1,720,968 research outputs found
Inequalities in Traffic safety (INTRAS): final report
No full textContext
Given the fact that socioeconomic status and culture both are related to traffic safety – a fact that is abundantly illustrated in the international literature – the questions arise why people of different countries and cultures are in a varying extent involved in traffic accidents and why lower socioeconomic groups and ethnic minorities are often significantly overrepresented in
traffic accidents within a country.
Objectives
Based on an exploration of the international literature, we wanted to develop a theoretical framework allowing us to investigate the mechanisms underlying inequalities in traffic safety and mobility patterns. Most importantly, we wanted to empirically investigate these inequalities in the local Belgian context analysing a combination of accident data, selfreported
driving behaviours and opinions related to those behaviours at two different levels, i.e., at neighbourhood level and at the individual level. Part of these analyses was based on
newly collected data. In addition to that, already available data sets to explore inequalities in traffic safety and mobility in Belgium were inventorised as a way to facilitate future research
on this matter. From a methodological perspective, different statistical matching techniques were tested to allow data integration in the case valuable information on socioeconomic
status would be missing.
Conclusions
International literature clearly demonstrates inequalities in traffic safety in function of socioeconomic and cultural/ethnic background. This finding, together with related inequalities in terms of travel patterns, is replicated to some extent in four different empirical studies conducted in the local context. However, data scarcity, limited operationalisation of socioeconomic status, total lack information on cultural factors (like ethnic background) and of more robust (longitudinal) study designs prevent us from drawing firm conclusions on the
more precise importance of socioeconomic status and ethnic origin as predictors of road safety and mobility-related inequalities. Also, formal moderation/mediation analyses are required to verify the theoretical mechanisms that have been proposed and explored in this project as a way to better understand the association between socioeconomic status and ethnic origin on the one hand, and inequalities in traffic safety on the other hand. More
research on this topic is definitely required to further advance our knowledge and improve related policy.Belspo-BRAI
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Inequalities in Traffic safety (INTRAS): final report
No full textContext
Given the fact that socioeconomic status and culture both are related to traffic safety – a fact that is abundantly illustrated in the international literature – the questions arise why people of different countries and cultures are in a varying extent involved in traffic accidents and why lower socioeconomic groups and ethnic minorities are often significantly overrepresented in
traffic accidents within a country.
Objectives
Based on an exploration of the international literature, we wanted to develop a theoretical framework allowing us to investigate the mechanisms underlying inequalities in traffic safety and mobility patterns. Most importantly, we wanted to empirically investigate these inequalities in the local Belgian context analysing a combination of accident data, selfreported
driving behaviours and opinions related to those behaviours at two different levels, i.e., at neighbourhood level and at the individual level. Part of these analyses was based on
newly collected data. In addition to that, already available data sets to explore inequalities in traffic safety and mobility in Belgium were inventorised as a way to facilitate future research
on this matter. From a methodological perspective, different statistical matching techniques were tested to allow data integration in the case valuable information on socioeconomic
status would be missing.
Conclusions
International literature clearly demonstrates inequalities in traffic safety in function of socioeconomic and cultural/ethnic background. This finding, together with related inequalities in terms of travel patterns, is replicated to some extent in four different empirical studies conducted in the local context. However, data scarcity, limited operationalisation of socioeconomic status, total lack information on cultural factors (like ethnic background) and of more robust (longitudinal) study designs prevent us from drawing firm conclusions on the
more precise importance of socioeconomic status and ethnic origin as predictors of road safety and mobility-related inequalities. Also, formal moderation/mediation analyses are required to verify the theoretical mechanisms that have been proposed and explored in this project as a way to better understand the association between socioeconomic status and ethnic origin on the one hand, and inequalities in traffic safety on the other hand. More
research on this topic is definitely required to further advance our knowledge and improve related policy.Belspo-BRAI
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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