1,720,968 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Microstructure analysis and physical characterization of the ground granulated blast furnace slag binder and copper slag aggregate
Full text linkDepartment of Urban and Environmental Engineering (Urban Infrastructure Engineering)Concrete is most widely used material after water by mankind due to its high mechanical properties, ease of construction, excellent durability. However, there were two environmental issues concerned for using concrete: the use of concrete (1) requires massive amounts of carbon dioxide which is emitted during the production of cement and (2) cause the depletion of natural resources such as natural gravel and natural sand.
Slag is an industrial by product generated from the metallic ores and types of slag are classified as the type of ores, ferrous and non-ferrous slag. A typical ferrous slag and non-ferrous slag is ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) and copper slag that are both widely used in the construction field. However, as the world production of GGBFS and copper slag are 260-330 Mt and 68.7 Mt annually, wider practical use of the by product is required.
To solve the natural pollution resulted from using concrete and increase the recycling rate of the industrial by product, developing sustainable and eco-friendly construction material with excellent physical performance is required. Thus, the goal of the study is to investigate the microstructure and physical properties of construction materials using GGBFS and copper slag. To verify the multifunctional properties (i.e., compressive strength, whiteness index, gamma ray shielding capability) of the construction material in this study, compressive strength, spectrophotometer, experimental gamma ray shielding test, and theoretical gamma ray shielding simulation using Phy-X were performed. To support the physical properties of the sample and investigate the microstructural property of it, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), particle size distribution analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP), and toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy were conducted.
The contents of first study are investigating strength enhancement of CaO-activated GGBFS with gypsum and sodium chloride to develop GGBFS cementless binders using mixing water with high concentrations of chloride. To increase solubilities of calcium oxide and gypsum, small portions of sodium chloride are replaced to the GGBFS. The small portions of sodium chloride greatly increased the compressive strength of CaO-activated GGBFS binder with gypsum at 7 and 28 days. The strength gain was mostly occurred before 7 days. However, there were no effect of strength improvement of adding sodium chloride on the GGBFS binder without gypsum.
In the XRD and TG result, addition of sodium chloride increased the ettringite formation in the CaO-activated GGBFS with gypsum binder. The increase of formation of ettringite might be resulted from the presence of gypsum which increases the solubility of gypsum.
In the MIP result, the use of NaCl reduced capillary pores of the CaO-activated GGBFS when the gypsum was present at 7 days of curing. At 28 days, although the difference in pore size distribution mostly disappeared between CaO-activated GGBFS binders with and without adding sodium chloride when the gypsum was present, the GGBFS sample with sodium chloride still showed slightly smaller overall pore sizes than that of the GGBFS sample without gypsum. The pore size refinement through adding sodium chloride also might be resulted from the more formation of ettringite compared to the case of CaO activated GGBFS with gypsum but without adding sodium chloride.
The contents of second study are developing white GGBFS binder using TiO2. Two types of TiO2 (i.e., anatase vs. rutile) and activations (i.e., CaO vs. NaOH activation) were chosen to see the effects on surface colors of hardened GGBFS samples. White cement was hydrated to compare the strength and surface color of the GGBFS samples. The GGBFS and activators were set as basic cementless binder, and CaCl2 and TiO2 were used as additives in the basic cementless binder. In the compressive strength result, 4 wt% of anatase and rutile did not make any obvious difference in strength, whereas 16 wt% of rutile and anatase decreased compressive strength which might be resulted from decrease of strength resource.
In the XRD results, hydrocalumite, C-S-H/C-A-S-H, calcium hydroxide, and ettringite were formed in the CaO-activated GGBFS and C-S-H/C-A-S-H, hydrotalcite like phase, and U-phase were produced. Due to significantly high chemical stability of TiO2, the addition of TiO2 did not produce a new reaction product regardless of TiO2 type and activator type.
According to the measured CIE (International Commission on illumination) whiteness value, all the NaOH-activated GGBFS samples were not near white/white as all the measured WI (Whiteness index) value appeared with ???!??? mark, whereas all the CaO-activated GGBFS were near white/white. With the progress of curing days, CaO-activated GGBFS become more reddish which might be related to the blue-green coloration of hardened GGBFS. At a given addition of TiO2, CaO activation always exhibited higher lightness and yellowness than those observed for NaOH activation. Also, regardless of the quantities of added TiO2, CaO activation produced a reddish tint, whereas NaOH activation made a greenish tint. Thus, the type of activator likely exhibits a greater effect on L*, a*, and b* than the type and quantity of TiO2.
With the increase of TiO2 addition, WI and L* value of the CaO-activated GGBFS consistently increased. At the given quantity of TiO2, rutile reduced more degree of a* and b* value of the CaO-activated GGBFS samples compared to the anatase. As getting higher L* value and lower degree of tint values (a* and b*) were required for getting a higher degree of whiteness, the rutile has more advantageous effect on the whiteness index of the CaO-activated GGBFS compared to anatase.
The contents of last study are developing eco-friendly cement mortar using copper slag as an aggregate. The copper slag is used with replacement of silica sand. As the copper slag is added to the cement mortar, the flowability of the mortar consistently increased. The increase in the flowability through adding copper slag was mainly attributed to the smaller water absorption property of copper slag compared to that of silica sand. In the compressive strength results, the use of copper slag significantly increased the strength and no further strength increase was not observed when the copper slags used were over 60 wt%. The clear evidence that explains the strength increase using copper slag was not provided yet.
In the gamma ray shielding test, the experimental and theoretical linear attenuation coefficients of the mortar samples at 0.662 and 1.25 MeV were in good agreement. The linear attenuation coefficient of the cement mortar sample with 100 wt% of copper slag added had 30 to 31% higher than that of the cement mortar sample with 100 wt% of silica sand. In the low photon energy region, higher mass attenuation coefficient values were achieved in the cement mortar compared to the mass attenuation coefficients in the other energy regions. In the intermediate photon energy region, the mass attenuation coefficient values were similar between the cement mortar samples added with 100 wt% of copper slag and the samples added with 100 wt% of silica sand. In the high photon energy region, the mass attenuation coefficients of the cement mortar increased slightly and became nearly constant as the photon energy was increased. Except the intermediate energy region, the mass attenuation coefficients of the cement mortar added with 100 wt% of copper slag were higher than that of the cement mortar added with 100 wt% of silica sand. The variation of the mass attenuation coefficient depending on the energy could be resulted from the variation of the cross-section dependence on the atomic number (Z).
As the cement mortar with 100 wt% of copper slag added had lower values of half value layer (HVL), tenth value layer (TVL), and mean free path (MFP) than the HVL, TVL, and MFP of cement mortar with 100 wt% of silica sand, use of copper slag had more advantageous effect on shielding gamma ray in all photon energy levels compared to use of silica sand.
Also, the effective atomic numbers (Zeff) of cement mortar with 100 wt% of copper slag were higher than that of cement mortar with 100 wt% of silica sand in the whole energy ranges of gamma ray. Thus, using copper slag in producing cement mortars should be more advantageous than using silica sands for shielding gamma ray which might be due to high contents of Fe in the copper slag, which was a heavy element usually abundant in other heavy weight aggregates (i.e., hematite, magnetite).
In the trial cement brick test according to Korean standard (KS) F 4004, cement brick using 100 wt% of copper slag satisfied all the required properties for the first class brick. Also, it was found that the measured toxic elements of the cement sample using 100 wt% copper slag were significantly much lower than the TCLP criteria of toxic elements.ope
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
- …
