1,720,972 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Evaluation of the Antiretroviral Community education and referral (ACER) project - Ng'ombe project site
No full textIn Zambia, the prevalence of HIV is estimated to be 16% among individuals 15-49 years old. Among 15-24 year olds, women (12.7%) are four times more likely to be infected by HIV than men (3.8%) (ZDHS, 2002).The Antiretroviral Community Education and Referral (ACER) project was
conceptually designed on the basis of the findings from the community consultations,
to improve health seeking behaviour, equity of access, adherence to Anti-Retroviral
Treatment, prevention for people living with HIV and how to decrease stigma and
discrimination.This evaluation assesses the role of the project in supporting access and adherence to ART so as to recommend ways of enhancing community access and adherence to ART.The specific objectives are: (i) To assess the adequacy of project design and implementation strategies and the extent to which gender issues were taken into consideration; (ii) To assess the contribution of the ACER project to the people's access and adherence to ART and recommend ways of enhancing community access and adherence to ART. The researcher questions are: (i) Were the project design and strategies adequate to take into account gender dimensions of ART access and
adherence? (ii) What has been the contribution of the ACER project to community access and adherence to ART and how could it be enhanced and sustained?
The first strength of the project has been the development of partnerships between
organisations in the communities which has extended the reach of the project.However, specific strategies aimed at closing the gender gap in HIV infection and ART access were not included in the design of the project. The project put more emphasis on
mobilising people for ART without adequate strategies aimed at prevention of infection,
especially among women. The other strengthen in the design has been the involvement of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). The study findings suggest that stigma has reduced, indicated by the increase in the number of people seeking VCT services and those joining support groups and a reduction in incidents of experienced stigma. The study has recorded an increase in the number of people on ART from 11 to over 400 people over a 2 year period. Adherence data from the project shows high levels of selfreported
adherence (about 99%). The potential for the activities to be sustainable are
high-Based on the findings, it is recommended: (i) that a strategy must be developed to ensure that uptake for testing and ART is improved among men. (ii) that targeted efforts aimed at reducing infection levels among women must be adopted (iii) that the project must mainstream gender into all project activities
Nutritional evaluation of dehulled and yellow seeded canola meals in poultry
No full textThe study was conducted to evaluate the nutritive value of dehulled (DCM) (Brassica napus L, cv. Westar) and yellow seeded (YSM) (Brassica compestris L, cv. Parkland) canola meals in poultry. Meals of commercial (CCM) and brown seeded (BSM) (Brassia napus L, cv. Westar) canola were used as controls. The CCM and DCM were obtained from Can Amera Foods, Altona and POS Pilot plant, Saskatoon, respectively while those of BSM and YSM were prepared in the laboratory. Compared to the the other meals, DCM had significantly higher and lower levels of protein and glucosinolates, respectively while BSM was higher in the content of total dietary fibre (TDF) and neutral detergent fibre (NDF). The levels of non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) were highest and lowest in YSM and DCM, respectively. However, both meals had similar NDF values. The protein composition of amino acids were similar in all the meals apart from DCM which had slightly higher values. There were no major differences among meals when amino acids were evaluated as percentage of protein in the meal. A study with precision-fed cockerels showed true metabolizable energy (TMEn) values to be higher in DCM and CCM than in YSM and BSM which had similar levels. There was generally low NSP availability in all the meals and comparison among meals showed DCM to have a lower value than the other meals. True amino acid availabilities (TAAA) were slightly higher in DCM and CCM though there were no significant differences among meals. A one week digestibility study with intact and cecectomised laying hens fed semi-purified diets containing 45% canola meal indicated no major differences in the digestibility of lipids, energy, NSP and amino acids between intact and cecectomised hens. In contrast to the precision fed cockerel assay, the laying hen digestibility study showed BSM to have relatively better amino acid digestibilities than the other meals while YSM tended to have the lower values. Based on glucosinolate content and color of the meal, the data indicate that DCM was subjected to excessive heat treatment during processing which may have influenced nutrient availability in this meal. The results on a two week growth trial with one week old cockerels indicated no major differences between meals in supporting chick performance. However, there were trends to indicate CCM to be of better feeding quality than the other meals
Potential for improved utilization of canola meal by monogastric animals
No full textThe purpose of this reseach was to explore the potential for improved utilization of canola meal by monogastric animals. In study one, 26 yellow-seeded and 7 brown-seeded Brassica genotypes were evaluated for differences in chemical composition and dietary fibre profiles. On average, in comparison to brown-seeded, yellow-seeded genotypes contained more sucrose (8.7% vs 7.5%) and protein (44.5% vs 42.7%) and less dietary fibre (28% vs 33%). Dietary fibre was negatively correlated (r=-0.71) with protein content and its reduction in yellow-seeded samples was attributed to lower contents of lignin and polyphenols, cell wall protein and minerals associated with the fibre fraction. In a second study, selected Brassica genotypes were analyzed for digestible protein, soluble fibre, content of soluble phenolics and extract viscosity. Despite only minor differences in soluble fibre, soluble phenolics and extract viscosity, B. rapa and B. napus species had relatively high digestible protein content in comparison to B. juncea and B. carinata species. The measurements of digestible protein and dietary fibre as well as soluble phenolics and extract viscosity were poorly correlated. Based on chemical composition and digestible protein content, four Brassica cultivars were selected for use in a third study and the seeds were processed under optimal moist heat treatment conditions (108 + 1oC for 20 min). The samples included yellow-seeded B. rapa (cv. Parkland), B. rupus (cv. Y1016) and B. juncea (J4316) and brown-seeded B. rapus (cv. Excel). With the exception of B. rapa, all samples had higher than commercial meals protein content with the yellow-seeded B. napus canola showing the highest true metabolizable energy value. The overall performance of broiler chickens fed the Brassica seed meals was similar to that of the commercial meal from yellow-seeded canola (control) except for B. juncea which had a relatively high content of undesirable aliphatic glucosinolates. Of the diets with comparable growth performance, birds fed the yellow-seeded B. napus canola showed the highest feed efficiency value. In a forth study an attempt was made to improve the utilization of canola meal by supplementation of broiler chicken diets with exogenous enzymes. A positive and synergistic effect was noted when a combination of protease, carbohydrase and phytase enzymes were supplemented to canola meal-based diets deficient in available phosphorus
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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