su od 1941. do 1945. godine hrabro pružali otpor mađarskim, nemačkim, u nekim slučajevima, i italijanskim okupatorima, te domaćim izdajnicima, saradnicima tih okupacionih snaga, i u toj borbi izgubil život. Imena ovih junaka uklesana su u granitni spomenik postavljen u dvorište novosadske sinagoge. Od završetka Drugog svetskog rata, o kome ovde dajemo jedno ograničeno svedočenje, prošlo je 80 godina. Podaci i svedočenja o učesnicima tog, sad već starog, rata polako se gube, blede i nestaju. Za neke od učesnika ima dosta pouzdanih podataka, za neke postoje samo oskudni podaci: lično ime, godina rođenja i godina pogibije ili samo godina pogibije, a uz nekoliko imena nemamo ni to. U ovom poslu pravljenja spiska i davanja kratkih biografija ograničili smo se na učesnike u ratu iz jevrejske zajednice koji su rođeni na široj teritoriji Novog Sada, ali ipak ne možemo biti sigurni da smo pronašli sva imena poginulih ustanika.In this book, we remember the names of ninety-three people from Novi Sad, of Jews who from 1941 to 1945 bravely resisted the Hungarian, German, and in some cases Italian occupiers, as well as domestic traitors, collaborators of the occupying forces, and lost their lives in that struggle. The names of those heroes are carved into a granite monument placed in the courtyard of the Novi Sad synagogue. Since the end of the Second World War, which is the subject of a limited testimony here, 80 years have passed. Data and testimonies about the participants of that, by now bygone war, are slowly being lost, are slowly fading, disappearing. Regarding some of the participants, quite a lot of reliable data can be found, whereas for some of them, only scant data are available: first name, year of birth, and year of death, or just the year of death; for a few others, not even that. Although in compiling the list and adding short biographies, we have limited ourselves to the participants in the war from the Jewish community who were born in Novi Sad or its surroundings, we cannot be sure that all the fallen insurgents can be accounted for.להלן תיאור מקוצר של האנדרטה המוצבת בחצר בית הכנסת בנובי סאד, אליה חרוטים בגרניט שמות גיבורים. עברו 80 שנה מתום מלחמת העולם השנייה. מידע ועדויות על וטרנים ההיא, שהיום היא כבר מיושנת, הולכים לאיבוד, מתפוגגים ונעלמים. על חלקם מהמשתתפים יש הרבה נתונים אמינים, על חלק יש נתונים מועטים בלבד: שם פרטי, שנת לידה ושנת פטירה או רק שנת פטירה, ועם כמה אנשים אין לנו אפילו את זה. למרות שבעבודה זו של עריכת רשימה ומתן ביוגרפיות קצרות, הגבלנו את עצמנו לוטרנים מהקהילה היהודית שנולדו במחוז נובי סאד, איננו יכולים להיות בטוחים שאנו מודעים בכל לוחם שנספה.Deo teksta na srpskom, engleskom i hebrejskom jeziku (part of the text in Serbian, English and Hebrew)
Why they said nothing?: mother and daughter on one and the same war
No full text„Kada je moja majka Magda, u 83-oj godini, napustila svoje borbe i svoje bitke, iza nje su ostali neki neobjavljeni rukopisi, među njima dokument „Bačvanke - političke osuđenice u ratu 1941-45“. I novosadske „Ženske studije“ mi ponude da mi to objavimo. Ali, rekoše, bilo bi veoma zanimljivo da se taj rukopis dopuni komentarima koje bih pisala ja, Magdina ćerka, i, što je jednako važno - druga generacija preživelih iz tog II svetskog rata. Majka i ćerka, prva i druga generacija preživelih - ista tema, dva ugla. Pristanem. Lako smo se dogovorile: poći ću onim stazama po Evropi kojima su nacisti i njihovi saveznici hapsili, tukli, mučili i zlostavljali, pa prevozili kao stvar moju Magdu i stotine njenih ratnih drugarica, političkih osuđenica; žena... Prateći Magdinu ratnu stazu i povremeno ratnu stazu moga oca Živka, sve sam se više udubljivala u svoj unutrašnji lavirint, pa reči koje ovde prostirem pred vas čupam iz svoje ranjene duše druge generacije preživelih u Holokaustu. Iako sam veći deo svog života mislila da je za čoveka kome se zlo dogodilo najzdravije da sve zaboravi, nisam se pokajala zbog pristanka da ponovo otvorim ta zla vrata u sebi. Kako iskustvo nadolazi i gomila se, pokazuju se i drugačije mogućnosti i drugi razlozi izranjaju na svetlo dana. Sve mi je jasnije koliko je važno svedočiti. Baš zbog zdravlja pojedinačne žrtve i zbog ozdravljenja čovečanstva. Na ličnom iskustvu sam se uverila da ratni zločini ne zastarevaju, da rane od tih zločina ne zaceljuju ni u deci, ni u unucima, ni u praunucima i truju nova pokolenja u nedogled. To se mora govoriti, neprekidno, bez obzira što novi ratovi zasenjuju stare“ (deo teksta iz Uvoda).„When my mother Magda abandoned all her struggles and battles at the age of 83, she left behind some unpublished manuscripts and among them a document titled “Women of Bačka - Political Convicts in 1941-1945 War”. “Women’s Studies” from Novi Sad offered me to have it published. But, they said, it would be very interesting to supplement the manuscript with comments written by me, Magda’s daughter, and equally important - a representative of the second generation of the survivors of the Second World War - on the same topic from two angles. I gave my consent. We arrived at an agreement easily: I would set out on the itinerary across Europe along which the Nazis and their allies arrested, beat, tortured and maltreated, and then transported as mere objects my Magda and hundreds of her war women comrades, political convicts; women…While I was treading along Magda’s warpath and occasionally the warpath of my father Živko, I was increasingly engrossed by my internal labyrinth, so that the words I am laying down here at your feet, I have plucked out from my wounded soul of the second generation of the victims of Holocaust who have survived. Although for a longer part of my life I had believed that it is best for the health of a human being who has experienced something bad to forget everything, I am not sorry for having agreed to re-open all those evil doors within me. As the experience comes up and accumulates, new possibilities emerge and new reasons come up in the open. It is increasingly becoming clear to me how important it is to testify. For the sake of the health of each individual victim and for the sake of restoration of the health of humanity in general. From my own experience, I became convinced that war crimes cannot be subject to the statute of limitations, that wounds inflicted in such crimes cannot heal in victims’ children, not even in grandchildren, nor in great-grandchildren, and that they continue to envenom the posterity indefinitely. Testimonies must, therefore, be repeated incessantly, regardless of the fact that new wars outshine the old ones“ (part of the introduction)
In vitro and in vivo antitumour and hepatoprotective activity of horseradish
No full textRen (Armoracia rusticana, G. Gaertn, B. Mey. and Scherb.) je otporna višegodišnja biljka koja se uzgaja zbog specifičnog intenzivnog i ljutog ukusa. Cilj ovog rada bio je ispitivanje antitumorske i hepatoprotektivne aktivnosti ekstrakata i soka korena rena in vitro i in vivo. Primenom tečno-tečne ekstrakcije izolovane su i razdvojene polarne od nepolarnih komponenti, a HPLC metodom identifikovana su i kvantifikovana polifenolna jedinjenja u dobijenim ekstraktima i soku korena rena. Antiproliferativna aktivnost ekstrakata i soka korena rena ispitana je in vitro na tumorskim ćelijskim linijama: karcinoma grlića materice (HeLa), adenokarcinoma dojke (MCF7 i MDA-MB-231), adenokarcinoma debelog creva (HT-29), adenokarcinoma pluća (A549), adenokarcinoma prostate (PC-3), karcinoma kože (Hs 294T), karcinoma jetre (Hep G2), kao i na ćelijskim linijama karcinoma jetre pacova (H-4-II-E) i normalnim fetalnim ćelijskim linijama pluća (MPC-5) upotrebom Sulforodamin B testa. Mehanizam ćelijske smrti određen je detekcijom apoptoze i nekroze upotrebom Cell Death Detection ELISAPLUS kompleta. In vivo je ispitana antitumorska aktivnosti ekstrakata i soka korena rena na ćelijama Ehrlich-ovog ascitnog karcinoma (EAK) implantiranih NMRI miševima, kao i antioksidantna i hepatoprotektivna aktivnost kod intoksikacije jetre indukovane ugljen-tertrahloridom (CCL4) kod miševa. Ispitana je aktivnost osam ekstrakata korena rena i to iz pulpe: dihlormetanski (E1), hloroformski (E2), butanolni (E8) i vodeni (E7) i iz soka: dihlormetanski (E3), hloroformski (E4), butanolni (E6) i vodeni (E5) i sok korena rena (J9). Dihlormetanski ekstrakti korena rena imali su najveći sadržaj katehina, p-hidroksibenzoeve, siringinske i galne kiseline (pulpa, E1) i epikatehina (sok, E3). Hloroformski ekstrakt pulpe (E2) imao je visok sadržaj kvercetina i kemferola, dok je sok korena rena sadržao veće koncentracije katehina i galne kiseline. Rezultati su pokazali snažnu i neselektivnu antiproliferativnu aktivnost hloroformskih i dihlormetanskih ekstrakata i soka korena rena, sa najsnažnijim delovanjem na ćelijske linije jetre, dojke i pluća. Dobijene IC50 vrednosti bile su pri niskim koncentracijama (IC50 = 3,49-28,46 μg/mL) i visokim razblaženjima (IC50 = 418-1590). Sok (J9) i hloroformski ekstrakt soka rena (E4) pokazali su snažnu, nepoželjnu sposobnost indukcije nekroze. Ekstrakti i sok korena rena uticali su na povećanje oksidativnog stresa u ćelijama Ehrlich-ovog ascitnog karcinoma (EAK). Kod životinja koje su pretretirane sokom korena rena (J9) i posttretirane hloroformskim ekstraktom pulpe (E2) i dihlormetanskim ekstraktom soka (E3) postojalo je značajno povećanje aktivnosti superoksid dismutaze (SOD), ksantin oksidaze (XOD), glutation peroksidaze (GSHPx), glutation reduktaze (GR), intenziteta lipidne peroksidacije (LPx), kao i smanjenje aktivnosti katalaze (CAT) i nivoa glutationa (GSH) u ćelijama EAK. Efekti ekstrakata i soka korena rena na oksidativni stres kod hepatotoksičnog oštećenja jetre indukovanog ugljen-tetrahloridom bili su procenjeni merenjem parametara antioksidantne aktivnosti, kao i biohemijskih parametara funkcije jetre. Pretretmani sokom korena rena, hloroformskim ekstraktom pulpe (E2) i dihlormetanskim ekstraktom soka (E3), pre aplikacije CCl4, uticali su na značajno povećanje aktivnosti CAT, SOD, GR i nivoa GSH, kao i na značajno smanjenje aktivnosti XOD, GSHPx i intenziteta LPx, u odnosu na grupu životinja intoksikovanu CCl4-om. Takođe, pretretmani sa sokom korena rena, kao i hloroformskim i dihlormetanskim ekstraktima pre aplikacije CCl4 uticali su na značajno smanjenje aktivnosti ALT/AST i koncentracije hidroksiprolina, koje su bile povišene kod životinja nakon intoksikacije CCl4-om. Može se zaključiti da je detektovano snažno i neselektivno antiproliferativno dejstvo in vitro hloroformskih i dihlormetanskih ekstrakata i soka korena rena, sa nekrozom kao osnovnim mehanizmom indukovane ćelijske smrti. Rezultati dobijeni u in vivo ispitivanjima ukazali su da sok korena rena (J9), hloroformski ekstrakt pulpe (E2) i dihlormetanski ekstrakti soka (E3) ispoljavaju potencijalnu antitumorsku aktivnost prema ćelijama EAK, kao i potencijalnu antioksidantnu i hepatoprotektivnu aktivnost prevenirajući oštećenja jetre indukovana hepatotoksičnim CCl4-om.Horseradish (Armoracia rusticana, G. Gaertn, B. Mey. and Scherb.) is a hardy perennial herb, cultivated for its delicious, pungency and cooling taste. The aim of this study was to investigate antitumour and hepatoprptective activity of horseradish (Armoracia rusticana, Brasicaceae) root juice and extracts in vitro and in vivo. Liquid-liquid extraction of polar and non-polar compounds was used and polyphenolic compounds were identified and quantified by HPLC analysis. Antiproliferative activity was examinated in vitro on human cervix carcinoma (HeLa), breast adenocarcinoma (MCF7, MDA-MB-231), colon adenocarcinoma (HT-29), lung adenocarcinoma (A549), prostate adenocarcinoma (PC-3), melanocyte carcinoma (Hs 294T), hepatocyte carcinoma (Hep G2), as well as rat hepatocyte carcinoma (H-4-II-E), and normal human fetal lung (MRC-5) cell line using Sulforhodamine B assay. The mechanism of cell-death in cell line was determinated using Cell Death Detection ELISAPLUS kit. The antiproliferative activity of horseradish root juice and extracts against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) in Hannover National Medical Institute (Hann:NMRI) mice, as well as antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver injury in mice were examinated in vivo. This investigation was performed by use of dichloromethane (E1), chloroform (E2), butanol (E8) and aqueous (E7) extracts of horseradish pulp; dichloromethane (E3), chloroform (E4), butanol (E6) and aqueous (E5) extracts of horseradish juice, and unaltered horseradish juice (J9). Dichloromethane extracts had the highest content of catechin, p-hydroxybenzoic, syringic and gallic acid (pulp, E1), and epicatechin (juice, E3). Choroform pulp extract (E2) contained quercetin and kaempferol while gallic acid and catechin were mostly found in the juice (J9). The results showed strong and non-selective antiproliferative activity of chloroform and dichloromethane extracts and root juice - highest being towards liver, breast and lung tissue cells. IC50 values of extracts and juice were obtained in low range of concentrations (IC50 = 3,49-28,46 μg/mL) and high range of dilutions (IC50 = 418-1590). High and unfavorable potential of horseradish juice (J9) and chloroform juice extract (E4) to induce necrotic cell death was detected. Both the extracts and juice caused an increase of oxidative stress in EAC cells. Animals pre-treated with horseradish root juice (J9) and post-treated with chloroform pulp (E2) or dichloromethane juice (E3) extracts showed increased activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), xanthine oxidase (XOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx), glutathione reductase (GR) and the intensity of lipid peroxidation (LPx). On the other hand, catalase (CAT) activity and the amount of glutathione (GSH) significantly decreased in EAC cells. Effects of horseradish root juice and extracts on CCl4-induced oxidative stress were evaluated by measuring stress parameters and biochemical parameters of liver function. Pre-treatment with horseradish root juice, pulp chloroform (E2) and dichloromethane juice (E3) extracts, before application of CCl4, led to a significant increase in CAT, SOD, GR and GSH levels, and significantly decreased XOD, GSHPx and LPx levels, bringing them closer to the values of the EAC control group. Also, pre-treatment with horseradish root juice and chloroform and dichloromethane extracts, before application of CCl4 led to significant decrease in ALT/AST activities and hydroxyproline concentration, which were elevated in CCl4-intoxicated animals. It could be conclude that strong and non-selective in vitro antiproliferative activity of chloroform and dichloromethane extracts and root juice of horseradish was detected, with necrosis as a main mechanism of induced cell death. Obtained results suggest that the horseradish root juice (J9), as well as pulp chloroform (E2) and dichloromethane juice (E3) extracts exert antitumour effects on Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) and antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects against CCl4-induced liver toxicity in vivo
In vitro and in vivo antitumour and hepatoprotective activity of horseradish
No full textRen (Armoracia rusticana, G. Gaertn, B. Mey. and Scherb.) je otporna višegodišnja biljka koja se uzgaja zbog specifičnog intenzivnog i ljutog ukusa. Cilj ovog rada bio je ispitivanje antitumorske i hepatoprotektivne aktivnosti ekstrakata i soka korena rena in vitro i in vivo. Primenom tečno-tečne ekstrakcije izolovane su i razdvojene polarne od nepolarnih komponenti, a HPLC metodom identifikovana su i kvantifikovana polifenolna jedinjenja u dobijenim ekstraktima i soku korena rena. Antiproliferativna aktivnost ekstrakata i soka korena rena ispitana je in vitro na tumorskim ćelijskim linijama: karcinoma grlića materice (HeLa), adenokarcinoma dojke (MCF7 i MDA-MB-231), adenokarcinoma debelog creva (HT-29), adenokarcinoma pluća (A549), adenokarcinoma prostate (PC-3), karcinoma kože (Hs 294T), karcinoma jetre (Hep G2), kao i na ćelijskim linijama karcinoma jetre pacova (H-4-II-E) i normalnim fetalnim ćelijskim linijama pluća (MPC-5) upotrebom Sulforodamin B testa. Mehanizam ćelijske smrti određen je detekcijom apoptoze i nekroze upotrebom Cell Death Detection ELISAPLUS kompleta. In vivo je ispitana antitumorska aktivnosti ekstrakata i soka korena rena na ćelijama Ehrlich-ovog ascitnog karcinoma (EAK) implantiranih NMRI miševima, kao i antioksidantna i hepatoprotektivna aktivnost kod intoksikacije jetre indukovane ugljen-tertrahloridom (CCL4) kod miševa. Ispitana je aktivnost osam ekstrakata korena rena i to iz pulpe: dihlormetanski (E1), hloroformski (E2), butanolni (E8) i vodeni (E7) i iz soka: dihlormetanski (E3), hloroformski (E4), butanolni (E6) i vodeni (E5) i sok korena rena (J9). Dihlormetanski ekstrakti korena rena imali su najveći sadržaj katehina, p-hidroksibenzoeve, siringinske i galne kiseline (pulpa, E1) i epikatehina (sok, E3). Hloroformski ekstrakt pulpe (E2) imao je visok sadržaj kvercetina i kemferola, dok je sok korena rena sadržao veće koncentracije katehina i galne kiseline. Rezultati su pokazali snažnu i neselektivnu antiproliferativnu aktivnost hloroformskih i dihlormetanskih ekstrakata i soka korena rena, sa najsnažnijim delovanjem na ćelijske linije jetre, dojke i pluća. Dobijene IC50 vrednosti bile su pri niskim koncentracijama (IC50 = 3,49-28,46 μg/mL) i visokim razblaženjima (IC50 = 418-1590). Sok (J9) i hloroformski ekstrakt soka rena (E4) pokazali su snažnu, nepoželjnu sposobnost indukcije nekroze. Ekstrakti i sok korena rena uticali su na povećanje oksidativnog stresa u ćelijama Ehrlich-ovog ascitnog karcinoma (EAK). Kod životinja koje su pretretirane sokom korena rena (J9) i posttretirane hloroformskim ekstraktom pulpe (E2) i dihlormetanskim ekstraktom soka (E3) postojalo je značajno povećanje aktivnosti superoksid dismutaze (SOD), ksantin oksidaze (XOD), glutation peroksidaze (GSHPx), glutation reduktaze (GR), intenziteta lipidne peroksidacije (LPx), kao i smanjenje aktivnosti katalaze (CAT) i nivoa glutationa (GSH) u ćelijama EAK. Efekti ekstrakata i soka korena rena na oksidativni stres kod hepatotoksičnog oštećenja jetre indukovanog ugljen-tetrahloridom bili su procenjeni merenjem parametara antioksidantne aktivnosti, kao i biohemijskih parametara funkcije jetre. Pretretmani sokom korena rena, hloroformskim ekstraktom pulpe (E2) i dihlormetanskim ekstraktom soka (E3), pre aplikacije CCl4, uticali su na značajno povećanje aktivnosti CAT, SOD, GR i nivoa GSH, kao i na značajno smanjenje aktivnosti XOD, GSHPx i intenziteta LPx, u odnosu na grupu životinja intoksikovanu CCl4-om. Takođe, pretretmani sa sokom korena rena, kao i hloroformskim i dihlormetanskim ekstraktima pre aplikacije CCl4 uticali su na značajno smanjenje aktivnosti ALT/AST i koncentracije hidroksiprolina, koje su bile povišene kod životinja nakon intoksikacije CCl4-om. Može se zaključiti da je detektovano snažno i neselektivno antiproliferativno dejstvo in vitro hloroformskih i dihlormetanskih ekstrakata i soka korena rena, sa nekrozom kao osnovnim mehanizmom indukovane ćelijske smrti. Rezultati dobijeni u in vivo ispitivanjima ukazali su da sok korena rena (J9), hloroformski ekstrakt pulpe (E2) i dihlormetanski ekstrakti soka (E3) ispoljavaju potencijalnu antitumorsku aktivnost prema ćelijama EAK, kao i potencijalnu antioksidantnu i hepatoprotektivnu aktivnost prevenirajući oštećenja jetre indukovana hepatotoksičnim CCl4-om.Horseradish (Armoracia rusticana, G. Gaertn, B. Mey. and Scherb.) is a hardy perennial herb, cultivated for its delicious, pungency and cooling taste. The aim of this study was to investigate antitumour and hepatoprptective activity of horseradish (Armoracia rusticana, Brasicaceae) root juice and extracts in vitro and in vivo. Liquid-liquid extraction of polar and non-polar compounds was used and polyphenolic compounds were identified and quantified by HPLC analysis. Antiproliferative activity was examinated in vitro on human cervix carcinoma (HeLa), breast adenocarcinoma (MCF7, MDA-MB-231), colon adenocarcinoma (HT-29), lung adenocarcinoma (A549), prostate adenocarcinoma (PC-3), melanocyte carcinoma (Hs 294T), hepatocyte carcinoma (Hep G2), as well as rat hepatocyte carcinoma (H-4-II-E), and normal human fetal lung (MRC-5) cell line using Sulforhodamine B assay. The mechanism of cell-death in cell line was determinated using Cell Death Detection ELISAPLUS kit. The antiproliferative activity of horseradish root juice and extracts against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) in Hannover National Medical Institute (Hann:NMRI) mice, as well as antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver injury in mice were examinated in vivo. This investigation was performed by use of dichloromethane (E1), chloroform (E2), butanol (E8) and aqueous (E7) extracts of horseradish pulp; dichloromethane (E3), chloroform (E4), butanol (E6) and aqueous (E5) extracts of horseradish juice, and unaltered horseradish juice (J9). Dichloromethane extracts had the highest content of catechin, p-hydroxybenzoic, syringic and gallic acid (pulp, E1), and epicatechin (juice, E3). Choroform pulp extract (E2) contained quercetin and kaempferol while gallic acid and catechin were mostly found in the juice (J9). The results showed strong and non-selective antiproliferative activity of chloroform and dichloromethane extracts and root juice - highest being towards liver, breast and lung tissue cells. IC50 values of extracts and juice were obtained in low range of concentrations (IC50 = 3,49-28,46 μg/mL) and high range of dilutions (IC50 = 418-1590). High and unfavorable potential of horseradish juice (J9) and chloroform juice extract (E4) to induce necrotic cell death was detected. Both the extracts and juice caused an increase of oxidative stress in EAC cells. Animals pre-treated with horseradish root juice (J9) and post-treated with chloroform pulp (E2) or dichloromethane juice (E3) extracts showed increased activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), xanthine oxidase (XOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx), glutathione reductase (GR) and the intensity of lipid peroxidation (LPx). On the other hand, catalase (CAT) activity and the amount of glutathione (GSH) significantly decreased in EAC cells. Effects of horseradish root juice and extracts on CCl4-induced oxidative stress were evaluated by measuring stress parameters and biochemical parameters of liver function. Pre-treatment with horseradish root juice, pulp chloroform (E2) and dichloromethane juice (E3) extracts, before application of CCl4, led to a significant increase in CAT, SOD, GR and GSH levels, and significantly decreased XOD, GSHPx and LPx levels, bringing them closer to the values of the EAC control group. Also, pre-treatment with horseradish root juice and chloroform and dichloromethane extracts, before application of CCl4 led to significant decrease in ALT/AST activities and hydroxyproline concentration, which were elevated in CCl4-intoxicated animals. It could be conclude that strong and non-selective in vitro antiproliferative activity of chloroform and dichloromethane extracts and root juice of horseradish was detected, with necrosis as a main mechanism of induced cell death. Obtained results suggest that the horseradish root juice (J9), as well as pulp chloroform (E2) and dichloromethane juice (E3) extracts exert antitumour effects on Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) and antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects against CCl4-induced liver toxicity in vivo
Stratification of Neven Šegvić’s Architecture
No full textAutor članka bavi se istraživanjem opusa arhitekta Nevena Šegvića. U trijadi njegova djela – arhitektonski rad, teorijski rad, pedagoški rad – tekst obrađuje problematiku samo prvog segmenta. Primjenom kronološkoga kriterija očitavanja kataloga autor sagledava vrijednost pojedinačnoga djela unutar duktusa cjelovitoga stvaralačkog opusa. Verifikacijom i valorizacijom radova te uspostavom stratifikacije elaborira se teza o postojanju pet problemsko- -razvojnih faza arhitektonskog opusa Nevena Šegvića.This article is a study of Neven Šegvić’s architecture focusing on his architectural achievements as one of the three main subject areas of his work (along with his theory and teaching). The author evaluates each work within the entire collection through a chronological study of catalogues. Through the analysis and assessment of Šegvić’s works and stratification, the author elaborates his thesis of five development stages in Šegvić’s architectural career
Architect Neven Šegvić – Theoretical Works
No full textAutor članka bavi se istraživanjem opusa arhitekta Nevena Šegvića. U trijadi njegova djela – teorijski rad, projektantski rad, pedagoški rad – tekst obrađuje problematiku prvog segmenta. Analizom evidentiranih bibliografskih jedinica autor sagledava vrijednost pojedinačnoga djela unutar duktusa cjelokupnoga znanstveno-publicističkog djela. Verifikacijom i valorizacijom izlučnih radova te uspostavom stratifikacije elaborira se teza o postojanju pet problemsko-razvojnih faza teorijskog opusa arhitekta Nevena Šegvića.Within his work on the oeuvre of the architect Neven Šegvić, the author focuses in this paper on Šegvić’s theoretical work, as one of the three main subject areas of his career, the others being architectural design and teaching. The analysis of Šegvić’s bibliography provides a basis for a critical evaluation of each particular work and its positioning within the entire theoretical oeuvre. The analysis is followed by a stratification in which the author identifies five discrete development phases in Neven Šegvić’s theoretical work
MULTIPLICATION OF CHARACTERS–DUPLETS IN PETRE M. ANDREEVSKI’S NOVEL “TUNNEL”
No full textThis article represents a detailed analysis of the characters’ traits in the novel “Tunnel” by Petre M. Andreevski, published for the first time in 2003 at the Publishing Center “Tri”-Skopje. Regarding the semiotic theory for the literary character, a quite solid determination of the notion of comprehending the characters- duplets (as for the characters- synonyms) was offered. In this interpretative paper the author’s attention precisely remains to character-duplets in the novel “Tunnel” considering quite complex semantic areas for the three characters in it: Igor, Goran Pakovski and Dejan Medarov. Following the narrative program of these three characters it can be noted that they actually are functioning as one actor in regard of the fact that their predicative functions gravitate towards one character which is the novel’s narrator (I-form for narrating) i.e. Nevena. Therefore for the author’s analysis the oppositions (characters- opposites) have core significance to all three characters in terms of the narrator (Igor vs Nevena; Goran Pakovski vs Nevena, Dejan Medarov vs Nevena). As a general conclusion from the characters-duplets analysis in “Tunnel” by Andreevski, the author applies the thesis that those characters in this Macedonian novel are key narrative elements, meaning the characters-duplets are actually the fundament of the narrative structure in the novel by Petre M. Andreevski
The procedure of involuntary hospitalization of persons with mental disorder in light of the human rights protection standards
No full textThis paper is aimed at analyzing the procedure of involuntary hospitalization of persons with mental disorder. Considering the fact that enforced hospitalization interferes with the fundamental human rights and individual freedoms, the rules of involuntary hospitalization procedure have to provide for the legality of decisions, prevent possible abuses and enable the exercise of legitimate rights and interests of persons with mental disorder confined to treatment in psychiatric institutions. Bearing in mind the significance of the involuntary hospitalization procedure, the author of this paper provides a critical analysis of the national regulation on involuntary hospitalization. The aim of this analysis is to observe whether the rules of involuntary hospitalization procedure comply with the generally recognized international and European standards on the human rights protection of persons with mental disorder, and to identify the shortcomings of the existing mechanism of involuntary hospitalization. Taking into consideration the results of this analysis, the author points to the necessity of reforming the involuntary hospitalization procedure and proposes possible directions for a further improvement of this legal institute
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