1,720,956 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Neural mechanisms involved in the evocation of unique contextual experiences : role of neuronal remapping in the hippocampus
No full textEl Hipocampo es una región del cerebro fundamental para la adquisición, almacenamiento y evocación de memorias episódicas. Un componente esencial de estas memorias es el contexto en el que se adquieren. En el Hipocampo existen neuronas que se activan preferentemente en un sitio determinado del espacio (place cells - PC). En conjunto estas neuronas forman un “mapa” que puede representar una situación o un contexto. Si un animal es expuesto a un contexto diferente, estas neuronas pueden modificar su actividad y conformar un nuevo mapa del nuevo contexto, proceso conocido como remapeo. Además, las PC pueden codificar otros aspectos de una experiencia, como por ejemplo la identidad de un objeto, la valencia de una recompensa o el tiempo, entre otros, sugiriendo que también guardan información no puramente espacial. Diversos estudios han mostrado cómo las PC cambian su actividad ante cambios contextuales. Sin embargo, aún no está claro cómo la actividad de estas neuronas y su codificación del contexto se relaciona con la expresión de diferentes memorias episódicas. Esta tesis busca comprender la relación que existe entre la codificación contextual del Hipocampo y la evocación de memorias episódicas contextuales con distinto grado de superposición. Para ello, realizamos registros electrofisiológicos en CA1 y CA3 (dos regiones hipocampales) en ratas mientras ejecutaban una tarea de reconocimiento espontáneo de objeto en contexto. Esta tarea permite discriminar si los animales reconocen un contexto como familiar o novedoso, al mismo tiempo que se registra su actividad neuronal. Encontramos que los procesos de diferenciación y generalización de la memoria compiten por el control del comportamiento. Dependiendo del grado de superposición entre eventos, uno de los dos procesos tiene lugar. Demostramos que el grado de remapeo de las neuronas CA3 y de CA1, subyacente a un proceso de separación, está relacionado con la formación/evocación de memorias episódicas de un objeto en contexto. Cuando los animales reconocen un objeto en contexto como familiar, independientemente de las claves contextuales presentes, hay menos remapeo en las neuronas de CA3 y de CA1 que cuando la relación objeto-contexto es considerada novedosa. Por otro lado, aportamos evidencia de que la actividad de CA1 durante la ejecución de la tarea también está influenciada por factores como la presencia de un objeto o el número de experiencias en un ambiente dado. Nuevamente estos resultados muestran que la codificación del espacio de las PC no responde únicamente a características físicas del 5 ambiente, apoyando la idea de que estas neuronas cumplen un rol clave en las memorias episódicas. En conjunto los resultados expuestos en esta tesis contribuyen a comprender la naturaleza adaptativa de la memoria para guiar el comportamiento ante cambios en las representaciones internas del contexto que tienen los individuos.The hippocampus is critical for the acquisition, storage and recall of episodic memories. An essential component of these memories is the context in which they are acquired. Some hippocampal neurons (place cells - PC) fire in a location-specific manner and change their firing pattern in response to contextual changes (remapping). As a population, PCs are thought to form a “cognitive map” of events or contexts, providing the spatial dimension of episodic memory. PCs can also encode other aspects of an experience, such as object identity, reward valence, or time, suggesting that they can map non-spatial information. While several studies had shown PC remapping as a consequence of contextual changes, it is still unclear if remapping is directly related to the expression of different episodic memories. This project aims to understand the relationship between hippocampal contextual encoding and the evocation of contextual episodic memories with different degrees of overlap. To this end, we performed electrophysiological recordings in CA1 and CA3 (two hippocampal regions) in rats while they were executing a spontaneous object-in-context recognition task. This task allows discriminating whether animals recognize a context as familiar or novel while recording their neural activity. We found that memory differentiation and generalization processes compete for behavioral control. Depending on the degree of overlap between events, one of the two processes takes place. We show that the degree of remapping of CA3 and CA1 neurons, underlying a separation process, is related to the formation/evocation of episodic memories of an object in context. When animals recognize an object in context as familiar, regardless of the contextual cues present, there is less remapping in CA3 and CA1 neurons than when the object-context relationship is considered novel. Furthermore, we provide evidence that CA1 activity during task execution is also influenced by factors such as the presence of an object or the number of experiences in a given environment. Again, these results show that the spatial encoding of PCs does not respond purely to physical features of the space, supporting the idea that these neurons play a key role in episodic memories. Overall, the results presented in this thesis contribute to understanding the adaptive nature of memory to guide behavior consistent with changes in the environmental cues and the internal state of the individual.Fil: Silva, Azul. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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