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스완의 환상과 진실 찾기
Get PDF학위논문 (석사) -- 서울대학교 대학원 : 인문대학 불어불문학과, 2021. 2. 유호식.「스완의 사랑」은 분명히 스완의 사랑에 대한 이야기이다. 그렇다면 이 이야기는 오로지 사랑에 관한 것으로 이해되어야 할까? 꼭 그렇지는 않다. 본 연구에서는 「스완의 사랑」을 스완의 예술 실패에 관한 소고로 전제하고 환상과 진실의 측면에서 검토한다. 이로써 스완이 예술에 실패한 이유를 밝히고, 스완의 사랑 이야기가 갖는 의의를 고찰해보고자 한다.
스완은 사랑하고 진실을 찾으면서 항상 진실의 반대 방향으로 나아간다. 그는 실제와 다른 오데트의 이미지를 만들어 사랑하며, 그녀의 진실을 찾을 때는 다양한 방법으로 진실을 왜곡한다. 스완이 찾을 수 있는 진실은 과연 무엇인가라는 문제가 제기되는 상황에서, 꿈은 자기 진실의 중요성을 환기하고, 그것을 찾을 수 있는 기회를 준다. 그러나 스완은 꿈에서 어떠한 의미있는 자기 진실도 찾아내지 못하며, 그의 이야기는 환멸한 그의 허무한 외침을 끝으로 더 이상 서술되지 않는다. 이러한 이야기 전개와 결말은 스완이 진실에 관한 문제에서 완전히 실패하였음을 증명하며, 그가 왜 예술가가 될 수 없었는지 암시한다. 마르셀의 관점에서 진실의 추구는 예술가가 반드시 지녀야 할 덕목이자, 예술을 탐구하는 과정이다. 「스완의 사랑」은 스완이 예술가의 가장 중요한 덕목을 이해하고 추구하는 데 실패했으므로, 실패한 예술가로 남게 되었다는 점을 보여주는 것이다.
『잃어버린 시간을 찾아서』는 화자 마르셀이 예술가로 성장해나가는 긴 여정을 담은 서사이다. 그 안에 독립된 단편 소설처럼 삽입되어 있는 스완의 사랑 이야기는 마르셀의 시각에서 연구되고 재구성되었다는 점에서 특별한 의의를 가진다. 마르셀은 「스완의 사랑」에서 실패한 예술가의 초상을 먼저 제시해놓고, 스완과는 다른 자신의 모습, 곧 진실 추구자로서의 면모를 서서히 드러내고 보여주면서 예술가가 되어가는 과정을 그린다. 그러므로 「스완의 사랑」은 화자가 자신의 이야기를 펼쳐 나가기 위해 사용한 특별한 글쓰기 전략으로서 의의를 가진다고 할 수 있을 것이다.Un amour de Swann nest pas seulement un récit damour, mais aussi un drame sur léchec par excellence qui nous aide à comprendre pourquoi Swann naurait pas pu devenir artiste contrairement à Marcel, le narrateur. Le but de cette étude est, à travers les analyses méticuleuses de lillusion amoureuse et la recherche de la vérité de Swann, de révéler la raison de son échec en art. Ceci nous permettra dapprofondir la réflexion sur loeuvre proustienne.
Ce qui fait que Swann tombe amoureux dOdette est dabord son désir dêtre artiste renouvelé par la sonate de Vinteuil. En aimant, Swann fabrique une image dOdette ayant deux visages alternatifs, adorable et méchant. Tout en disant quil cherche la vérité dOdette, il fait le maximum pour la déformer, soit consciemment, soit inconsciemment. Plus Swann aime, plus il séloigne de la vérité. Devenu prisonnier de son illusion construit par lui-même, il ne fait que souffrir. Cest dans cette circonstance quapparaît le rêve comme pour le libérer. Le rêve de Swann exige à deux reprises quil cherche des vérités en soi-même. Mais Swann ne réussissant pas à en trouver, son histoire se termine. Ainsi, cette histoire démontre que Swann a définitivement échoué à la recherche de la vérité.
Étant donné que la vérité est une vertu essentielle quil faudrait suivre sans cesse si pour devenir artiste, cet échec de Swann ne peut être que crucial pour son avenir. Chez Proust, la recherche de la vérité est comme la recherche de lart. Le travail de lartiste consiste à recomposer sa vie à partir des vérités quil a atteintes en soi-même. Swann en aimant Odette, sest bien mis pour la première fois de sa vie à la recherche de la vérité qui aurait dû lui apprendre ce quest lart, puis permettre de créer une oeuvre dart. Mais ayant échoué à son premier essai, Swann ne connaît pas la valeur de la vérité ainsi que lart. Et son rêve dêtre artiste, par conséquent, ne saurait se réaliser.
Enfin, Un amour de Swann constitue lun des arguments nécessaires pour le narrateur afin de mieux développer sa propre histoire de vocation artistique. Après avoir décrit Swann comme artiste manqué dans son histoire damour avec Odette, Marcel va pouvoir nous montrer sa différence avec lui, effectivement, en tant que chercheur de la vérité qui nabandonne jamais, et qui arrive toujours à trouver quelque vérité. Et cest ainsi quaprès une longue recherche, Marcel deviendra artiste.서 론 1
1. 스완의 환상 5
1-1. 오데트의 첫 인상 5
1-2. 제포라와 뵝퇴유의 소나타 12
1-3. 두 얼굴의 오데트 22
2. 스완의 진실 찾기 40
2-1. 오데트 방의 창문과 커튼 40
2-2. 스완의 편지 읽기 54
3. 환상과 진실 사이 67
3-1. 스완의 꿈 67
3-2. 울고 있는 젊은 청년 71
3-3. 시테라섬으로의 여행 75
결 론 92
참고문헌 98
Résumé 101Maste
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
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counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
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Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
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Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
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use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
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Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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