3,639 research outputs found
Knowledge translation mechanisms in open innovation: the role of design in R&D projects
Full text linkPurpose
This paper aims to investigate the role of design as a knowledge translation mechanism in R&D-oriented open innovation. In particular, the paper intends to look at how design can be used as a means of knowledge transfer among various stakeholders who speak different languages and have divergent needs and interests in a process where knowledge openly flew across the boundaries of a high number of organizations.
Design/methodology/approach
The paper combines the insights from theory with the empirical evidences gathered by adopting an extreme case study approach: the detailed analysis of a case study related to an R&D project funded by the European Commission and aimed to investigate and produce innovative serious games in the area of healthcare. The project gathered a large number of stakeholders and deliberately adopted design to support an open innovation approach.
Findings
The paper provides insights into the use of design outputs such as artifacts, sketches, visual representations or prototypes to translate ideas, theoretical and technical requirements, documents and outputs into formats that can be more easily understood and appreciated by various stakeholders. This supports and favors coordination in open innovation projects where many different stakeholders are engaged in.
Research limitations/implications
Although the adoption of an extreme case study approach offers important implications to understand the role of design in R&D-oriented open innovation, the use of a single case study represents the basis both to explore hypothesis and to provide first evidences that need to be further tested with other qualitative and quantitative analysis.
Practical implications
The paper offers practical implications about how design can help individuals and organizations involved in R&D activities to better communicate and share knowledge among various stakeholders by aligning their different needs, interests and languages along the various phases of their project development.
Originality/value
The originality of the paper lays at the intersection of three different fields: open innovation, knowledge management and design for innovation, thus integrating mature, but so far isolated, research streams. It provides insights for theory building by explaining the use of design as knowledge translational mechanism as well as it informs the practice by highlighting the power of design as a mean to support knowledge flows into open innovation-based R&D projects
Arts and design as translational mechanisms for academic entrepreneurship: The metaLAB at Harvard case study
Full text linkThis paper proposes arts and design as translational mechanisms to connect and align stakeholders, particularly in the context of academic entrepreneurship where multiple stakeholders with different expertise and interests work together in joint endeavors. Insights gathered from an ethnographic investigation carried out at metaLAB - an academic laboratory located at Harvard University (Cambridge, MA, USA) - build the empirical foundation. Findings show that various forms of arts and design (including poetry, photography, art installations, motion graphics videos, data visualization) play an important role in connecting metaLAB to external stakeholders and in activating multiple value drivers. The adoption of arts- and design-based initiatives allows the translation of different needs and wants of stakeholders into shared meanings, but also supports emotional and cognitive engagement and creative and divergent viewpoints. This paper contributes to existing studies focusing on how arts-based initiatives can support organizations in exploiting their potential for organizational value creation
An assessment of the impact of possible CAP reform scenarios on Romanian agriculture
Full text linkUsing a simplified model, with key-variable the prices of two different possible scenarios of CAP reform after 2013 (moderate and radical), this paper present a comparison between the price effects of implementation of each reform scenario at 2015 horizon on Romanian agriculture. This short analysis shows that, under the presented hypotheses, the net welfare effect, due to the price changes, for the selected products, is positive in both reform scenarios, yet greater in the case of the radical reform. Integrated in the large context of Romanian development, it seems that the influence of CAP reform upon agriculture and rural areas will be most likely a gradual one: an interpenetration between the two scenarios is foreseeable, starting with the moderate reform that will dominate the period around 2013, the reform measures acquiring a more radical character afterwards.CAP reform, Romania, welfare effects, Agricultural and Food Policy,
Rich, Sturmian, and trapezoidal words
Full text linkIn this paper we explore various interconnections between rich words, Sturmian words, and trapezoidal words. Rich words, first introduced by the second and third authors together with J. Justin and S. Widmer, constitute a new class of finite and infinite words characterized by having the maximal number of palindromic factors. Every finite Sturmian word is rich, but not conversely. Trapezoidal words were first introduced by the first author in studying the behavior of the subword complexity of finite Sturmian words. Unfortunately this property does not characterize finite Sturmian words. In this note we show that the only trapezoidal palindromes are Sturmian. More generally we show that Sturmian palindromes can be characterized either in terms of their subword complexity (the trapezoidal property) or in terms of their palindromic complexity. We also obtain a similar characterization of rich palindromes in terms of a relation between palindromic complexity and subword complexity
Urban Sensing: Potential and Limitations of Social Network Analysis and Data Visualization as Research Methods in Urban Studies
No full textSimeone and Patelli, building upon their experience as designers and scholars within the Urban Sensing research project, provide materials for scholars and researchers to reflect upon the potential and limitations of social network analysis and data visualization as research methods in urban studies. The chapter starts with a fundamental consideration of the limitations and the distortions inherent in any measurement and technical mediation, considering the particular context of evaluations stemming from quantitative analyses of big data. Simeone and Patelli then map out precursory initiatives and projects that made use of the spatial web to study contemporary cities. Based on concrete empirical examples the methodological limitations and potentialities of Urban Sensing are discussed; which lead to the authors’ reflections on the relevance of sensing the urban through the social web. </p
N(3)-protection of thymidine with Boc for an easy synthetic access to sugar-alkylated nucleoside analogs
No full textThe use of Boc as a nucleobase-protecting group in the synthesis of sugar-modified thymidine analogs is reported. Boc was easily inserted at N(3) by a simple and high-yielding reaction and found to be stable to standard treatments for the removal of Ac and tBuMe2Si (TBDMS) groups, as well as to ZnBr2-mediated 4,4′-dimethoxytrityl (DMTr) deprotection. Boc Protection proved to be completely resistant to the strong basic conditions required to regioselectively achieve O-alkylation, therefore, providing synthetic access to a variety of sugar-alkylated nucleoside analogs. To demonstrate the feasibility of this approach, two 3′-O-alkylated thymidine analogs have been synthesized in high overall yields and fully characterized
Channel-Driven Decentralized Bayesian Federated Learning for Trustworthy Decision Making in D2D Networks
No full textDesign, Synthesis and Characterization of novel amphiphilicGuanosine-based Nucleolipids
No full textThe synthetic strategy to obtain a library of diverse ribose-modified amphiphilic guanosine analogs has been presente
The categories collapse, knowledge is mobile: dislocations between Design and Anthropology
No full textCon la consapevolezza che l’agire umano si compie all’interno di sistemi complessi e che anzi, gli uomini stessi sono sistemi complessi, gli apparati della conoscenza e le strutture disciplinari si trovano a confrontarsi con problemi nuovi che costringono ad abbandonare le consapevolezze consolidate e le teorie mono- litiche. Ne emerge una “anti-disciplina” metodologica che attraversa i concetti e i paradigmi disciplinari, per interpretare una realtà in continuo movimento e in cui le differenze possono assumere un valore per l’evoluzione dei saperi stessi. In questo periodo constatiamo il collasso delle categorie storiche, delle scale operative, come dei saperi disciplinari di una conoscenza che si rivela sempre più mobile e veloce, il design sviluppa un modo ibrido di indagare la realtà e di guardare al di fuori di sé stesso.
Il saggio tiene insieme le riflessioni di due design researchers ed un antropologo della comunicazione in un tentativo sperimentale di sfidare la logica lineare del saggio disciplinare, per evidenziare le componenti dissonanti e i diversi costrutti interpretativi, in una logica di spaesamento epistemologico. Il funerale Bialetti racconta questo corto circuito in cui prodotto, produttore e performance comunicativa si uniscono tra organico e inorganico. Se da una parte l’antropologo costruisce il progetto di ricerca sul campo come un processo di design e si concentra sulla realtà artificiale che emerge al di là delle persone, unendo creativamente meta-fe- ticismo e progetto nel concetto di fisiognomica, dall’altra il design si inserisce nelle trame sociali e culturali con le forme artificiali che si estendono alla funzione del servizio e del processo, sviluppando un territorio di conoscenza aperto.
La moltiplicazione dei prodotti contemporanei, che includono caratteristiche materiali e sociali complesse, implica una sfida ai saperi “scalari” sviluppati nella storia attraverso le diverse scale operative: ad ognuno un ambito, dal più piccolo al più grande. Il progetto assume su di sé il ruolo strategico di gestione della complessità, concentrandosi sull’affinamento dei processi e degli apparati strumentali della conoscenza che, come avviene per il design thinking, vengono adottati in ambiti e settori molto distanti.With the awareness that human action takes place within complex systems and that indeed women and men are complex systems themselves, the apparatuses of knowledge and disciplinary struc- tures find themselves facing new problems that force them to leave the consolidated awareness and the monolithic theories. The result is a methodological “anti-discipline” that crosses disciplinary concepts and paradigms, to translate a constantly changing reality and in which differences can take on a value for the evolution of knowledge itself. If on the one hand we see the collapse of historical categories, operational scales, as well as the disciplinary knowledge that appears increasingly mobile and fast, design develops a hybrid way of investigating reality and looking outside of itself.
The following essay brings together the reflections of two design researchers and a communication anthropologist in an experimental attempt to challenge the linear logic of disciplinary writing, in order to highlight the dissonant factors and the different interpretative constructs, in a logic of epistemological disorientation. The Bialetti funeral tells of such short circuit in which product, producer and communicative performance come together between the organic and the inorganic domain. While on the one hand, the anthropolo- gist constructs the field research project as a design process and he focuses on the artificial reality that emerges beyond people, crea- tively combining meta-fetishism and design through the concept of physiognomy, on the other hand design fits into the social and cultural plots with artificial forms that extend to the function of service and process, developing an open field of knowledge.
The multiplication of contemporary products, which include complex material and social features, implies a challenge to the “scalar” knowledge developed in history through the different operational scales: to each one a field, from the smallest to the largest. The project takes the strategic role of managing complexity, focusing on the innovation of processes and instrumental equip- ment, to knowledge which, as is the case of design thinking, are adopted in disparate fields and sectors
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