1,721,031 research outputs found
Effect of a Gluten-free Diet on the Risk of Enteropathy-associated T-cell Lymphoma in Celiac Disease
No full textPatients with celiac disease have an increased
rate of enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma, but conflicting
data are available about the protective role of a
gluten-free diet with regard to the development of this
malignancy. We followed 1,757 celiac patients for a total
period of 31,801 person-years, collecting data about the
frequency of gluten intake and the incidence of the enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma. Out of the nine
celiac patients who developed an intestinal lymphoma
[standard morbidity ratio of 6.42 (95% CI = 2.9–12.2;
P\0.001)], only two kept a strict gluten-free diet after the
diagnosis of celiac diasese and developed the malignancy
after the peridiagnosis period of 3 years, dropping therefore
the standard morbidity ratio to 0.22 (95%CI = 0.02–0.88;P\0.001). The risk of developing an intestinal lymphoma
for the celiac patients that used to have dietary gluten was
significant (X2 = 4.8 P = 0.01). These results show that a
strict gluten-free diet is protective towards the development
of enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma
Effect of a Gluten-free Diet on the Risk of Enteropathy-associated T-cell Lymphoma in Celiac Disease
No full textAbstract Patients with celiac disease have an increased
rate of enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma, but conflicting
data are available about the protective role of a
gluten-free diet with regard to the development of this
malignancy. We followed 1,757 celiac patients for a total
period of 31,801 person-years, collecting data about the
frequency of gluten intake and the incidence of the
enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma. Out of the nine
celiac patients who developed an intestinal lymphoma
[standard morbidity ratio of 6.42 (95% CI = 2.9–12.2;
P\0.001)], only two kept a strict gluten-free diet after the
diagnosis of celiac diasese and developed the malignancy
after the peridiagnosis period of 3 years, dropping therefore
the standard morbidity ratio to 0.22 (95%CI = 0.02–0.88; P\0.001).
The risk of developing an intestinal lymphoma
for the celiac patients that used to have dietary gluten was
significant (X2 = 4.8 P = 0.01). These results show that a
strict gluten-free diet is protective towards the development
of enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma.
In conclusion, this study demonstrated that a strict GFD
is protective towards the development of gastro-intestinal
lymphoma. Therefore, celiac patients should be informed
about the importance of complying with a strict GFD in
order to prevent the onset of this neoplasm. In addition, a
careful screening for intestinal lymphoma should be performed
in celiac patients who do not follow a strict GFD
after the diagnosis of CD or diagnosed affected by celiac
patients after their childhood
What is the nutritional composition of ultra-processed food marketed in Italy?
Full text linkThe present study aimed to provide a descriptive analysis of the nutrient profile of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) marketed in Italy according to three front-of-pack labeling (FOPL) schemes implemented by France, i.e., the Nutriscore; by the United Kingdom, i.e., Multiple Traffic Lights (MTL); and by Italy, i.e., the NutrInform battery. The analysis was made in fourteen food product categories, corresponding to 124 foods. The application of the Nutriscore scheme showed that a significant proportion of foods (23%) were awarded an A or B. Furthermore, the analysis according to the MTL showed that food products that were above the threshold (“red”) for fat, saturated fats, sugars, and salt ranged from 13% to 31%. Interestingly, even though all foods considered in the analysis were UPF, they were heterogeneous in nutritional composition, as demonstrated by the FOPL schemes applied, showing that UPF represent a heterogeneous group of foods with different characteristics. Such a finding may have relevant implications for epidemiological studies that analyze the association between UPF consumption and health outcomes, suggesting the need for better characterization of the effects of UPF intake on human health
Clinical features of chronic C virus hepatitis in patients with celiac disease
No full textThe association between celiac disease (CD) and several
liver disorders has long been documented. About 40% of
adult celiac patients have been reported to have mild to
moderate hypertransaminasemia (up to five times the upper
limit of normal) at the time of diagnosis of CD [1, 2]. In
addition, CD has been found in roughly 10% of patients
with unexplained hypertransaminasemia, and the majority
of them have had their liver enzyme levels normalized after
one year of following a strict gluten-free diet [3, 4]. In
addition, an increased prevalence of primary biliary
cirrhosis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, and autoimmune
hepatitis among CD patients has been reported [5, 6]. CD
might also be linked to very severe liver conditions such as
end-stage liver failure and hepatocellular carcinoma [7].
There is also evidence, even contrasting reports, about the
association of CD with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and
fatty liver disease [8].
In contrast, no definitive evidence is available about the
association between chronic hepatitis C (hepatitis C virus
[HCV]) and CD. Fine et al. described a three-fold increase
of CD prevalence among HCV patients compared to
noninfected celiac individuals [9]. It has also been reported
the activation of silent CD during the antiviral treatment for
HCV with interferon-α and ribavirin, both alone and in
combination [10]. Consequently, a routine serological
screening for CD has been proposed in HCV patients
before starting antiviral therapy. In case of HCV positivity,
the achievement of the histological normalization of the
intestinal mucosa after following a gluten-free diet has been
advised before starting the therapy [10]
In vitro tests indicate that certain varieties of oats may be harmful to patients with coeliac disease
No full textBackground:
The presence of oats in gluten-free diet is controversial. The aim of this
work is to evaluate if different varieties of oats exert different toxicity in coeliac disease.
Methods:
Three varieties of oats were tested by two in vitro assay based on the known
ability of peptic-tryptic digests of coeliac-active proteins to agglutinate K562 cells and to disrupt lysosomes, respectively.
Results:
Avenins from the Italian variety Astra and the Australian variety Mortlook were
much more active than the Australian variety Lampton. Gliadin, digested in the same way,certainly displayed more activity than all three avenins, but rice (var. Roma) did not have
measurable activity.
Conclusions:
The results indicate that some varieties of oats may be potentially harmful to individuals with coeliac disease and therefore should be excluded from the gluten-free
diet required to maintain good health in coeliac disease. It is important to realize that constant, small amounts of active proteins in the diet, such as certain avenins, may prevent complete recovery of the intestinal mucosa in this disease
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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