1,720,988 research outputs found
Verbal fluency and agrammatism.
No full textSince the beginning of this centuxy it has been documented that cerebellar lesions induce speech ddicits but these were thought to result from lack of motor coordination in the muscular activity needed for phonation. The pure motor nature of the cerebeliurn has been challenged on different
grounds, and cerebellar activation has been documented in languagerelated tasks independently from motor activity. This chapter reviews the available evidence in fivor of a cerebellar conmbution to linguistic processing,
focusing mady on clinii obsemtions in patients. The clinical finding are discussed in the light of recent theones on cerebellar functions.Since the beginning of this centuxy it has been documented that cerebellar lesions induce speech ddicits but these were thought to result from lack of motor coordination in the muscular activity needed for phonation. The pure motor nature of the cerebeliurn has been challenged on different
grounds, and cerebellar activation has been documented in languagerelated tasks independently from motor activity. This chapter reviews the available evidence in fivor of a cerebellar conmbution to linguistic processing,
focusing mady on clinii obsemtions in patients. The clinical finding are discussed in the light of recent theones on cerebellar functions
The influence of semantic and perceptual factors on lexical comprehension in aphasic and right brain-damaged patients
No full text
'Mens sana in corpore sano': the emerging link of motor reserve with motor and cognitive abilities and compensatory brain networks in SCA2 patients.
No full textThe ability to resiliently cope with neuropathological lesions is a key scientific concern. Ac-cordingly, this study aims to investigate whether motor reserve (MR), likely to be boosted by exercise engagement in a life-time, affects motor symptom severity, cognitive functioning and functional brain networks in spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2), a cerebellar neurodegenera-tive disease. The MR of twelve SCA2 patients was assessed using the Motor Reserve Index Ques-tionnaire (MRIq), developed ad hoc for estimating lifespan MR. The International Cooperative Ataxia Rating Scale was used to assess clinical motor features, and neuropsychological tests were used to evaluate cognitive functioning. Patients underwent an MRI examination, and net-work-based statistics (NBS) analysis was carried out to detect patterns of functional connectivity (FC). Significant correlations were found between MRIq measures and the severity of motor symptoms, educational and intellectual levels, executive functions, and processing speed. NBS analysis revealed a higher FC within subnetworks consisting of specific cerebellar and cerebral areas. FC patterns positively correlated with MRIq measures, likely indicating the identification of an MR network. The identified network might reflect a biomarker likely to underlie MR, in-fluenced by education and cognitive functioning and impacting the severity of motor symptoms
The cerebellum is a key structure in the neural network for mentalizing: an MRI study in the behavioral variant of fron-totemporal dementia
No full textThe behavioural variant of frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) is primarily characterized by deficits in social behaviour and theory of mind (ToM). Although a consensus has been reached on the roles of the cerebellum in social cognition and ToM, its specific contribution to social impairments of bvFTD has never been specifically investigated. The aim of this study was to assess cerebellar structural and functional changes in patients with bvFTD and their potential association with ToM deficits of patients. Therefore, 15 patients with bvFTD and 34 healthy subjects underwent an MRI examination. Voxel-based morphometry was used to assess cerebellar (GM) changes, and a seed-based analysis was performed to test cerebello-cerebral functional connectivity (FC). Performance of bvFTD patients in a ToM task was then correlated with FC patterns. Compared to healthy subjects, patients with bvFTD showed significant cerebellar GM loss specifically involving cerebellar Crus I-II. Additionally, FC changes FC were observed between the cerebellum and cerebral regions related to ToM. Interestingly, patterns of changes in cerebello-cerebral FC corre-lated with altered ToM performances explored using the “Reading the Mind with the Eyes” test (RMET) of patients. The present findings suggest that specific changes in cerebello-cerebral FC may underlie ToM alterations in patients with bvFTD
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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